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Journal Articles

An Experimental study on the fragmentation and accompanying cooling behaviors of a simulated molten oxide fuel penetrating into a sodium pool

Matsuba, Kenichi; Kamiyama, Kenji; Toyooka, Junichi; Zuev, V. A.*; Kolodeshnikov, A. A.*

Proceedings of 17th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics (NURETH-17) (USB Flash Drive), 11 Pages, 2017/09

To clarify jet fragmentation and accompanying cooling behaviors of molten core materials discharged into sodium, results of the out-of-pile experiments with a simulant material (Al$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$) were analyzed. The results clarified that while Al$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$ jets were entirely fragmented into smaller particles during their penetration to several tenths of a meter in depth of sodium, an additional significant distance was needed to cool down the particles to the degree that thermal loading on the steel structures could be neglected. Based on the results, it is concluded that in terms of the reduction of thermal load on the lower structures in the reactor vessels, the cooling distance after fragmentation should be treated.

Journal Articles

A Recent experimental program to evidence in-vessel retention by controlled material relocation during core disruptive accidents of sodium-cooled fast reactors

Matsuba, Kenichi; Kamiyama, Kenji; Toyooka, Junichi; Zuev, V. A.*; Ganovichev, D. A.*; Kolodeshnikov, A. A.*

Proceedings of 10th Japan-Korea Symposium on Nuclear Thermal Hydraulics and Safety (NTHAS-10) (USB Flash Drive), 5 Pages, 2016/11

Molten fuel discharge through control rod guide tubes (CRGTs) is a key process that dominates the termination of core disruptive accidents of sodium-cooled fast reactors, since fuel dispersion from the core contributes to the achievement of both deeper subcriticality in the degraded core and formation of coolable debris bed. Within a framework of a collaborative research program between Japan Atomic Energy Agency and National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, called EAGLE program, a new experimental program has been started with out-of-pile experiments to clarify the fuel discharge through CRGTs. This paper presents the status of the new program, including experimental results obtained so far.

Journal Articles

Experimental discussion on fragmentation mechanism of molten oxide discharged into a sodium pool

Matsuba, Kenichi; Kamiyama, Kenji; Toyooka, Junichi; Tobita, Yoshiharu; Zuev, V. A.*; Kolodeshnikov, A. A.*; Vasilyev, Y. S.*

Proceedings of 23rd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE-23) (DVD-ROM), 6 Pages, 2015/05

To develop a method for evaluating the distance for fragmentation of molten core material discharged into sodium, the particle size distribution of alumina debris obtained in the FR tests was analyzed. The mass median diameters of solidified alumina particles were around 0.4 mm, which are comparable to particle sizes predicted by hydrodynamic instability theories such as Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. However, even though hydrodynamic instability theories predict that particle size decreases with an increase of Weber number, such the dependence of particle size on We was not observed in the FR tests. It can be interpreted that the tendency of measured mass median diameters (i.e., non-dependence on Weber number) suggests that before hydrodynamic instabilities sufficiently grow to induce fragmentation, thermal phenomena such as local coolant vaporization and resultant vapor expansion accelerate fragmentation.

Journal Articles

Experimental study on material relocation during core disruptive accident in sodium-cooled fast reactors; Results of a series of fragmentation tests for molten oxide discharged into a sodium pool

Matsuba, Kenichi; Kamiyama, Kenji; Konishi, Kensuke; Toyooka, Junichi; Sato, Ikken; Zuev, V. A.*; Kolodeshnikov, A. A.*; Vasilyev, Y. S.*

Proceedings of 8th Japan-Korea Symposium on Nuclear Thermal Hydraulics and Safety (NTHAS-8) (USB Flash Drive), 7 Pages, 2012/12

A series of fragmentation tests (FR tests) for molten oxide was conducted to obtain experimental knowledge on the distance for fragmentation of molten core material discharged into the lower sodium plenum. Approx. 7$$sim$$14 kg of molten alumina was discharged into a sodium pool (depth: 1.3 m, diameter: 0.4 m, temperature: approx. 673 K) through a duct (inner diameter: 40$$sim$$63 mm). The test results showed that the molten alumina was fragmented into particles within 1 m from the surface of the sodium pool. The estimated distances for fragmentation in the FR tests were roughly 60$$sim$$70% lower than the predictions by the existing representative correlation. The experimental knowledge confirms the possibility that the distance for fragmentation of the molten core material can be significantly reduced due to thermal interactions in the lower sodium plenum.

Journal Articles

Safety strategy of JSFR eliminating severe recriticality events and establishing in-vessel retention in the core disruptive accident

Sato, Ikken; Tobita, Yoshiharu; Konishi, Kensuke; Kamiyama, Kenji; Toyooka, Junichi; Nakai, Ryodai; Kubo, Shigenobu*; Kotake, Shoji*; Koyama, Kazuya*; Vassiliev, Y. S.*; et al.

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 48(4), p.556 - 566, 2011/03

In the JSFR design, elimination of severe recriticality events in the Core Disruptive Accident (CDA) is intended as an effective measure to assure retention of the core materials within the reactor vessel. The design strategy is to control the potential of excessive void reactivity insertion in the Initiating Phase selecting appropriate design parameters such as maximum void reactivity on one hand, and to exclude core-wide molten-fuel-pool formation, which has been the main issue of CDA, with introduction of Inner Duct on the other hand. The effectiveness of these measures are reviewed based on existing experimental data and evaluations performed with validated analysis tools. It is judged that the present JSFR design can exlude severe power burst events.

Oral presentation

Experimental study on fragmentation behavior of molten core material during core disruptive accident for sodium-cooled fast reactors; Results of fragmentation test for molten oxide penetrating into a sodium pool

Matsuba, Kenichi; Kamiyama, Kenji; Konishi, Kensuke*; Toyooka, Junichi; Sato, Ikken; Zuev, V.*; Kolodeshnikov, A.*; Yury, V.*

no journal, , 

In-vessel retention of molten core fuel with the use of debris trays in a reactor lower plenum is being studied as a mitigation measure against core disruptive accident for sodium-cooled fast reactors. If the molten core fuel is finely fragmented before coming at the debris trays, fuel coolability on the debris trays can be enhanced. In the present study, the length for molten jet break-up due to fragmentation was measured with out-of-pile experiments in which about 10 kg of molten alumina was injected into a sodium pool.

Oral presentation

Experimental study on fragmentation behavior of molten core material during core disruptive accident for sodium-cooled fast reactors; Discussion on the fragmentation mechanism

Matsuba, Kenichi; Kamiyama, Kenji; Tobita, Yoshiharu; Toyooka, Junichi; Zuev, V.*; Kolodeshnikov, A.*; Vasilyev, Y.*

no journal, , 

In order to obtain experimental knowledge on fragmentation behavior of molten core material discharged into the lower sodium plenum in the reactor vessel during core disruptive accidents of sodium cooled fast reactors, a series of fragmentation experiments have been carried out with a molten oxide. Based on the experimental results, dominant mechanisms for the fragmentation behavior was discussed.

Oral presentation

Applicability assessment of empirical correlations to the prediction of the distance for fragmentation of molten core materials in sodium

Matsuba, Kenichi; Isozaki, Mikio; Toyooka, Junichi; Kamiyama, Kenji; Zuev, V.*; Kolodeshnikov, A.*

no journal, , 

In order to assess the fragmentation behavior of molten core material discharged into the lower sodium plenums during core disruptive accidents in sodium-cooled fast reactors, applicability of empirical correlations of the distance for fragmentation was investigated by comparing the values predicted using a correlation with the results obtained in the experiments where a simulated core material (molten alumina) was discharged into a sodium pool.

Oral presentation

Study on the discharge behavior of molten core materials through the control rod guide tube in the core disruptive accident of SFR

Kato, Shinya; Matsuba, Kenichi; Kamiyama, Kenji; Zuev, V.*; Ganovichev, D.*; Baklanov, V.*

no journal, , 

To clarify the molten material outflow behavior from the reactor core region through the control rod guide tube(CRGT) in the core disruptive accident of SFR, the out-of-pile tests simulating the molten material dropping into the CRGT, they are imitated by the molten alumina and the stainless cup respectively, were conducted. In this presentation, the evaluation result of the tests will be reported.

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