Improvement of endophytic bacteria using ion beams and application of bio-pesticide with plant growth Promoter made from oligo-chitosan

Aino, Masataka*; Sato, Katsuya; Narumi, Issey*; Nagasawa, Naotsugu; Yoshii, Fumio; Taguchi, Mitsumasa

JAEA-Review 2013-059, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2012, P. 113, 2014/03

Decolorization of secondary treated water from livestock urine waste

Takigami, Machiko*; Nagasawa, Naotsugu; Hiroki, Akihiro; Kasai, Noboru; Yoshii, Fumio; Tamada, Masao; Takigami, Shoji*; Shibata, Takuya*; Aketagawa, Yasushi*; Ozaki, Masuo*

Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan, 35(3), p.647 - 650, 2010/09

https://doi.org/10.14723/tmrsj.35.647

There are many livestock farmers in Gunma Prefecture. Many of the farms are located under Mt. Akagi and Haruna, which attract tourists. Furthermore, rivers around the mountains are source of water supply to metropolitan area. Therefore, the waste treatments are very important. Regulations of smell and COD (chemical oxygen demand) are severe in Gunma Prefecture. Although there is no regulation for color of drain water, color in secondary treated water from livestock urine waste has been one of the major concerns for livestock farmers. The color is a metabolite of microorganisms and not easy to be removed. People have tried to remove the color by ozone treatment, absorption using activated carbon or soils. An absorbent was prepared by radiation grafting; fibers were irradiated with Co -rays and some kinds of monomers were grafted onto the fibers. The absorbent thus prepared were used to decolorize the secondary treated water. The color and COD were removed by the absorbent, however, COD removal was more difficult than decolorization. Degree of grafting (weight increase expressed in % by grafting reaction to initial weight of the fiber), treated water/absorbent ratio, flow rate of treated water, and direction of flow affected color and COD removal. The used absorbent could be used repeatedly after washing.

Absorption of phosphate ion in swine urine using CMC gel

Takigami, Machiko*; Amada, Haruyo*; Nagasawa, Naotsugu; Hiroki, Akihiro; Kasai, Noboru; Yoshii, Fumio; Tamada, Masao

Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan, 33(4), p.849 - 852, 2008/12

Shortage of phosphorus becomes a serious problem in the world. The removal of phosphorus in swine urine is a big concern for the environmental conservation. To solve both problems, absorbent to absorb phosphorus in swine urine was developed using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and Iron. The gel formation proceeded instantaneously when CMC and Iron (III) chloride were mixed, while gel was not formed immediately when Iron (II) chloride was used. Oxidation of Iron (II) to Iron (III) occurs gradually in Iron (II) aqueous solution. However, addition of CMC to the Iron (II) solution promoted the oxidation to form gel. The rate of gel formation could be controlled by addition of acid to CMC-Iron (II) mixture. The resultant gel absorbed phosphorus in swine urine. The absorption was about 97% in swine urine containing 78 mg/L of phosphorus.

Effect of radiation crosslinking on stability of bent polyethylene pipe

Kasai, Noboru; Yoshii, Fumio; Yuasa, Junichi*

JAEA-Review 2007-060, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2006, P. 54, 2008/03

https://jopss.jaea.go.jp/pdfdata/JAEA-Review-2007-060.pdf

no abstracts in English

Properties of crosslinked polylactides (PLLA & PDLA) by radiation and its biodegradability

Quynh, T. M.*; Mitomo, Hiroshi*; Nagasawa, Naotsugu; Wada, Yuki; Yoshii, Fumio; Tamada, Masao

European Polymer Journal, 43(5), p.1779 - 1785, 2007/05

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.03.007

Crosslinked materials derived from poly(lactide) (PLA) have been produced by radiation modification in the presence of a suitable crosslinker (triallyl isocyanurate: TAIC). The crosslinking structure introduced in PLA films has not only much improved the heat stability but also their mechanical properties. The properties of crosslinked samples are governed by crosslinking density and these improvement seemed to increase with radiation dose. This implied that the three dimensional networks have been introduced in material by radiation and the crosslinking density depended on the structure and length of PLA chains. Biodegradability of PLA was also determined by an enzymatic degradation test and burying in compost at 55 C. Differing with PLLA, PDLA was insignificantly degraded by . The degradation rate of PLA in compost was postponed with the introduction of crosslinks.

Modification of poly(lactic acid) by radiation-induced crosslinking

Nagasawa, Naotsugu; Kaneda, Ayako*; Matsuzaki, Tomoaki*; Kanazawa, Shinichi*; Yagi, Toshiaki; Tran, M. Q.*; Mitomo, Hiroshi*; Yoshii, Fumio; Tamada, Masao; Quynh, T. M.*

JAEA-Review 2006-042, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2005, P. 53, 2007/02

https://jopss.jaea.go.jp/pdfdata/JAEA-Review-2006-042.pdf

Poly(L-lactic acid), PLA was irradiated using electron beams (EB) in the presence of polyfunctional monomers (PFM) as crosslinking agent. Among the PFMs, triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) at 3% concentration was found to be the most effective for crosslinking of PLA by irradiation technique. The crosslinked PLA obtained has heat resistance higher than 200C. From this fact, the crosslinked PLA is applied on heat-shrinkable tube, cup and plate. The shrinkable tube has several advantages such as high heat resistance and transparency. It is therefore proven that crosslinking technology is beneficial to expanding the application of PLA.

Cooperative research on radiation processing of natural polysaccharides between VAEC and JAEA

Hiroki, Akihiro; Nagasawa, Naotsugu; Yagi, Toshiaki; Kume, Tamikazu; Yoshii, Fumio; Tamada, Masao

JAEA-Review 2006-042, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2005, P. 56, 2007/02

https://jopss.jaea.go.jp/pdfdata/JAEA-Review-2006-042.pdf

Cooperative research between Vietnam Atomic Energy Commission (VAEC) and JAEA has been performed over a period of six years. In the cooperative research, natural polysaccharides such as alginate, chitin, and chitosan were irradiated by -ray to produce various functional materials. It was found that the alginate and the chitosan degraded with -irradiation were effective as a growth promoter for rice and carrot and an anti-bacterial agent, respectively. On the other hand, the hydrogels obtained by -irradiating carboxymethylchitosan aqueous solution in paste-like state showed a high adsorption capacity for Cu (II) ions as well as the anti-bacterial activity.

Current status of adsorbent for metal ions with radiation grafting and crosslinking techniques

Seko, Noriaki; Tamada, Masao; Yoshii, Fumio

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 236(1-4), p.21 - 29, 2005/07

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2005.03.244

Removal of toxic metals from streaming water and ground water is important task to preserve environment. Radiation processings of grafting and crosslinking can synthesis adsorbent having high performances. Graft adsorbent can be synthesized by using the conventional polymer like polyethylene having variety shapes such as membrane, cloth, and fiber. Especially, the obtained fibrous adsorbent has 100 times higher rate of adsorption than that of commercialized resin. Novel fibrous adsorption for arsenic was synthesized by direct grafting of phosphoric monomer and following zirconium-loading. Fibrous adsorbents of amidoxime and iminodiacetate were applied to the removal of cadmium from the scallop waste. Furthermore, the amidoxime adsorbent is useful to recover rare metal such as uranium and vanadium in seawater. Crosslinked natural polymers like chitin-chitosan in the paste-like state are applicable for the metal adsorbent. This adsorbent can be biodegraded after usage.

Adsorption of metal ions by carboxymethylchitin and carboxymethylchitosan hydrogels

Wasikiewicz, J. M.; Nagasawa, Naotsugu; Tamada, Masao; Mitomo, Hiroshi*; Yoshii, Fumio

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 236(1-4), p.617 - 623, 2005/07

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2005.04.053

The absorption ability of various metal ions into EB - radiation crosslinked carboxymethylchitin and carboxymethylchitosan has been investigated. The highest adsorption of Scandium and Gold has been obtained for carboxymethylchitin (CMCht) and carboxymethylchitosan (CMChts), respectively. Kinetic studies showed that adsorption of most of the metal ions occur in a relatively short period of time (2 hours). Detail investigation of adsorption of gold ions has been carried out for both hydrogels. The maximum uptake of Au cations, based on Langmuir equation was determined to be 37.59 mg/g for CMChts and 11.86 mg/g for CMCht. Both hydrogels indicate favorable adsorption of gold cations.

Improvement of heat stability of poly(-lactic acid) by radiation-induced crosslinking

Mitomo, Hiroshi*; Kaneda, Ayako*; Tran, M. Q.*; Nagasawa, Naotsugu; Yoshii, Fumio

Polymer, 46(13), p.4695 - 4703, 2005/06

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2005.03.088

no abstracts in English