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-MoO
whiskers in 
Mo/
Tc radioisotope production and Mo/Tc extraction using hot atomsNgo, M. C.*; Fujita, Yoshitaka; Suzuki, Tatsuya*; Do, T. M. D.*; Seki, Misaki; Nakayama, Tadachika*; Niihara, Koichi*; Suematsu, Hisayuki*
Inorganic Chemistry, 62(32), p.13140 - 13147, 2023/08
Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.01(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)Technetium-99m (Tc) is one of the most important radioisotopes for diagnostic radio-imaging applications. Tc is a daughter product of the Mo isotope. There are two methods used to produce Mo/Tc: the nuclear fission (n,f) and the neutron capture (n,
) methods. Between them, the (n,f) method is the main route, used for approximately 90% of the world's production. However, the (n,f) method faces numerous problems, including the use of highly enriched uranium, the release of highly radioactive waste, and nonproliferation problems. Therefore, the (n,) method is being developed as a future replacement for the (n,f) method. In this work, -MoO whiskers prepared by the thermal evaporation method and 
-MoO particles were irradiated in a nuclear reactor to produce Mo/Tc via neutron capture. The irradiated targets were dispersed into water to extract the Mo/Tc. As a result, -MoO whisker yielded higher Mo extraction rate than that from -MoO. In addition, by comparing the dissolved 
Mo concentrations in water, we clarified a prominent hot-atom of -MoO whiskers. This research is the first demonstration of -MoO being used as an irradiation target in the neutron capture method. On the basis of the results, -MoO is considered a promising irradiation target for producing Mo/Tc by neutron capture and using water for the radioisotope extraction process in the future.
for production of 
Tc radioactive isotopeSuematsu, Hisayuki*; Sato, Soma*; Nakayama, Tadachika*; Suzuki, Tatsuya*; Niihara, Koichi*; Nanko, Makoto*; Tsuchiya, Kunihiko
Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies (Internet), 8(4), p.1154 - 1161, 2020/12
Times Cited Count：3 Percentile：17(Materials Science, Ceramics)Pulsed electric current sintering of molybdenum trioxide (MoO) was carried out by one- and two-step pressuring methods for fabrication of irradiation target using production of Mo and Tc nuclear medicine. At 550
C by the two-step pressurizing method, a relative density of 93.1% was obtained while, by the one-step pressurization method, the relative density was 76.9%. Direct sample temperature measurements were conducted by inserting a thermocouple in a punch. By the two-step pressurizing method, the sample temperature was higher than that by the one-step pressurizing method even almost the same die temperature. From voltage and current waveforms, it was thought that the conductivity of the sample increased by the two-step pressurizing method to increase the sample temperature and the relative density. The two-step pressurization method enables us to prepare dense targets at a low temperature from recycled and coarse-grained Mo enriched MoO powder.
Kim, J.*; Yamanaka, Satoru*; Nakajima, Akira*; Kato, Takanori*; Kim, Y.*; Fukuda, Tatsuo; Yoshii, Kenji; Nishihata, Yasuo; Baba, Masaaki*; Takeda, Masatoshi*; et al.
Ferroelectrics, 512(1), p.92 - 99, 2017/08
Times Cited Count：14 Percentile：56.08(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Yamanaka, Satoru*; Kim, J.*; Nakajima, Akira*; Kato, Takanori*; Kim, Y.*; Fukuda, Tatsuo; Yoshii, Kenji; Nishihata, Yasuo; Baba, Masaaki*; Yamada, Noboru*; et al.
Advanced Sustainable Systems (Internet), 1(3-4), p.1600020_1 - 1600020_6, 2017/04
no abstracts in English
Kim, Y.*; Kim, J.*; Yamanaka, Satoru*; Nakajima, Akira*; Ogawa, Takashi*; Serizawa, Takeshi*; Tanaka, Hirohisa*; Baba, Masaaki*; Fukuda, Tatsuo; Yoshii, Kenji; et al.
Advanced Energy Materials, 5(13), p.1401942_1 - 1401942_6, 2015/07
Times Cited Count：18 Percentile：60.39(Chemistry, Physical)An innovative electro-thermodynamic cycle based on temporal temperature variations using pyroelectric effect has been presented. Practical energy is successfully generated in both 
synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements under controlled conditions and 
real engine dynamometer experiments. The main generating origin is revealed as a combination of a crystal structure change and dipole change phenomenon corresponds to the temperature variation. In particular, the electric field induced 180
domain switching extremely improves generating power, and the true energy breakeven with temperature variation is firstly achieved.
Tan, Isao*; Taniguchi, Masashi*; Tanaka, Hirohisa*; Uenishi, Mari*; Kajita, Nobuhiko*; Nishihata, Yasuo; Mizuki, Junichiro; Niihara, Koichi*
Key Engineering Materials, 317-318, p.833 - 836, 2006/08
no abstracts in English
for production of Tc by neutron irradiationSuematsu, Hisayuki*; Sato, Soma*; Nanko, Makoto*; Tsuchiya, Kunihiko; Nishikata, Kaori; Suzuki, Tsuneo*; Nakayama, Tadachika*; Niihara, Koichi*
no journal, ,
Spark plasma sintering of MoO was carried out for production of Tc from Mo by the (n,) method in a nuclear reactor. Powder of MoO with an average grain size of 0.8
m and a purity of 99.99% was pressed in a graphite die with a diameter of 20 mm. Then, the green compact was heated in a spark plasma sintering apparatus with heating rates of 100 
200C/min to 500 600C in vacuum. After holding the temperature for 5 min, the sample was quenched. The sintered samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction for phase identifications, electron energy loss spectroscopy for compositional analyses and scanning electron microscopy for grain size measurements. After sintering at 550C, a sintered bulk of MoO with a relative density of 98% was obtained. These properties are good enough for separation of Tc and recycle of Mo.
powder for a radioisotope productionSato, Soma*; Nanko, Makoto*; Suzuki, Tsuneo*; Nakayama, Tadachika*; Suematsu, Hisayuki*; Niihara, Koichi*; Tsuchiya, Kunihiko
no journal, ,
no abstracts in English
for production of radioactive isotopesSuematsu, Hisayuki*; Seki, Misaki*; Sato, Soma*; Nanko, Makoto*; Tsuchiya, Kunihiko; Nishikata, Kaori; Suzuki, Tsuneo*; Nakayama, Tadachika*; Niihara, Koichi*
no journal, ,
no abstracts in English
for Production of Radioactive IsotopesSuematsu, Hisayuki*; Sato, Soma*; Seki, Misaki*; Nanko, Makoto*; Nishikata, Kaori; Suzuki, Yoshitaka; Tsuchiya, Kunihiko; Suzuki, Tsuneo*; Nakayama, Tadachika*; Niihara, Koichi*
no journal, ,
Tc has been utilized as a radioactive isotope in medical applications. The majority of this isotope has been separated from nuclear fission products in testing reactors with highly enriched 
U fuel. However, these reactors have been shut down because of the age and the nuclear security reasons. On the other hand, a nuclear reaction method has been proposed. This method is to irradiate Mo by neutrons in a reactor to form Mo and then to decay to Tc. As the target, MoO pellets are required. However, because of the low evaporation temperature (700 C) and coarse grain size of Mo enriched powder, it was difficult to obtain high density MoO pellets. To overcome this problem, a two-step loading method in pulsed electric current sintering was carried out in this study.
Mo/Tc generator for medicalSeki, Misaki*; Suematsu, Hisayuki*; Nakayama, Tadachika*; Suzuki, Tsuneo*; Niihara, Koichi*; Suzuki, Tatsuya*; Tsuchiya, Kunihiko; Duong Van, D.*
no journal, ,
no abstracts in English
targets; Contribution by vietnamese institutes, staffs and studentsSuematsu, Hisayuki*; Ngo, M. C.*; Quach, N. M.*; Fujita, Yoshitaka; Do, T. M. D.*; Nakayama, Tadachika*; Suzuki, Tatsuya*; Nguyen, V. T.*; Niihara, Koichi*
no journal, ,
Radiopharmacies have been used in various medical diagnoses/therapies and their market has been growing by ten times in fifteen years. In particular, Tc has been widely used in gamma ray diagnoses. Mo, the raw material for Tc, is currently produced as a fission product by irradiating highly enriched uranium in nuclear reactors. Efforts are being made worldwide to reduce the use of uranium from the perspective of nuclear non-proliferation. A Mo(n,)Mo reaction in low enriched uranium reactors can be an alternative method. In this research, we revealed that -MoO, a low-temperature phase of MoO, as a neutron irradiation target promotes the diffusion of Mo from the target to water due to the hot atom effect. Utilizing this phenomenon can contribute to the stable supply of Mo and Tc. The first nuclear reaction in/water dispersion experiments using an -MoO powder target was carried out in Dalat Nuclear Reactor, Vietnam Atomic Energy Institute to show the hot atom effect. Then, the water recovery efficiency was dramatically improved using a novel -MoO whisker target by Vietnamese students and staffs. Their contributions to this research will be explained in the presentation.
