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Journal Articles

Corrosion test of HTGR graphite with SiC coating

Chikhray, Y.*; Kulsartov, T.*; Shestakov, V.*; Kenzhina, I.*; Askerbekov, S.*; Sumita, Junya; Ueta, Shohei; Shibata, Taiju; Sakaba, Nariaki; Abdullin, Kh.*; et al.

Proceedings of 8th International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology (HTR 2016) (CD-ROM), p.572 - 577, 2016/11

Application of SiC as corrosion-resistive coating over graphite remains important task for HTGR. This study presents the results of chemical interaction of the SiC gradient coating over the high-density IG-110 graphite with water vapor in the temperature up to 1673 K. The experiments at 100 Pa of water vapor showed that the passive reaction caused to form SiO$$_{2}$$ film on the surface of SiC coating. Active corrosion of SiC in 1Pa of water vapor leads to deposits of various carbon composites on its surface.

Journal Articles

Tritium accumulation and release from Li$$_{2}$$TiO$$_{3}$$ during long-term irradiation in the WWR-K reactor

Tazhibayeva, I.*; Beckman, I.*; Shestakov, V.*; Kulsartov, T.*; Chikhray, E.*; Kenzhin, E.*; Kuykabaeva, A.*; Kawamura, Hiroshi; Tsuchiya, Kunihiko

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 417(1-3), p.748 - 752, 2011/10

 Times Cited Count:16 Percentile:75.9(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

For the first time the data was obtained on tritium release from $$^{6}$$Li-enriched (96%) lithium metatitanate under high lithium burn-up (up to 23%). Proposed mathematics and software of the reactor experiments allowed to interpret the experimental results of tritium release study. Tritium was continuously generated as a result of the nuclear reaction of lithium-6 and thermal neutrons under variable thermal impacts (graduated heating and cooling) on lithium metatitanate Li$$_{2}$$TiO$$_{3}$$. Main gas release parameters were calculated in order to assess acceptability of the use of lithium metatitanate granules in tritium breeders; the parameters are as follows: gas release rate, tritium retention in the materials, retention time, activation energy of thermal desorption HT, activation energy of volume diffusion T$$^{+}$$, as well as corresponding pre-exponential (frequency) indexes. It was discovered that the tritium release process is mainly controlled by tritium volume diffusion, however, capture of tritium by the point defects and tritium molization at the material's surface played the certain role in the process as well. It was discovered that as lithium is burnt-up, the activation energy of tritium release decreases and tends to a constant value under high lithium-6 burn-up.

Journal Articles

Study of Li$$_{2}$$TiO$$_{3}$$ + 5 mol% TiO$$_{2}$$ lithium ceramics after long-term neutron irradiation

Chikhray, Y.*; Shestakov, V.*; Maksimkin, O.*; Turubarova, L.*; Osipov, I.*; Kulsartov, T.*; Kuykabayeba, A.*; Tazhibayeva, I.*; Kawamura, Hiroshi; Tsuchiya, Kunihiko

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 386?388, p.286 - 289, 2009/04

 Times Cited Count:17 Percentile:76.39(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

The PIE (Post Irradiation Examinations) results of Li$$_{2}$$TiO$$_{3}$$ pebbles added with 5 mol% TiO$$_{2}$$ after the long-term irradiation tests are described in this paper. 96 at% $$^{6}$$Li-enriched Li$$_{2}$$TiO$$_{3}$$ pebbles were prepared as the irradiation specimens and these specimens were irradiated during 223 days at the reactor power of 6 MWt in the WWR-K of NNC-RK. After neutron irradiation, light-colored pebbles became gray-colored due to structure changes which generation of gray-colored inclusions with low density and microhardness. Crystal structure of the pebbles after the irradiation test were changed from the results of X-ray diffraction measurement. The value of maximum permissible load (pebble crash limit) at that was also low. The residual tritium in the pebbles was measured after the irradiation test.

Journal Articles

Tritium generation in lithium ceramics Li$$_{2}$$TiO$$_{3}$$ for fusion reactor blanket

Tazhibayeva, I. L.*; Kenzhin, E. A.*; Kulsartov, T. V.*; Kuykabayeva, A. A.*; Shestakov, V.*; Chikhray, E.*; Gizatulin, S.*; Maksimkin, O. P.*; Beckman, I. N.*; Kawamura, Hiroshi; et al.

Questions of Atomic Science and Technology, 2, p.3 - 11, 2008/00

Lithium titanate (Li$$_{2}$$TiO$$_{3}$$) was chosen as a tentative reference material from viewpoints of good tritium recovery at low temperatures and of low tritium inventory and chemical stability for the breeding blanket in fusion reactors. The results of the irradiation tests of Li$$_{2}$$TiO$$_{3}$$ in the WWR-K of NNC-RK are described in this paper. 96at% $$^{6}$$Li-enriched Li$$_{2}$$TiO$$_{3}$$ pebbles and disks were prepared as the irradiation specimens and these specimens were irradiated during 220 days (5350 hours) at the reactor power of 6 MWt. Tritium release was measured continuously during irradiation tests and tritium release properties were evaluated. The mechanics describing generation and release of tritium from the irradiated Li$$_{2}$$TiO$$_{3}$$ were analyzed. There was estimated tritium loss due to recoil energy and binding of tritium in HTO, and there was calculated stationary tritium release due to diffusion under constant temperature and under thermal cycling.

Journal Articles

Structure, composition and properties of lithium ceramic Li$$_{2}$$TiO$$_{3}$$+5% mole TiO$$_{2}$$ irradiated in WWR-K reactor for solid ceramic blanket of fusion reactor

Tazhibayeva, I. L.*; Kulsartov, T.*; Kenzhin, E. A.*; Maksimkin, O. P.*; Doronina, T. A.*; Silnyagina, N. S.*; Turubarova, L. G.*; Tsai, K. V.*; Zheltov, D. A.*; Kashirskiy, V. V.*; et al.

Questions of Atomic Science and Technology; Series the Thermonuclear Fusion, 1, p.3 - 11, 2008/00

The paper contains and analyzes the results of integrated material studies of lithium ceramic Li$$_{2}$$TiO$$_{3}$$ + 5% mole TiO$$_{2}$$ irradiated in reactor WWR-K during 5,350 hours under controlled conditions taking into account effects of tritium generated in the course of irradiation. The changes in density, microstructure, phase and chemical composition, strength and microhardness were studies; lithium burn-up level and tritium residual content were defined. The significant influence of radiation-thermal impacts on structure and properties of ceramic samples were observed. It was shown that irradiation resulted in lithium ceramics softening, at that this effect depended on irradiation temperature. It was discovered the radiation change of phase composition of lithium ceramic.

Journal Articles

In-pile tritium permeation through F82H steel with and without a ceramic coating of Cr$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$-SiO$$_{2}$$ Including CrPO$$_{4}$$

Nakamichi, Masaru; Kulsartov, T. V.*; Hayashi, Kimio; Afanasyev, S. E.*; Shestakov, V. P.*; Chikhray, Y. V.*; Kenzhin, E. A.*; Kolbaenkov, A. N.*

Fusion Engineering and Design, 82(15-24), p.2246 - 2251, 2007/10

 Times Cited Count:25 Percentile:83.37(Nuclear Science & Technology)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Use of WWR-K reactor for long-term trials of lithium ceramic Li$$_{2}$$TiO$$_{3}$$ for fusion reactor blanket

Tazhibayeva, I. L.*; Kenzhin, E. A.*; Chachrov, P. V.*; Arinkin, F. M.*; Gasatulin, Sh. Kh.*; Bekamukhabetov, E. S.*; Shestakov, V. P.*; Chikhray, E. V.*; Kulsartov, T. V.*; Kuykabaeva, A. A.*; et al.

Questions of Atomic Science and Technology; Series the Thermonuclear Fusion, 2, p.3 - 10, 2007/00

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Investigation of hydrogen isotope permeation through F82H steel with and without a ceramic coating of Cr$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$-SiO$$_{2}$$ including CrPO$$_{4}$$, Out-of-pile tests

Kulsartov, T. V.*; Hayashi, Kimio; Nakamichi, Masaru*; Afanasyev, S. E.*; Shestakov, V. P.*; Chikhray, Y. V.*; Kenzhin, E. A.*; Kolbaenkov, A. N.*

Fusion Engineering and Design, 81(1-7), p.701 - 705, 2006/02

 Times Cited Count:40 Percentile:92.5(Nuclear Science & Technology)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Present status of beryllide R&D as neutron multiplier

Kawamura, Hiroshi; Takahashi, Heishichiro*; Yoshida, Naoaki*; Mishima, Yoshinao*; Ishida, Kiyohito*; Iwadachi, Takaharu*; Cardella, A.*; Van der Laan, J. G.*; Uchida, Munenori*; Munakata, Kenzo*; et al.

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 329-333(1), p.112 - 118, 2004/08

 Times Cited Count:32 Percentile:87.62(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Development of innovative light refractory materials using beryllide for gas turbine

Iwadachi, Takaharu*; Uchida, Munenori*; Mishima, Yoshinao*; Fujita, Akitsugu*; Kawamura, Hiroshi; Shestakov, V.*; Miyakawa, Masaru*

JAERI-Conf 2004-006, p.196 - 202, 2004/03

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Compatibility between Be$$_{12}$$Ti and SS316LN

Kawamura, Hiroshi; Uchida, Munenori*; Shestakov, V.*

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 307-311(Part1), p.638 - 642, 2002/12

 Times Cited Count:19 Percentile:74.85(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Application of beryllium intermetallic compounds to neutron multiplier of fusion blanket

Kawamura, Hiroshi; Takahashi, Heishichiro*; Yoshida, Naoaki*; Shestakov, V.*; Ito, Yoshio*; Uchida, Munenori*; Yamada, Hirokazu*; Nakamichi, Masaru; Ishitsuka, Etsuo

Fusion Engineering and Design, 61-62, p.391 - 397, 2002/11

 Times Cited Count:36 Percentile:89.22(Nuclear Science & Technology)

no abstracts in English

Oral presentation

Main results of long-term high lithium burn-up irradiation test in Li$$_{2}$$TiO$$_{3}$$ and Li$$_{2}$$TiO$$_{3}$$ + 5mol% TiO$$_{2}$$ ceramics for solid breeding blanket

Tazhibayeva, I.*; Kenzhin, E. A.*; Kulsartov, T.*; Beckman, I.*; Chikhray, E.*; Shestakov, V. P.*; Kuykabaeva, A.*; Maksimkin, O.*; Kawamura, Hiroshi; Tsuchiya, Kunihiko

no journal, , 

The paper contains the results of the integrated material study of lithium ceramics Li$$_{2}$$TiO$$_{3}$$ and Li$$_{2}$$TiO$$_{3}$$ + 5mol% TiO$$_{2}$$ enriched by $$^{6}$$Li (up to 96%). The ceramics were irradiated in the WWR-K reactor during 5350 hours under the temperature range of 400-900$$^{circ}$$С with ${it in situ}$ study of tritium generated during irradiation. The post-radiation studies allowed to determine quantity of residual tritium, degree of lithium burn-up, strength characteristics of lithium ceramic with the lithium burn-up up to 20-23%, ceramic density, changes in the sample microstructure, heat characteristic of the ceramics and their changes due to neutron irradiation, changes of element and phase composition of the samples, and the parameters of tritium release from lithium ceramics. It was showed that the ceramic samples irradiated under lower temperature are characterized by sufficiently small degree of $$^{6}$$Li burn-up. It was established that irradiation resulted in softening of lithium ceramic; at that the effect is more prominent for lower irradiation temperatures. The quantity of tritium released during a reactor's campaign is somewhat increasing with increase of a campaign's number, but quantity of tritium released from lithium titanate per hour doesn't depend on duration of irradiation. Thus, despite of lithium burn-up, tritium flow from lithium titanate isn't changed during long-term irradiation since reduction of the strength of the tritium source (due to lithium burn-up) is compensated by increase in mobility of tritium in defect lattice. The obtained results showed that a breeder on the basis of $$^{6}$$Li-enriched lithium titanate can be a permanent source of tritium during one year of reactor operation at least.

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