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PWRアクシデントマネジメントと原子炉計装の役割に関するROSA-V実験研究

A ROSA-V experimental study on PWR accident management actions and role of reactor instrumentation

鈴木 光弘; 竹田 武司 ; 浅香 英明; 中村 秀夫  

Suzuki, Mitsuhiro; Takeda, Takeshi; Asaka, Hideaki; Nakamura, Hideo

PWR冷却材喪失事故(LOCA)時における運転員の的確なアクシデントマネジメント(AM)操作に必要な原子炉計装として、保有水量検出システムと炉心出口温度計(CET)を取り上げ、それらの特性に関する実験結果を述べる。原研のROSA-V/LSTF実験施設を使用した実験では原子炉底部小破断LOCAを模擬し、高圧注入系の不作動と蓄圧注入系からの非凝縮性ガス流入がある場合に、AM策の1つである2次系減圧の効果について明らかにした。その中で水位計3種による保有水量検出システムは、初期状態から炉心露出に至る過程で大部分の保有水変化を検出した。また炉心過熱条件を検出するためのCETの特性は、2次系減圧操作時の凝縮水流下により著しく阻害された。

Shown below are experimental results on characteristics of reactor instrumentations including a coolant mass tracking method and core exit thermocouples (CETs) which are necessary to precise operator actions for accident management (AM) during a loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA) at a pressurized water reactor (PWR). The experiments at the ROSA-V/LSTF facility of the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute simulated small break LOCAs at the PWR vessel bottom and clarified effects of secondary depressurization as one of the AM measures in case of high pressure injection system failure and non-condensable gas inflow from the accumulator injection system. It was shown that the coolant mass tracking method based on three types of water level instruments could detect most of the primary coolant mass change between the initial state and core-heatup starting condition. The CET characteristics to detect the core heatup conditions were significantly degraded by the condensed water fall-back during the secondary depressurization action.

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