令和3年度福島第一原子力発電所の炉内付着物サンプル等の分析; 令和3年度開始廃炉・汚染水対策事業費補助金に係る補助事業(燃料デブリの性状把握のための分析・推定技術の開発)

池内 宏知; 佐々木 新治; 大西 貴士; 仲吉 彬; 荒井 陽一; 佐藤 拓未; 多木 寛; 関尾 佳弘; 山口 祐加子; 森下 一喜; et al.

JAEA-Data/Code 2023-005, 418 Pages, 2023/12

JAEA-Data-Code-2023-005-01.pdf:24.59MB
JAEA-Data-Code-2023-005-02.pdf:32.18MB

東京電力ホールディングス(株)福島第一原子力発電所(1F)の廃炉作業を安全かつ着実に実施するためには、炉内で生成した燃料デブリの組成や物理的・化学的特性等の性状を把握し、燃料デブリの取り出しや収納・保管等の実際の廃炉作業を検討するプロジェクトに提供していく必要がある。この目的から、1F2号機の内部調査で取得された付着物や堆積物等の汚染物サンプルを用いて、サンプル中の成分の把握及び燃料由来のウランを含む微粒子(U含有粒子)の詳細観察を行った。本報告書は、サンプルの成分由来やU含有粒子の生成過程等の解析評価に供するため、2021年度に得られた分析結果として、FE-SEM/WDX、FE-SEM/EDX、TEM/STEM-EDXによる詳細観察画像や元素分析結果、放射線測定結果及びICP-MSによる元素分析結果をデータベースとしてまとめたものである。

燃料デブリの分析精度向上のための技術開発2020年度成果報告(廃炉・汚染水対策事業費補助金)

池内 宏知; 小山 真一; 逢坂 正彦; 高野 公秀; 中村 聡志; 小野澤 淳; 佐々木 新治; 大西 貴士; 前田 宏治; 桐島 陽*; et al.

JAEA-Technology 2022-021, 224 Pages, 2022/10

JAEA-Technology-2022-021.pdf:12.32MB

燃料デブリ試料の核種・元素量の分析に向けて、酸溶解を含む一連の分析技術を確立する必要がある。本事業では、分析精度の現状レベルの把握と不溶解性残渣発生時の代替手法の確立を目的として、ブラインド試験が実施された。模擬燃料デブリ(特定の組成を持つ均質化された粉末)を対象に、日本国内の4分析機関においてそれぞれが有する溶解・分析技術を用いて、全体組成の定量値が取得された。各技術の特徴(長所・短所)を評価した結果に基づき、燃料デブリの暫定的な分析フローを構築した。

平成29, 30年度福島第一原子力発電所の炉内付着物の分析; 平成28年度補正予算「廃炉・汚染水対策事業費補助金」(燃料デブリの性状把握・分析技術の開発)

仲吉 彬; 三次 岳志; 佐々木 新治; 前田 宏治

JAEA-Data/Code 2021-011, 279 Pages, 2022/03

JAEA-Data-Code-2021-011.pdf:37.76MB

東京電力福島第一原子力発電所(1F)において、炉内調査が行われ、燃料デブリの取り出し工法、取り出し後の収納・保管等の検討が進められている。この廃炉作業を安全かつ着実に実施するためには、炉内で生じている燃料デブリの性状を把握する必要がある。このため、平成28年度補正予算「廃炉・汚染水対策事業費補助金(燃料デブリの性状把握・分析技術の開発)」プロジェクトにおいて、模擬物質を用いて取り出し装置の検討に有用な硬さや、収納・保管の検討に必要な燃料デブリ乾燥時挙動などの燃料デブリの性状を調査・推定し、実際の廃炉作業を検討するプロジェクトに提供している。このプロジェクトの一環で、1F1号機から3号機の炉内調査時に取得した調査装置の付着物や原子炉格納容器内の堆積物等のサンプルに含まれるU含有領域の分析を実施した。本報告書は、U含有粒子の生成メカニズム等の解析評価に供するため、得られた分析結果のうちFESEM/WDX、FE-SEM/EDS、STEM/EDS及びTEM分析の結果をデータベースとして取りまとめたものである。なお、分析はJAEA大洗研究所及び日本核燃料開発株式会社にて実施した。

Development of experimental technology for simulated fuel-assembly heating to address core-material-relocation behavior during severe accident

阿部 雄太; 山下 拓哉; 佐藤 一憲; 中桐 俊男; 石見 明洋

Journal of Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science, 6(2), p.021113_1 - 021113_9, 2020/04

https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4045450

The authors are developing an experimental technology for simulating severe accident (SA) conditions using simulate fuel material (ZrO) that would contribute, not only to Fukushima Daiichi (1F) decommissioning, but also to enhance the safety of worldwide existing and future nuclear power plants through clarification of accident progression behavior. Nontransfer (NTR) type plasma, which has been in practical use with a large torch capacity as high as 2 MW, has the potential to heat subject materials to very high temperatures without selecting the target to be heated. When simulating 1F with SA code, the target of this core-material-melting and relocation (CMMR) experiment was to confirm that NTR plasma has a sufficient heating performance realizing large temperature gradients ( 2000 K/m) expected under 1F conditions. The authors selected NTR-type plasma-heating technology that has the advantage of continuous heating in addition to its high-temperature level. The CMMR-2 experiments were carried out in 2017 applying the improved technology (higher heating power and controlled oxygen concentration). The CMMR-2 experiment adopted a 30-min heating period, wherein the power was increased to a level where a large temperature gradient was expected at the lower part of the core under actual 1F accident conditions. Most of the control blade and channel box migrated from the original position. After heating, the simulated fuel assembly was measured by X-ray computed tomography (CT) technology and by electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA). CT pictures and elemental mapping demonstrated its excellent performance with rather good precision. Based on these results, an excellent perspective, in terms of applicability of the NTR-type plasma-heating technology to the SA experimental study, was obtained.

Development of experimental technology for simulated fuel-assembly heating to address core-material-relocation behavior during severe accident

阿部 雄太; 山下 拓哉; 佐藤 一憲; 中桐 俊男; 石見 明洋; 永江 勇二

Proceedings of 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE-26) (Internet), 9 Pages, 2018/07

https://asme.pinetec.com/icone26/

Authors are developing an experimental technology to realize experiments simulating Severe Accident (SA) conditions using simulant fuel material (ZrO with slight addition of MgO for stabilization) that would contribute not only to Fukushima Daiichi (1F) decommissioning but also to enhance the safety of worldwide existing and future nuclear power plants through clarification of the accident progression behavior. Based on the results of the prototype test, improvement of plasma heating technology was conducted. The Core Material Melting and Relocation (CMMR)-1/-2 experiments were carried out in 2017 with the large-scale simulated fuel assembly (1 m 0.3 m ) applying the improved technology (higher heating power and controlled oxygen concentration). In these two tests, heating history was different resulting basically in similar physical responses with more pronounced material melting and relocation in the CMMR-2 experiment. The CMMR-2 experiment is selected here from the viewpoint of establishing an experimental technology. The CMMR-2 experiment adopted 30-min heating period, the power was increased up to a level so that a large temperature gradient ( 2,000 K/m) expected at the lower part of the core in the actual 1F accident conditions. Most of the control blade and the channel box migrated from the original position. After the heating, the simulated fuel assembly was measured by the X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) technology and by Electron Probe Micro Analyzer (EPMA). CT pictures and elemental mapping demonstrated its excellent performance with rather good precision. Based on these results, an excellent perspective in terms of applicability of the non-transfer type plasma heating technology to the SA experimental study was obtained.

Irradiation performance of sodium-bonded control rod for the fast breeder reactor

佐々木 新治; 前田 宏治; 古屋 廣高*

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 55(3), p.276 - 282, 2018/03

https://doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2017.1394229

The lifetime of control rods is limited by the absorber (BC pellets)-cladding mechanical interaction (ACMI). Therefore, sodium (Na)-bonded control rods were developed for long-life control rods. Na-bonded control rods have been irradiated in the experimental fast breeder reactor, JOYO MK-III, and the diametrical changes of the Na-bonded absorber pins after the irradiation were measured in detail. In this paper, these detailed measurements were compared with the results obtained in helium (He)-bonded control rods with and without the shroud tube in a wide burn-up range. From the comparison, it was concluded that the Na-bonded absorber pins are very effective for achieving long-life control rods.

Defect chemistry and basic properties of non-stoichiometric PuO

加藤 正人; 中村 博樹; 渡部 雅; 松本 卓; 町田 昌彦

Defect and Diffusion Forum, 375, p.57 - 70, 2017/05

http://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.375.57

PuOの実験データをレビューし、酸素ポテンシャル、電気伝導率及び第一原理計算結果を用いて欠陥濃度を評価した。欠陥濃度を評価する式を導出し、様々な基礎特性の間の整合性を確認するとともに、熱物性を評価するための機構論的モデルを導出した。

Development of non-transfer type plasma heating technology to address CMR behavior during severe accident with BWR design conditions

阿部 雄太; 佐藤 一憲; 中桐 俊男; 石見 明洋; 永江 勇二

Proceedings of 2017 International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP 2017) (CD-ROM), 7 Pages, 2017/04

Authors are developing an experimental technology to realize experiments simulating severe accident conditions that would contribute not only to Fukushima Daiichi (1F) decommissioning but also to enhance safety of worldwide existing and future nuclear power plants through clarification of the accident progression behavior. In the first part of this program, called Phase I hereafter, a series of small-scale experiments (10 cm 10 cm 25 cmh) were performed in March 2015 and it was demonstrated that non-transfer (NTR) type plasma heating is capable of successfully melting the high melting-point ceramics. In order to confirm applicability of this heating technology to larger scale test specimens to address the experimental needs, authors performed a second series plasma heating tests in 2016, called Phase II hereafter, using a simulated fuel assembly with a larger size (100 cm 30 cm phi). In the phase II part of the program, the power was increased up to a level so that a large temperature gradient (2,000 K/m - 4,000 K/m) expected at the lower part of the core in the actual 1F accident conditions. After the heating, these test pieces were measured by the X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) technology. CT pictures demonstrated its excellent performance with rather good precision. Based on these results, basic applicability of the NTR plasma heating for the SA experimental study was confirmed. With the Phase II-type 100 cm-high test geometry, core material relocation (CMR) behavior within the active core region and its access to the core support structure region would be addressed. JAEA is also preparing for the next step large-scale tests using up to four simulated fuel assemblies covering the lower part of the active fuel and fully simulating the upper part of the lower core support structures addressing CMR behavior including core material relocation into the lower plenum.

Development of advanced PIE technique for fuel debris using X-Ray computer tomography

勝山 幸三; 石見 明洋; 田中 康介; 木原 義之

Proceedings of 53rd Annual Meeting of Hot Laboratories and Remote Handling Working Group (HOTLAB 2016) (Internet), 5 Pages, 2016/11

燃料デブリの性状を把握するための分析技術開発の一環として、これまで高速炉燃料集合体の非破壊検査技術として開発してきたX線CT検査技術を燃料デブリの分析に適用するための技術開発に着手した。本報告では、実燃料デブリ分析への適用性を確認するために実施した模擬デブリ試料を用いたX線CT試験結果について報告する。試験の結果、燃料デブリ内の燃料部位の形状や位置が把握でき、さらに臨界評価等で重要となる空隙部の形状等も非破壊により把握できる見通しを得た。

Preparation for a new experimental program addressing core-material-relocation behavior during severe accident with BWR design conditions; Conduction of preparatory tests applying non-transfer-type plasma heating technology

阿部 雄太; 佐藤 一憲; 石見 明洋; 中桐 俊男; 永江 勇二

Proceedings of 24th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE-24) (DVD-ROM), 7 Pages, 2016/06

https://doi.org/10.1115/ICONE24-60249

原子力機構では非移行型プラズマ加熱を用いたBWR体系での炉心物質の下部プレナムへの移行挙動(CMR)に着目した試験を検討している。この技術の適用性を確認するため、我々は小規模試験体(107mm107mm222mmh)を用いたプラズマ加熱の予備実験を行った。これらの予備実験の結果から、SA(シビアアクシデント)研究への非移行型プラズマ加熱の優れた適用可能性が確認できた。また我々は、2016年に中規模の予備実験(燃料ピン50ロッド規模)を準備し、まだ技術的な適用性が確認できていない制御ブレードやCMR自体に関する試験を実施予定である。