Burial environment of bronze artifacts and behavior of bronze metal components at Yanagisawa archaeological site in Nagano Prefecture

Mitsui, Seiichiro; Murakami, Ryu*; Ueda, Norio*; Hirabayashi, Akira*; Hirota, Kazuho*

Bunkazai Kagaku, (77), p.1 - 14, 2018/10

Well-preserved bronze artifacts comprising five bells and eight halberds from the Yayoi Period were excavated at the Yanagisawa archaeological site in Nakano City, Nagano Prefecture in 2007. Comprehensive analysis of soil and groundwater samples at the site was carried out and geochemical calculations were made to better understand the local conditions that led to the artifacts being so well preserved. Analysis of the soil surface adjacent to the bronze artifacts identified cuprite (CuO) as the main corrosion product. Migration behavior of the bronze metal components, copper, tin, and lead, both inside and outside of the burial pit, was also investigated. Copper and lead had migrated 2 m from the burial pit, whereas tin was confined to the immediate vicinity of the bronze artifacts. The difference in migration behavior of these elements can be explained in terms of the chemical stability of the solid phases. The main factor contributing to the well-preserved state of the bronze artifacts was the tin content, which is thought to have formed a protective layer of cassiterite (SnO) on the outer surface of the bronze artifacts.

Progress in the geological disposal program in Japan

Deguchi, Akira*; Umeki, Hiroyuki*; Ueda, Hiroyoshi*; Miyamoto, Yoichi; Shibata, Masahiro; Naito, Morimasa; Tanaka, Toshihiko*

LBNL-1006984 (Internet), p.12_1 - 12_22, 2016/12

https://doi.org/10.2172/1353043

The H12 report demonstrated the feasibility of safe and technically reliable geological disposal in 1999. The Government of Japan re-evaluated the geological disposal program in terms of technical feasibility based on state-of-the-art geosciences and implementation process, because more than 10 years have passed from H12 and the Great Earthquake and nuclear accident have increased public concern regarding nuclear issues and natural hazards to cause accidents at nuclear facilities. Following the re-evaluation, the Government concluded further to promote geological disposal program, and thus the Basic Policy for Final Disposal was revised in 2015 including a new approach to siting process with identification of "Scientifically Preferable Areas". NUMO and relevant research organizations such as JAEA have been carrying out R and D activities to increase technical reliability for geological disposal. NUMO has started to develop a generic safety case.

Progress of divertor simulation research toward the realization of detached plasma using a large tandem mirror device

Nakashima, Yosuke*; Takeda, Hisahito*; Ichimura, Kazuya*; Hosoi, Katsuhiro*; Oki, Kensuke*; Sakamoto, Mizuki*; Hirata, Mafumi*; Ichimura, Makoto*; Ikezoe, Ryuya*; Imai, Tsuyoshi*; et al.

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 463, p.537 - 540, 2015/08

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.12.063

Sorption behavior of nickel and palladium in the presence of NH(aq)/NH

Kobayashi, Taishi*; Sasaki, Takayuki*; Ueda, Kenyo*; Kitamura, Akira

Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Vol.1518, p.231 - 236, 2013/10

https://doi.org/10.1557/opl.2013.74

For the nuclear waste management of TRU waste, it is necessary to assess the impact of nitrate salts contained in the waste. In the present study, the sorption behavior of Ni and Pd on the pumice tuff was investigated in the presence of NH(aq)/NH. Under different NH(aq)/NH concentration, pH and ionic strength conditions, distribution coefficient () of Ni and Pd on the pumice tuff was determined by batch experiment. For Ni system, the values showed no significant dependence on the initial NH concentration in neutral pH region, agrees with the prediction from thermodynamic data. For Pd system, the values decreased with an increase of [NH]ini, suggesting the formation of stable ammine complex (Pd(NH) (: 1 - 4)). The obtained values for Ni and Pd were analyzed using the surface complexation model. By taking complexes predicted by thermodynamic data into account, the sorption behavior of Ni and Pd in the presence of NH(aq)/NH were well explained.

Burial environment of bronze halberds and bells excavated from Yanagisawa archaeological site in Nagano Prefecture

Murakami, Ryu*; Mitsui, Seiichiro; Hirabayashi, Akira*; Ueda, Norio*

Nihon Bunkazai Kagakkai Dai-26-Kai Taikai Kenkyu Happyo Yoshishu, p.108 - 109, 2009/07

Bronze halberds and bells in the Yayoi Period have been excavated from Yanagisawa archaeological site in Nakano City, Nagano Prefecture. This is the first case which both the artifacts were coincidentally excavated in eastern Japan and is important archaeological discovery. To identify the reason of good preservation of the artifacts, we analyzed soil and groundwater at the site as burial conditions. We also investigated migration behavior of copper, lead and tin as metal components derived from the artifacts in the surrounding soil. The results indicate that the preservation of the artifacts depends on the burial environment. In addition, we found that copper and lead migrated to the position of two meters from the pit buried the artifacts.

Plasma physics and radiation hydrodynamics in developing an extreme ultraviolet light source for lithography

Nishihara, Katsunobu*; Sunahara, Atsushi*; Sasaki, Akira; Nunami, Masanori*; Tanuma, Hajime*; Fujioka, Shinsuke*; Shimada, Yoshinori*; Fujima, Kazumi*; Furukawa, Hiroyuki*; Kato, Takako*; et al.

Physics of Plasmas, 15(5), p.056708_1 - 056708_11, 2008/00

https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2907154

Spiral spin structure in the Heisenberg pyrochlore magnet CdCrO

Matsuda, Masaaki; Takeda, Masayasu; Nakamura, Mitsutaka; Kakurai, Kazuhisa; Osawa, Akira*; Lelivre-Berna, E.*; Chung, J.-H.*; Ueda, Hiroaki*; Takagi, Hidenori*; Lee, S.-H.*

Physical Review B, 75(10), p.104415_1 - 104415_6, 2007/03

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.75.104415

A frustrated spinel CdCrO undergoes a three-dimensional spin-Peierls transition at = 7.8 K from a cubic paramagnetic to a tetragonal Nel state. The Nel state has a spiral magnetic structure with a characteristic wave vector of when the axis elongated. Here we report our spherical neutron polarimetry experiments to investigate the spiral spin structure in detail. Our results indicate that the spins lie in the plane perpendicular to the direction of the spiral modulation. We also found that the spiral structure in the plane is elliptical with the -component larger by 24% than the -component, suggesting a strong coupling between the magnetic structure and structural distortion. Unpolarized neutron diffraction under an external magnetic field has also been performed. The magnetic field dependence suggests existence of magnetic anisotropy in the Nel state, which is consistent with our previous inelastic studies.

Rhemium-186-monoaminemonoamidedithiol-conjugated bisphosphonate derivatives for bone pain palliation

Ogawa, Kazuma*; Mukai, Takahiro*; Arano, Yasushi*; Otaka, Akira*; Ueda, Masashi*; Uehara, Tomoya*; Magata, Yasuhiro*; Hashimoto, Kazuyuki; Saji, Hideo*

Nuclear Medicine and Biology, 33(4), p.513 - 520, 2006/05

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2006.03.006

To develop a radiopharmaceutical for the palliation of painful bone metastases based on the concept of bifunctional radiopharmaceuticals, we synthesized a bisphosphonate derivative labeled with rhenium-186 (Re) that contains a hydroxyl group at the central carbon of its bisphosphonate structure and attached a stable Re-MAMA chelate to the amino group of a 4-amino-butylidene-bisphosphonate derivative, Re-MAMA-HBP, and investigated the effect of a hydroxyl group at the central carbon of its bisphosphonate structure on the affinity for hydroxyapatite and biodistribution by conducting a comparative study with Re-MAMA-BP. Re-MAMA-HBP was prepared by a reaction with ReO and SnCl in citrate buffer after the deprotection of trityl groups of Tr-MAMA-HBP. After reversed phase HPLC, Re-MAMA-HBP had a radiochemical purity of over 95 %. Compared with Re-MAMA-BP, Re-MAMA-HBP showed a greater affinity for hydroxyapatite beads in vitro and accumulated a significantly higher level in the femur in vivo. Thus, the introduction of a hydroxyl group into Re complex-conjugated bisphosphonates would be effective in enhancing accumulation in bone. These findings provide useful information on the design of bone-seeking therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals.

Electronic properties of transuranium compounds with HoCoGa-type tetragonal crystal structure

Maehira, Takahiro*; Hotta, Takashi; Ueda, Kazuo*; Hasegawa, Akira*

New Journal of Physics (Internet), 8(2), p.24_1 - 24_20, 2006/02

https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/8/2/024

By using a relativistic band-structrue calculation method, we investigate energy band structures and the Fermi surfaces of NpTGa, PuTGa, and AmCoGa with transition metal atoms T. It is found in common that the energy bands in the vicinity of the Fermi level are mainly due to the large hybridization between and Ga electrons. For PuTGa, we observe several cylindrical sheets of Fermi surfaces with large volume for T=Co, Rh, and Ir. It is also found that the Fermi surfaces of NpFeGa, NpCoGa, and NpNiGa are similar to those of UCoGa, UNiGa, and PuCoGa, respectively, except for small details. For AmCoGa, the Fermi surfaces are found to consist of large cylindrical electron sheets and small closed hole sheets, similar to PuCoGa. The similarity is basically understood by a rigid-band picture.

Measurement of emittance for electron bunches compressed by velocity bunching via double-slit-scan method

Iijima, Hokuto; Hajima, Ryoichi; Uesaka, Mitsuru*; Sakumi, Akira*; Sakamoto, Fumito*; Ueda, Toru*

Proceedings of 2nd Annual Meeting of Particle Accelerator Society of Japan and 30th Linear Accelerator Meeting in Japan, p.501 - 503, 2005/07

We report the availability of velocity bunching in an energy recovery linac (ERL) by a numerical analysis, and the plan of precise measurement of bunching emittance via a double-slit-scan method. The simulation performed for eight TESLA-type cavities reveals successful bunch compression from 3.2 ps to 0.17 ps. Since the residual energy spread after velocity bunching is considerably smaller than the correlated energy spread required for magnetic compression through a recirculation loop, velocity bunching is useful to realized short-pulse and high-brightness X-rays by ERL. The emittance of velocity bunching was calculated to be 1.5 mm.mrad for the bunch charge of 77pC without the emittance compensation by an external solenoid field. Although the emittance growth due to the space-charge effect was small in the simulation, it is necessary to evaluate the emittance-growth mechanism under velocity bunching. Therefore, the emittance measurement via double-slit-scan method is carrying out in the UTNL-18L.