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Amekura, Hiroshi*; Chettah, A.*; Narumi, Kazumasa*; Chiba, Atsuya*; Hirano, Yoshimi*; Yamada, Keisuke*; Yamamoto, Shunya*; Leino, A. A.*; Djurabekova, F.*; Nordlund, K.*; et al.
Nature Communications (Internet), 15, p.1786_1 - 1786_10, 2024/02
Times Cited Count：0Injecting high-energy heavy ions in the electronic stopping regime into solids can create cylindrical damage zones called latent ion tracks. Although these tracks form in many materials, none have ever been observed in diamond, even when irradiated with high-energy GeV uranium ions. Here we report the first observation of ion track formation in diamond irradiated with 2-9 MeV C
fullerene ions. Depending on the ion energy, the mean track length (diameter) changed from 17 (3.2) nm to 52 (7.1) nm. High resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (HR-STEM) indicated the amorphization in the tracks, in which 
-bonding signal from graphite was detected by the electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS).
Amekura, Hiroshi*; Toulemonde, M.*; Narumi, Kazumasa*; Li, R.*; Chiba, Atsuya*; Hirano, Yoshimi*; Yamada, Keisuke*; Yamamoto, Shunya*; Ishikawa, Norito; Okubo, Nariaki; et al.
Scientific Reports (Internet), 11(1), p.185_1 - 185_11, 2021/01
Times Cited Count：13 Percentile：74.32(Multidisciplinary Sciences)We report the track formation of 10 nm in diameter in silicon irradiated with 6 MeV C, i.e., much lower energy than the previously reported energy threshold.
Amekura, Hiroshi*; Li, R.*; Okubo, Nariaki; Ishikawa, Norito; Chen, F.*
Quantum Beam Science (Internet), 4(4), p.39_1 - 39_11, 2020/12
Evolution of depth profiles of the refractive index in Y
Al
O
(YAG) crystals were studied under 200 MeV Xe ion irradiation. The index changes were observed at three different depth regions; (i) a plateau near the surface between 0 and 3 
m in depth, which can be ascribed to the electronic stopping Se, (ii) a broad peak at 6 m in depth, and (iii) a sharp dip at 13 m in depth, which is attributed to the nuclear stopping Sn peak.
and amorphizable YAlO (YAG) crystalsAmekura, Hiroshi*; Li, R.*; Okubo, Nariaki; Ishikawa, Norito; Chen, F.*
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 474, p.78 - 82, 2020/07
Times Cited Count：5 Percentile：52.81(Instruments & Instrumentation)Yttrium-aluminum-garnet (YAG) and calcium fluoride (CaF) were irradiated with 200 MeV Xe ions. YAG crystal was transformed to an amorphous phase, whereas CaF shows the non-amorphizable nature. In spite of amorphization, YAG maintained its transparency, whereas CaF markedly loses it transparency showing a broad absorption band centered at 550 nm.
and 200 MeV Xe ion irradiationLi, R.*; Narumi, Kazumasa*; Chiba, Atsuya*; Hirano, Yu*; Tsuya, Daiju*; Yamamoto, Shunya*; Saito, Yuichi*; Okubo, Nariaki; Ishikawa, Norito; Pang, C.*; et al.
Nanotechnology, 31(26), p.265606_1 - 265606_9, 2020/06
Times Cited Count：6 Percentile：32.24(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)We report the elongation of embedded Au nanoparticles (NPs) in three different matrices under irradiations of 4 MeV C ions and 200 MeV Xe ions. Large elongation of Au NPs was observed for crystalline indium tin oxide (ITO) under both 4 MeV C and 200 MeV Xe irradiation. The ITO layer preserved the crystallinity even after large elongation was induced. This is the first report of the elongation of metal NPs in a crystalline matrix.
Li, R.*; Pang, C.*; Amekura, Hiroshi*; Ren, F.*; H
bner, R.*; Zhou, S.*; Ishikawa, Norito; Okubo, Nariaki; Chen, F.*
Nanotechnology, 29(42), p.424001_1 - 424001_8, 2018/10
Times Cited Count：5 Percentile：24.95(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)We report on the fabrication of reshaped Ag nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in a Nd:YAG crystal by combining Ag ion implantation and swift heavy Xe ion irradiation. The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect is proved to be efficiently modulated according to the phenomenon of polarization-dependent absorption. The LSPR peak located at 448 nm shows red shift and blue shift at 0 degree and 90 degree polarization, respectively, which is in good agreement with calculation by discrete dipole approximation. Based on the near-field intensity distribution, the interaction between reshaped NPs shows a non-ignorable effect on the optical absorption. Furthermore, the polarization-dependence of the photoluminescence (PL) intensity is analyzed, which is positively related to the modulated LSPR absorption. It demonstrates the potential of the enhancement of PL intensity by embedded plasmonic Ag NPs.
is not a prerequisite for the core/shell ion tracks or ion shapingAmekura, Hiroshi*; Kluth, P.*; Mota-Santiago, P.*; Sahlberg, I.*; Jantunen, V.*; Leino, A. A.*; Vazquez, H.*; Nordlund, K.*; Djurabekova, F.*; Okubo, Nariaki; et al.
Physical Review Materials (Internet), 2(9), p.096001_1 - 096001_10, 2018/09
Times Cited Count：10 Percentile：37.21(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)When a swift heavy ion (SHI) penetrates amorphous SiO, a core/shell (C/S) ion track is formed due to vaporization, where the ion track consists of a lower-density core and a higher-density shell. Here we reexamine this hypothesis. The MD simulations indicate that the vaporization is not induced under 50-MeV Si irradiation (
= 3 keV/nm), but the C/S tracks and the ion shaping of nanoparticles are nevertheless induced. Thus, the vaporization is not a prerequisite for the C/S tracks and the ion shaping.
Tamai, Hiroshi; Okubo, Ayako; Kimura, Yoshiki; Shinohara, Nobuo; Tazaki, Makiko; Shimizu, Ryo; Suda, Kazunori; Tomikawa, Hirofumi
Proceedings of INMM 58th Annual Meeting (Internet), 6 Pages, 2017/07
Nuclear forensics is a technical measure to analyse and collate samples of illegally used nuclear materials, etc., to clarify their origins, routes, etc. and contribute to criminal identifications. Close collaboration with police and judicial organizations is essential. The national response framework is being built up with international cooperation. Discussions on promoting technical capability and regional cooperation are presented.
Tamai, Hiroshi; Okubo, Ayako; Kimura, Yoshiki; Kokaji, Lisa; Shinohara, Nobuo; Tomikawa, Hirofumi
Dai-37-Kai Kaku Busshitsu Kanri Gakkai Nihon Shibu Nenji Taikai Rombunshu (CD-ROM), 8 Pages, 2017/02
Nuclear Forensics capability has been developed under the international collaborations. For its effective function, technical development in analysis of seized nuclear materials as well as the institutional development in comprehensive response framework are required under individual national responsibility. In order to keep the "chain of custody" in the proper operation of sample collection at the event scene, radiological analysis at the laboratory, storage of the samples, and further inspection and trial, close cooperation and information sharing between relevant organisations are essential. IAEA issues the Implementing Guide to provide the model action plan and assists individual national development. International cooperation for the technical improvement and awareness cultivation is promoted. Examples in such national developments will be introduced and prospective technical/institutional prerequisite for nuclear forensics response framework will be studied.
Oshima, Takeshi; Yokoseki, Takashi; Murata, Koichi; Matsuda, Takuma; Mitomo, Satoshi; Abe, Hiroshi; Makino, Takahiro; Onoda, Shinobu; Hijikata, Yasuto*; Tanaka, Yuki*; et al.
Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 55(1S), p.01AD01_1 - 01AD01_4, 2016/01
Times Cited Count：14 Percentile：54.58(Physics, Applied)Amekura, Hiroshi*; Kono, Kenichiro*; Okubo, Nariaki; Ishikawa, Norito
Physica Status Solidi (B), 252(1), p.165 - 169, 2015/01
Times Cited Count：10 Percentile：41.9(Physics, Condensed Matter)Zinc nanoparticles (NPs) of 10 nm in diameter were irradiated with 200 MeV Xe
ions with various fluences. The shape elongation of the NPs and the mean inter-particle (IP) distance were evaluated by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) in the transmission configuration using synchrotron X-ray of 18 keV. The azimuth angle dependence of SAXS signal, which was isotropic for unirradiated state, changed to anisotropic. It indicated that the NPs collectively deformed from spheres to spheroids.
Okubo, Ayako; Obata, Hajime*; Magara, Masaaki; Kimura, Takaumi; Ogawa, Hiroshi*
Analytica Chimica Acta, 804, p.120 - 125, 2013/12
Times Cited Count：2 Percentile：7.42(Chemistry, Analytical)This work introduces a novel method of recovery of iron hydroxide using a DIAION CR-20 chelating resin column to determine Th isotopes in seawater with a sector field (SF) inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). Thorium isotopes in seawater were coprecipitated with iron hydroxide, and this precipitate was sent to chelating resin column. The chelating column quantitatively collected 
Th with iron hydroxide in seawater at flow rates of 20-25 mL/min. Based on this flow rate, a 5 L sample was processed within 3-4 h.
Sakai, Takuro; Yasuda, Ryo; Iikura, Hiroshi; Nojima, Takehiro; Matsubayashi, Masahito; Kada, Wataru; Koka, Masashi; Sato, Takahiro; Okubo, Takeru; Ishii, Yasuyuki; et al.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 306, p.299 - 301, 2013/07
Times Cited Count：7 Percentile：49.06(Instruments & Instrumentation)Hayafune, Hiroki; Kato, Atsushi; Chikazawa, Yoshitaka; Okubo, Tsutomu; Sagawa, Hiroshi*; Shimakawa, Yoshio*
Proceedings of International Conference on Fast Reactors and Related Fuel Cycles; Safe Technologies and Sustainable Scenarios (FR-13) (USB Flash Drive), 11 Pages, 2013/03
Evaluation of earthquake and tsunami on JSFR has been analyzed. For seismic design, safety components are confirmed to maintain their functions even against recent strong earthquakes. As for Tsunami, some parts of reactor building might be submerged including component cooling water system whose final heat sink is sea water. However, in the JSFR design, safety grade components are independent from component cooling water system (CCWS). The JSFR emergency power supply adopts a gas turbine system with air cooling, since JSFR does not basically require quick start-up of the emergency power supply thanks to the natural convection DHRS. Even in case of long station blackout, the DHRS could be activated by emergency batteries or manually and be operated continuously by natural convection.
Amekura, Hiroshi*; Sele, M. L.*; Ishikawa, Norito; Okubo, Nariaki
Nanotechnology, 23(9), p.095704_1 - 095704_7, 2012/03
Times Cited Count：13 Percentile：48.8(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)The degree of shape elongation was evaluated at room temperature (RT) by two different optical methods for solid Zn and V nanoparticles. The melting of NPs is not the key factor for the recovery to the spherical shape.
Amekura, Hiroshi*; Ishikawa, Norito; Okubo, Nariaki; Nakayama, Yoshiko*; Mitsuishi, Kazuki*
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 269(23), p.2730 - 2733, 2011/12
Times Cited Count：13 Percentile：69.55(Instruments & Instrumentation)Although the mechanism of shape-elongation of nanoparticles (NPs) by swift-heavy-ion-irradiation is still under debate, melting and solidification for pico-seconds of NPs by thermal spikes has been proposed as one of the processes involved. Elongation of high melting point (MP) NPs (vanadium, 
= 1890 
C) and of low MP NPs (zinc, = 420 C) were compared under irradiation with 200 MeV Xe ions. Irrespective of the large difference in their MPs, both the V and Zn NPs showed comparable elongation. The insensitivity of elongation to the MP can be explained by the asynchronicity of melting of the silica and the NPs.
Akie, Hiroshi; Nakano, Yoshihiro; Okubo, Tsutomu
Proceedings of 19th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE-19) (CD-ROM), 10 Pages, 2011/10
Amekura, Hiroshi*; Ishikawa, Norito; Okubo, Nariaki; Ridgway, M.*; Giulian, R.*; Mitsuishi, Kazuki*; Nakayama, Yoshiko*; Buchal, C.*; Mantl, S.*; Kishimoto, Naoki*
Physical Review B, 83(20), p.205401_1 - 205401_10, 2011/05
Times Cited Count：35 Percentile：78.35(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Elongation of metal nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in silica induced by swift heavy-ion irradiation, from spheres to spheroids, has been evaluated at low fluences by linearly polarized optical absorption spectroscopy. It is important to clarify whether the high fluences, i.e., track overlaps, are essential for the elongation. Zn NPs embedded in silica were irradiated with 200-MeV Xe ions. The comparison with numerical simulation suggested that the elongation of Zn NPs was induced by nonoverlapping ion tracks.
Nakano, Yoshihiro; Fukaya, Yuji; Akie, Hiroshi; Ishikawa, Nobuyuki; Okubo, Tsutomu; Uchikawa, Sadao
JAEA-Research 2009-061, 92 Pages, 2010/03
JAEA-Research-2009-061.pdf:9.5MB
A series of research on a high conversion type innovative water reactor for flexible fuel cycle (FLWR) has been conducted. This FLWR is a boiling water reactor (BWR) with a tight triangular fuel rod lattice and the uranium plutonium mixed oxide (MOX) fuel. FLWR is designed for two types of cores to be developed in succession. The preceding core is a high conversion type FLWR (HC-FLWR) and the other core is Reduced Moderation Water Reactor (RMWR) of which the conversion ratio is more than 1.0. Three design studies and a senario study on HC-FLWR are presented in this report. The first design study is for a representative core. The second one is for a transition core from HC-FLWR to RMWR. In the transition core, both assemblies for HC-FLWR and RMWR exist. The third one is for a core to recycle minor actinides (MAs). Regarding to the scenario study, based on design results of the representative core, effective plutonium utilization in future LWR was considered within general framework.
Suyama, Kenya; Mochizuki, Hiroki*; Takada, Tomoyuki*; Ryufuku, Susumu*; Okuno, Hiroshi; Murazaki, Minoru; Okubo, Kiyoshi
JAEA-Data/Code 2009-002, 124 Pages, 2009/05
JAEA-Data-Code-2009-002.pdf:14.09MB
Integrated burnup calculation code system SWAT is a system that combines neutronics calculation code SRAC widely used in Japan and point burnup calculation code ORIGEN2. It has been used to evaluate the composition of the uranium, plutonium, minor actinide and the fission products in the spent nuclear fuel. Because of the ability to treat the arbitrary fuel geometry and no requirement of generating the effective cross section data, there is a great advantage to introduce continuous energy Monte Carlo Code into the burnup calculation code. Based on this idea, the integrated burnup calculation code system SWAT3.1 was developed by combining the continuous energy Monte Carlo code MVP and MCNP and ORIGEN2. This report describes the outline, input data instruction and several example of the calculation.
