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Journal Articles

Morphological reproductive characteristics of testes and fertilization capacity of cryopreserved sperm after the Fukushima accident in raccoon (${it Procyon lotor}$)

Komatsu, Kazuki*; Iwasaki, Tsugumi*; Murata, Kosuke*; Yamashiro, Hideaki*; Goh, V. S. T.*; Nakayama, Ryo*; Fujishima, Yohei*; Ono, Takumi*; Kino, Yasushi*; Shimizu, Yoshinaka*; et al.

Reproduction in Domestic Animals, 56(3), p.484 - 497, 2021/03

 Times Cited Count:9 Percentile:88.06(Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science)

We have established an archive system of livestock and wild animals from the surrounding ex-evacuation zone. Wildlife within the alert zone have been exposed to low-dose-rate (LDR) radiation for a long and continuous time. In this study, we analysed the morphological characteristics of the testes and in vitro fertilization (IVF) capacity of cryopreserved sperm of raccoons from the ex-evacuation zone of the FDNPP accident. This study revealed that the chronic and LDR radiation exposure associated with the FDNPP accident had no adverse effect on the reproductive characteristics and functions of male raccoons.

Journal Articles

Alternative splicing in human transcriptome; Functional and structural influence on proteins

Yura, Kei; Shionyu, Masafumi*; Hagino, Kei*; Hijikata, Atsushi*; Hirashima, Yoshinori*; Nakahara, Taku*; Eguchi, Tatsuya*; Shinoda, Kazuki*; Yamaguchi, Akihiro*; Takahashi, Kenichi*; et al.

Gene, 380(2), p.63 - 71, 2006/10

 Times Cited Count:55 Percentile:72.39(Genetics & Heredity)

Alternative splicing is a molecular mechanism that produces multiple proteins from a single gene, and is thought to produce variety in proteins translated from a limited number of genes. Here we analyzed how alternative splicing produced variety in protein structure and function, by using human full-length cDNAs, on the assumption that all of the alternatively spliced mRNAs were translated to proteins. We found that the length of alternatively spliced amino acid sequences, in most cases, fell into a size shorter than that of average protein domain. We evaluated comprehensively the presumptive three-dimensional structures of the alternatively spliced products to assess the impact of alternative splicing on gene function. We found that more than half of the products encoded proteins which were involved in signal transduction, transcription and translation, and more than half of alternatively spliced regions comprised interaction sites between proteins and their binding partners, including substrates, DNA/RNA, and other proteins. Intriguingly, 67% of the alternatively spliced isoforms showed significant alterations to regions of the protein structural core, which likely resulted in large conformational change. Based on those findings, we speculate that there are a large number of cases that alternative splicing modulates protein networks through significant alteration in protein conformation.

Oral presentation

Systematic detection of protein regions affected by alternative splicing

Shionyu, Masafumi*; Yura, Kei; Hijikata, Atsushi*; Nakahara, Taku*; Shinoda, Kazuki*; Yamaguchi, Akihiro*; Takahashi, Kenichi*; Go, Michiko*

no journal, , 

Alternative splicing (AS) is a cellular process where multiple mature mRNAs are produced from a single gene by different usage of exons. From computational and experimental approaches, it is estimated that 30-70% of human genes undergo alternative splicing. There are a number of reports on spliced mRNAs involved in biological processes, yet functional analyses of a large number of proteins produced by AS remain to be performed. Functional analyses of these proteins by experiments are time-consuming, and therefore, a computational approach that can estimate effect of AS on proteins is required. We have developed a pipeline that can systematically detect AS regions, which are defined as protein regions modified by alternatively spliced exon, using genomic sequences and full-length transcripts data. The pipeline further assigned AS regions to protein three-dimensional structures and can estimate effects of AS on protein conformation stability and functional sites. We analyzed human AS regions using our pipeline and found that about half of AS regions fell into a size shorter than 100 amino acid residues. We, then, assessed the relationship between AS regions and protein structural domains and found that about 40% of AS regions were placed within a domain and the ratio of AS regions corresponding to domains was only about 10%. This result suggests that AS regulates protein function through alteration of segments within a domain rather than through switching protein domains. We will discuss how AS regulates protein function through alteration of segments within a domain.

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