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我が国を対象とした地下水流動解析 その1-中部日本を対象とした地下水流動解析-

Groundwater flow analyses in Japan; Part 1 : Groundwater flow analyses in central Japan

柳沢 孝一; 今井 久; 古屋 和夫; 若松 尚則; 梅田 浩司

Yanagizawa, Koichi; Imai, Hisashi; not registered; Wakamatsu, Hisanori; Umeda, Koji

わが国に存在する地下深部の水理条件を把握するために、中部日本の大小2つの領域を対象とした地下水流動解析を行った。中部日本(300$$times$$500km$$times$$深さ10km)の解析では文献資料をもとに水理地質構造モデル(透水係数分布を表したモデル)を構築し、その一部である東濃地域(8$$times$$7km$$times$$深さ3km)の解析では原位置調査結果をもとに水理地質構造モデルを構築した。これらのモデルに基づき、有限要素法を用いて定常三次元飽和不飽和浸透流解析を行った。解析の結果、以下の点が判明した。(1)中部日本の解析では、ピエゾ水頭分布は領域の地形に沿ったものとなる。(2)東濃地域の解析では、表層付近のピエゾ水頭分布は局所的な地形に沿ったものとなり深部でのピエゾ水頭分布は領域の大局的な地形を反映したものとなる。(3)いずれの解析においても、ピエゾ水頭の鉛直方向の変化は浅部を除いて極めて小さくほぼ静水圧分布である。(4)深部(深度500m以深)での動水勾配は、いずれの領域においてもはとんどの部分で0.04未満である。(5)中部日本の解析では、標高-3,000m以深の透水係数分布、飽和度と圧力水頭の関係、および海岸部の側方境界条件を変えても、流動状況に大きな違いは現れない。

Groundwater flow was analysed in the two areas of different scale situated in central Japan, in order to estimate hydrological condition existing at the deep underground in Japan. For the analysis in the Central Japan area (300 $$times$$ 500km $$times$$ 10km deep), a hydrogeological model (a model expressing distribution of hydraulic conductivity) was built up with data from literature published so far. The model in the Tono area (8 $$times$$ 7km $$times$$ 3km deep) which is a part of the Central Japan area, a hydrogeological model was built up with field data from the area studied. Based on these models, steady state three-dimensional groundwater flow under a saturated-unsaturated condition was calculated by means of FEM. The results are as follows: (1)In the Central Japan area, distribution of piezometric head harmonizes with topography in the area. (2)In the Tono area, distribution of piezometric head in the sub-surface part is governed by local topography, while that in the deeper part is governed by underlying regional topography. (3)In both areas, vertical variation of piezometric head is rather small without the shallow part, which indicates hydrostatic distribution. (4)Hydraulic gradient is less than 0.04 in the most part below GL-500m in both areas. (5)The results of the analysis in the Central Japan area show that types of distribution of hydraulic conductivity below EL-3,000m, of relationship between saturation ratio and pressure head, and of lateral boundary condition, do not remarkably affect the flow situation.

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