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Nugraha, E. D.*; Hosoda, Masahiro*; Kusdiana*; Untara*; Mellawati, J.*; Nurokhim*; Tamakuma, Yuki*; Ikram, A.*; Syaifudin, M.*; Yamada, Ryohei; et al.
Scientific Reports (Internet), 11(1), p.14578_1 - 14578_16, 2021/07
Times Cited Count：19 Percentile：84.25(Multidisciplinary Sciences)Mamuju is one of the regions in Indonesia which retains natural conditions but has relatively high exposure to natural radiation. The goals of the present study were to characterize exposure of the entire Mamuju region as a high natural background radiation area (HNBRA) and to assess the existing exposure as a means for radiation protection of the public and the environment. A cross-sectional study method was used with cluster sampling areas by measuring all parameters that contribute to external and internal radiation exposures. It was determined that Mamuju was a unique HNBRA with the annual effective dose between 17 and 115 mSv, with an average of 32 mSv. The lifetime cumulative dose calculation suggested that Mamuju residents could receive as much as 2.2 Sv on average which is much higher than the average dose of atomic bomb survivors for which risks of cancer and non-cancer diseases are demonstrated. The study results are new scientific data allowing better understanding of health effects related to chronic low-dose-rate radiation exposure and they can be used as the main input in a future epidemiology study.
Hosoda, Masahiro*; Nugraha, E. D.*; Akata, Naofumi*; Yamada, Ryohei; Tamakuma, Yuki*; Sasaki, Michiya*; Kelleher, K.*; Yoshinaga, Shinji*; Suzuki, Takahito*; Rattanapongs, C. P.*; et al.
Science of the Total Environment, 750, p.142346_1 - 142346_11, 2021/01
Times Cited Count：23 Percentile：86.19(Environmental Sciences)The biological effects of low dose-rate radiation exposures on humans remains unknown. In fact, the Japanese nation still struggles with this issue after the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. Recently, we have found a unique area in Indonesia where naturally high radiation levels are present, resulting in chronic low dose-rate radiation exposures. We aimed to estimate the comprehensive dose due to internal and external exposures at the particularly high natural radiation area, and to discuss the enhancement mechanism of radon. A car-borne survey was conducted to estimate the external doses from terrestrial radiation. Indoor radon measurements were made in 47 dwellings over three to five months, covering the two typical seasons, to estimate the internal doses. Atmospheric radon gases were simultaneously collected at several heights to evaluate the vertical distribution. The absorbed dose rates in air in the study area vary widely between 50 nGy h
and 1109 nGy h. Indoor radon concentrations ranged from 124 Bq m
to 1015 Bq m. That is, the indoor radon concentrations measured exceed the reference levels of 100 Bq m recommended by the World Health Organization. Furthermore, the outdoor radon concentrations measured were comparable to the high indoor radon concentrations. The annual effective dose due to external and internal exposures in the study area was estimated to be 27 mSv using the median values. It was found that many residents are receiving radiation exposure from natural radionuclides over the dose limit for occupational exposure to radiation workers. This enhanced outdoor radon concentration might be as a result of the stable atmospheric conditions generated at an exceptionally low altitude. Our findings suggest that this area provides a unique opportunity to conduct an epidemiological study related to health effects due to chronic low dose-rate radiation exposure.
Tamakuma, Yuki*; Yamada, Ryohei; Suzuki, Takahito*; Kuroki, Tomohiro*; Saga, Rikiya*; Mizuno, Hiroyuki*; Sasaki, Hiroyuki*; Iwaoka, Kazuki*; Hosoda, Masahiro*; Tokonami, Shinji*
Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 184(3-4), p.307 - 310, 2019/10
Times Cited Count：1 Percentile：11.15(Environmental Sciences)After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, the radiation dose for first responders was not evaluated accurately due to lack of the monitoring data. It has been important to evaluate a radiation dose for workers in emergency response at a nuclear accident. In this study, a new device which can evaluate both of external and internal exposure doses was developed and the performance of various environmental radiation monitors including commercially available monitors were tested and compared from the viewpoint of an environmental monitoring at emergency situation. Background counts of the monitors and the ambient dose equivalent rate were measured in Fukushima Prefecture. The detection limit for beta particles was evaluated by the method of ISO11929. The sensitivity for gamma-rays of the dust monitor using a ZnS(Ag) and a plastic scintillator was high, but that of the external exposure monitor using a silicon photodiode with CsI(Tl) crystal was relatively low. The detection limit ranged 190-280 Bq m at 100 
Sv h, exceeding the detection limit of 100 Bq m in the minimum requirement by the National Regulation Authority in Japan. Use of the shielding with lead is necessary to achieve the minimum requirement. These results indicate that the dust monitor using a ZnS(Ag) scintillator and a plastic scintillator is suitable for the external exposure monitor and the developed internal exposure monitor is for the internal exposure monitor at emergency situation among the evaluated monitors. In the future study, the counting efficiency, the relative uncertainty and the performance of the detection for alpha particles will be evaluated, and it will be considered which type of a monitor is suitable after taking the portability into account.
Hasegawa, Noboru; Ochi, Yoshihiro; Kawachi, Tetsuya; Nishikino, Masaharu; Ishino, Masahiko; Imazono, Takashi; Kaihori, Takeshi; Morita, Toshimasa; Sasaki, Akira; Terakawa, Kota*; et al.
X-Ray Lasers 2012; Springer Proceedings in Physics, Vol.147, p.117 - 120, 2014/00
Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)We have developed the femto-second laser pump and soft X-ray laser probe system in order to observe the dynamical processes of the femto-second laser ablation. By using this system, we succeed to obtain the temporal evolution of the soft X-ray reflectivity from the laser induced Pt surface. The results lead that the rate of decrease in the reflectivity of the probe beam has a non-linear relation with the pump laser fluence.
Tsuda, Shuichi; Sato, Tatsuhiko; Takahashi, Fumiaki; Satoh, Daiki; Sasaki, Shinichi*; Namito, Yoshihito*; Iwase, Hiroshi*; Ban, Shuichi*; Takada, Masashi*
Journal of Radiation Research, 53(2), p.264 - 271, 2012/04
Times Cited Count：14 Percentile：55.77(Biology)Deposit energy distribution in microscopic site is basic information for understanding of biological effects of energetic heavy ion beams. To estimate RBE, lineal energy, 
, can be an appropriate physical index. In this work, a wall-less tissue equivalent proportional counter has been designed and used for the measurement of distributions, 
(), for 160 MeV H, 150 MeV/u He, 290 MeV/u C, 490 MeV/u Si and 500 MeV/u Ar. Data of () were also obtained in the wide range of LET. The dose-means of , 
, were compared with those calculated by the microdosimetric function of PHITS. It is found that the calculated () and agree fairly well with those measured. The values of are larger than those of LET less than 
10 keV/m because of the discrete energy deposition by delta rays, while the relation is reversed above 10 keV/m. The results indicate that care should be taken in the difference between and LET when the values of RBE of energetic heavy ions are estimated.
Imaizumi, Tomomi; Miyauchi, Masaru; Ito, Masayasu; Watahiki, Shunsuke; Nagata, Hiroshi; Hanakawa, Hiroki; Naka, Michihiro; Kawamata, Kazuo; Yamaura, Takayuki; Ide, Hiroshi; et al.
JAEA-Technology 2011-031, 123 Pages, 2012/01
JAEA-Technology-2011-031.pdf:16.08MB
The number of research reactors in the world is decreasing because of their aging. However, the planning to introduce the nuclear power plants is increasing in Asian countries. In these Asian countries, the key issue is the human resource development for operation and management of nuclear power plants after constructed them, and also the necessity of research reactor, which is used for lifetime extension of LWRs, progress of the science and technology, expansion of industry use, human resources training and so on, is increasing. From above backgrounds, the Neutron Irradiation and Testing Reactor Center began to discuss basic concept of a multipurpose low-power research reactor for education and training, etc. This design study is expected to contribute not only to design tool improvement and human resources development in the Neutron Irradiation and Testing Reactor Center but also to maintain and upgrade the technology on research reactors in nuclear power-related companies. This report treats the activities of the working group from July 2010 to June 2011 on the multipurpose low-power research reactor in the Neutron Irradiation and Testing Reactor Center and nuclear power-related companies.
Tsuda, Shuichi; Sato, Tatsuhiko; Takahashi, Fumiaki; Satoh, Daiki; Sasaki, Shinichi*; Namito, Yoshihito*; Iwase, Hiroshi*; Ban, Shuichi*; Takada, Masashi*
KEK Proceedings 2011-8, p.100 - 108, 2011/12
Deposit energy distribution in microscopic site is basic information for understanding of biological effects of energetic heavy ion beams. To estimate RBE, lineal energy, y, can be an appropriate physical index. In this work, a wall-less tissue equivalent proportional counter has been designed and used for the measurement of y distributions, 
, for 160 MeV H, 150 MeV/u He and 490 MeV/u Si ion beams. Data of and the dose-means of , 
, were compared with those calculated by the microdosimetric function of PHITS. It is found that the calculated and agree fairly well with those measured, as well as the already reported result of 290 MeV/u carbon beam.
Tsuda, Shuichi; Sato, Tatsuhiko; Satoh, Daiki; Takahashi, Fumiaki; Sasaki, Shinichi*; Namito, Yoshihito*; Sanami, Toshiya*; Saito, Kiwamu*; Takada, Masashi*
HIMAC-136, p.219 - 220, 2011/11
Measurements of lineal energy distribution were employed using 160 MeV proton and 490 MeV/u Si. The calculated by PHITS and agree fairly well with those measured. The LET dependence of was obtained from 3 to 300 keV/um in this project.
Hasegawa, Noboru; Ochi, Yoshihiro; Kawachi, Tetsuya; Nishikino, Masaharu; Ishino, Masahiko; Imazono, Takashi; Kaihori, Takeshi; Sasaki, Akira; Terakawa, Kota*; Minami, Yasuo*; et al.
Proceedings of SPIE, Vol.8140, p.81400G_1 - 81400G_8, 2011/10
Times Cited Count：3 Percentile：82.2(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)We have developed a soft X-ray laser (SXRL) interferometer capable of the single-shot imaging of nano-scaled structure dynamics. The interferometer consisted of the reflection optics including double Lloyd's mirrors and focusing optics, and the interference fringes are produced on the detector surface. By using this interferometer, the initial stage (50 ps) of the ablation process of the Pt surface pumped by a 70 fs Ti:Sapphire laser pulse was observed. The expansion speed of the surface estimated from the result (34 nm/50 ps) indicated that the nano-bubble structures were formed in the initial stage of the ablation. In order to observe the detailed dynamics, the temporal synchronization between the pump and probe pulses was improved to be 3 ps by adopting a portion of the SXRL and pump beams as the time fiducials, to which the pump and probe timing was adjusted by using the X-ray streak camera.
carbon beamTsuda, Shuichi; Sato, Tatsuhiko; Takahashi, Fumiaki; Satoh, Daiki; Endo, Akira; Sasaki, Shinichi*; Namito, Yoshihito*; Iwase, Hiroshi*; Ban, Shuichi*; Takada, Masashi*
Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 143(2-4), p.450 - 454, 2011/02
Times Cited Count：5 Percentile：38.65(Environmental Sciences)A wall-less tissue equivalent proportional counter, wall-less TEPC, has been designed and used for the measurement of the y distributions for energetic heavy ions in order to verify a biological dose calculation model incorporated in the PHITS code. It is found that the dose-mean value of y obtained by the wall-less TEPC is 50 - 60% of the LET of the argon ions in water, since the delta-rays with relatively low y can be measured.
C beamTsuda, Shuichi; Sato, Tatsuhiko; Takahashi, Fumiaki; Satoh, Daiki; Endo, Akira; Sasaki, Shinichi*; Namito, Yoshihito*; Iwase, Hiroshi*; Ban, Shuichi*; Takada, Masashi*
Physics in Medicine & Biology, 55(17), p.5089 - 5101, 2010/09
Times Cited Count：24 Percentile：60.77(Engineering, Biomedical)The frequency distribution of the lineal energy of 290 MeV/u carbon beam was measured using a wall-less tissue equivalent proportional counter (wall-less TEPC) in a cylindrical volume with simulated diameter 0.72 m in verifying the accuracy of a dose calculation model. The measured lineal energy distribution as well as its dose-mean value agreed fairly well with the corresponding data from microdosimetric calculations using the PHITS code within the experimental uncertainty. It is found that a wall-less TEPC is needed to measure the precise energy deposition spectra of the delta rays produced secondarily by energetic heavy ion beams. The measured data also indicate that more than 11% of the energy escaped from the path of the trajectory of the carbon beam.
Tsuda, Shuichi; Sato, Tatsuhiko; Satoh, Daiki; Takahashi, Fumiaki; Endo, Akira; Sasaki, Shinichi*; Namito, Yoshihito*; Sanami, Toshiya*; Saito, Kiwamu*; Takada, Masashi*
HIMAC-134 (CD-ROM), p.227 - 228, 2010/06
no abstracts in English
Tsuda, Shuichi; Sato, Tatsuhiko; Takahashi, Fumiaki; Satoh, Daiki; Endo, Akira; Sasaki, Shinichi*; Namito, Yoshihito*; Iwase, Hiroshi*; Ban, Shuichi*; Takada, Masashi*
KEK Proceedings 2009-12, p.36 - 44, 2010/01
Knowledge of energy deposition at micrometer dimensions along heavy ion tracks is essential to understand the biological effects of radiation. Wall-less tissue equivalent proportional counter (wall-less TEPC) was produced for the purpose of measurement of lineal energy distribution including secondary-produced high-energy electrons, delta-rays. The measurement using the wall-less TEPC was performed at Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator at NIRS, Japan. It is found that lineal energy distributions could be measured for primary carbon beam with energy of 400MeV per nucleon and delta-rays. Detail of the experiment, energy calibration and estimation of delta-rays production will be presented.
Tsuda, Shuichi; Sato, Tatsuhiko; Iwase, Hiroshi*; Namito, Yoshihito*; Sasaki, Shinichi*
KEK Proceedings 2009-6, p.90 - 95, 2009/11
Deposit energy distributions of secondary high-energy electrons, delta-rays, have been calculated in a wall/wall-less tissue equivalent proportional counter, TEPC, using Monte Carlo simulation code EGS5. It is found that wall-less TEPCs are indispensable for lineal energy distribution in tissue equivalent gas irradiated by energetic heavy ion beams.
Tsuda, Shuichi; Sato, Tatsuhiko; Satoh, Daiki; Takahashi, Fumiaki; Endo, Akira; Sasaki, Shinichi*; Namito, Yoshihito*; Sanami, Toshiya*; Saito, Kiwamu*; Takada, Masashi*
NIRS-M-226, HIMAC-132, p.264 - 265, 2009/06
A wall-less tissue equivalent proportional counter was designed and applied to measuring deposit energy distribution of heavy ion beams, including the contribution of delta-rays produced along heavy ion tracks. Lineal energy distributions were obtained for 400 MeV/u carbon and 490 MeV/u silicon beams.
Nishihara, Katsunobu*; Sunahara, Atsushi*; Sasaki, Akira; Nunami, Masanori*; Tanuma, Hajime*; Fujioka, Shinsuke*; Shimada, Yoshinori*; Fujima, Kazumi*; Furukawa, Hiroyuki*; Kato, Takako*; et al.
Physics of Plasmas, 15(5), p.056708_1 - 056708_11, 2008/00
Times Cited Count：122 Percentile：97.46(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)Kato, Yoshiaki; Daido, Hiroyuki; Nagashima, Keisuke; Kawachi, Tetsuya; Hasegawa, Noboru; Tanaka, Momoko; Tang, H.; Tai, R.; Lu, P.; Kishimoto, Maki; et al.
AIP Conference Proceedings 641, p.31 - 39, 2002/00
no abstracts in English
Oka, Kiyoshi; Tada, Eisuke; Kimura, Seiichiro*; Ogawa, Tadashi*; Sasaki, Nami*
High-power Lasers in Manufacturing (Proceedings of SPIE Vol.3888), p.702 - 709, 1999/11
no abstracts in English
Yoshizawa, Yuji*; Kai, Michiaki*; Okoshi, Minoru; Kato, Tomoko; Yamaguchi, Tetsuji; Sasaki, Takayuki*; Hattori, Takatoshi*; Miyazaki, Shinichiro*; Higuchi, Natsuko*; Tokonami, Shinji*; et al.
no journal, ,
no abstracts in English
Tsuda, Shuichi; Sato, Tatsuhiko; Endo, Akira; Satoh, Daiki; Takahashi, Fumiaki; Sasaki, Shinichi*; Namito, Yoshihito*; Iwase, Hiroshi*; Ban, Shuichi*; Takada, Masashi*
no journal, ,
Energy deposition of secondary charged particles produced in tissue irradiated by heavy ion beams is important information in order to evaluate biological effects of cells. In this study a wall-less tissue equivalent proportional counter (wall-less TEPC) was designed and its performance tests have been carried out using checking sources such as a Cm-244 
source. It is found that the wall-less TEPC can be used in measurements of energy deposition in tissue irradiated by heavy ion beams, based on measurements of gas gain in tissue equivalent gas and lineal energy distributions.
