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論文

Measurement of $$^{73}$$Ge(n,$$gamma$$) cross sections and implications for stellar nucleosynthesis

Lederer-Woods, C.*; Battino, U.*; Ferreira, P.*; Gawlik, A.*; 木村 敦; n_TOF Collaboration*; 他128名*

Physics Letters B, 790, p.458 - 465, 2019/03

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2019.01.045
 被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：61.83(Astronomy & Astrophysics)

$$^{73}Ge(n,gamma)$$ cross sections were measured at the neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF at CERN up to neutron energies of 300 keV, providing for the first time experimental data above 8 keV. Results indicate that the stellar cross section at $$kT$$ =30 keV is 1.5 to 1.7 times higher than most theoretical predictions. The new cross sections result in a substantial decrease of $$^{73}$$Ge produced in stars, which would explain the low isotopic abundance of $$^{73}$$Ge in the solar system.

論文

Cross section measurements of $$^{155,157}$$Gd(n,$$gamma$$) induced by thermal and epithermal neutrons

Mastromarco, M.*; Manna, A.*; Aberle, O.*; Andrzejewski, J.*; 原田 秀郎; 木村 敦; n_TOF Collaboration*; 他116名*

European Physical Journal A, 55(1), p.9_1 - 9_20, 2019/01

https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2019-12692-7
 被引用回数：14 パーセンタイル：93.24(Physics, Nuclear)

Neutron capture cross section measurements on $$^{155}$$Gd and $$^{157}$$Gd were performed using the time-of-flight technique at the n_TOF facility at CERN on isotopically enriched samples. The measurements were carried out in the n TOF experimental area EAR1, at 185m from the neutron source, with an array of 4 C$$_6$$D$$_6$$ liquid scintillation detectors. At a neutron kinetic energy of 0.0253eV, capture cross sections of 62.2(2.2) and 239.8(8.4) kilobarn have been derived for $$^{155}$$Gd and $$^{157}$$Gd, respectively, with up to 6% deviation relative to values presently reported in nuclear data libraries, but consistent with those values within 1.6 standard deviations. A resonance shape analysis has been performed in the resolved resonance region up to 181eV and 307eV, respectively for $$^{155}$$Gd and $$^{157}$$Gd, where on average, resonance parameters have been found in good agreement with evaluations. Above these energies and up to 1keV, the observed resonance-like structure of the cross section has been analysed and characterised. From a statistical analysis of the observed neutron resonances we deduced: neutron strength function of 2.01(28) $$times$$ 10$$^{-4}$$ and 2.17(41) $$times$$ 10$$^{-4}$$; average total radiative width of 106.8(14)meV and 101.1(20)meV and s-wave resonance spacing 1.6(2)eV and 4.8(5)eV for n + $$^{155}$$Gd and n + $$^{157}$$Gd systems, respectively.

論文

First ionization potentials of Fm, Md, No, and Lr; Verification of filling-up of 5f electrons and confirmation of the actinide series

佐藤 哲也; 浅井 雅人; Borschevsky, A.*; Beerwerth, R.*; 金谷 佑亮*; 牧井 宏之; 水飼 秋菜*; 永目 諭一郎; 長 明彦; 豊嶋 厚史; et al.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, 140(44), p.14609 - 14613, 2018/11

https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.8b09068
 被引用回数：16 パーセンタイル：70.21(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)

第一イオン化エネルギー(IP$$_1$$)は、原子の価電子軌道に関する情報を与える。99番元素アインスタイニウムよりも重いアクチノイドのIP$$_1$$は、一度に一つの原子しか扱うことのできない実験の難しさから、これまでに実験的に測定された例はなかった。我々は表面電離法を応用した新しい測定手法により、103番元素ローレンシウム(Lr)のIP$$_1$$測定に成功し、Lrが弱く束縛された最外殻電子をもつことを強く示唆する結果を得た。一方、Lrとは対象的に、102番元素ノーベリウムは充填された5f軌道および7s軌道をもつために、アクチノイド中最高のIP$$_1$$をもつと考えられている。表面電離法によるIP$$_1$$決定法をNoおよび100番元素フェルミウム, 101番元素メンデレビウムに適用することにより求められた各IP$$_1$$から、5f軌道への電子の充填に伴ってIP$$_1$$が単調に増加し、Noで最も大きくなることを確かめることができた。このことから、f軌道に電子が充填され、アクチノイド系列がLrで終わることを実験的に確かめた。

論文

$$^7$$Be(n,p)$$^7$$Li reaction and the cosmological lithium problem; Measurement of the cross section in a wide energy range at n_TOF at CERN

Damone, L.*; Barbagallo, M.*; Mastromarco, M.*; Cosentino, L.*; 原田 秀郎; 木村 敦; n_TOF Collaboration*; 他152名*

Physical Review Letters, 121(4), p.042701_1 - 042701_7, 2018/07

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.042701
 被引用回数：33 パーセンタイル：93.14(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

We report on the measurement of the $$^7$$Be(n,p)$$^7$$Li cross section from thermal to approximately 325 keV neutron energy, performed in the high-flux experimental area (EAR2) of the n_TOF facility at CERN. This reaction plays a key role in the lithium yield of the big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) for standard cosmology. The only two previous time-of-flight measurements performed on this reaction did not cover the energy window of interest for BBN, and they showed a large discrepancy between each other. The measurement was performed with a Si telescope and a high-purity sample produced by implantation of a $$^7$$Be ion beam at the ISOLDE facility at CERN. While a significantly higher cross section is found at low energy, relative to current evaluations, in the region of BBN interest, the present results are consistent with the values inferred from the time-reversal $$^7$$Li(p,n)$$^7$$Be reaction, thus yielding only a relatively minor improvement on the so-called cosmological lithium problem. The relevance of these results on the near threshold neutron production in the p+$$^7$$Li reaction is also discussed.

論文

Experimental setup and procedure for the measurement of the $$^7$$Be(n,p)$$^7$$Li reaction at n_TOF

Barbagallo, M.*; Andrzejewski, J.*; Mastromarco, M.*; Perkowski, J.*; Damone, L. A.*; Gawlik, A.*; 木村 敦; n_TOF Collaboration*; 他122名*

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 887, p.27 - 33, 2018/04

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2017.12.025
 被引用回数：12 パーセンタイル：91.11(Instruments & Instrumentation)

Following the completion of the second neutron beam line and the related experimental area (EAR2) at the n_TOF spallation neutron source at CERN, several experiments were planned and performed. The high instantaneous neutron flux available in EAR2 allows to investigate neutron induced reactions with charged particles in the exit channel even employing targets made out of small amounts of short-lived radioactive isotopes. After the successful measurement of the $$^7$$Be(n,$$alpha$$)cross section, the $$^7$$Be(n,p)$$^7$$Li reaction was studied in order to provide still missing cross section data of relevance for Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN), in an attempt to find a solution to the cosmological Lithium abundance problem. This paper describes the experimental setup employed in such a measurement and its characterization.

論文

Radiative neutron capture on $$^{242}$$Pu in the resonance region at the CERN n_TOF-EAR1 facility

Lerendegui-Marco, J.*; Guerrero, C.*; Mendoza, E.*; Quesada, J. M.*; Eberhardt, K.*; Junghans, A. R.*; 木村 敦; n_TOF Collaboration*; 他126名*

Physical Review C, 97(2), p.024605_1 - 024605_21, 2018/02

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.97.024605
 被引用回数：13 パーセンタイル：85.61(Physics, Nuclear)

This paper presents a new time-of-flight capture measurement on $$^{242}$$Pu carried out at n_TOF-EAR1(CERN), focusing on the analysis and statistical properties of the resonance region, below 4 keV. The $$^{242}$$Pu(n,$$gamma$$)reaction on a sample containing 95(4) mg enriched to 99.959% was measured with an array of four C$$_6$$D$$_6$$ detectors and applying the total energy detection technique. The high neutron energy resolution of n_TOF-EAR1 and the good statistics accumulated have allowed us to extend the resonance analysis up to 4 keV, obtaining new individual and average resonance parameters from a capture cross section featuring a systematic uncertainty of 5%, fulfilling the request of the NEA.

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