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ナトリウム再着火挙動実験

Experimental study of sodium reignition behavior

大野 修司  ; 石川 浩康 ; 加藤 一憲*; 宮原 信哉  ; 荒 邦章 

Ohno, Shuji; not registered; not registered; not registered; not registered

プール状の燃焼ナトリウムを窒素で消火すると、未燃焼ナトリウムを含む燃焼生成物は常温においても空気雰囲気中で再着火する場合がある。本実験研究はこの再着火が生じる原因を解明し再着火防止策を提示することを目的として行ったものである。内径70mm、長さ300mmの耐熱ガラス製容器内で約1gのナトリウムを燃焼させて、燃焼および消火雰囲気中の酸素と湿分および二酸化炭素の濃度をパラメータとした実験を実施した。現象の観察、再着火温度の測定、燃焼生成物の観察と分析を行った結果、以下の知見を得た。(1)純窒素で消火した場合、常温(50$$^{circ}C$$)では再着火は生じなかった。しかし、消火用窒素に1%程度以上の酸素が混入した場合に常温で再着火が生じた。(2)酸素が混入した窒素で消火した場合でも、冷却後に湿分と二酸化炭素を用いて燃焼生成物を安定化すると常温での再着火防止効果が認められた。(3)燃焼生成物の化学分析結果はNa2Oが主体であり、他に条件によりNaOH、Na2CO3、Na2O2が認められたが、他の特異な化合物は認められなかった。これから、再着火の原因は消火後の燃焼生成物であるNa2Oを多く含んだ灰白色の樹氷状突起に起因すると思われる。

Reaction residue of sodium combustion has possibility of reignition in an air atmosphere even at 50$$^{circ}$$C when the sodium pool fire was extinguished by nitrogen (N$$_{2}$$) gas. Thus we carried out an experimental study of this behavior for the purpose to clarify the cause of the reignition and to make a suggestion for a preventive measure. The sodium burning and extinguishing experiments were performed changing fraction of oxygen (O$$_{2}$$), carbon-dioxide (CO$$_{2}$$) and humidity in the atmosphere, using 1g sodium and a glass-made chamber of 70mm inner diameter and 300mm length. By the observation of phenomena, measurement of reignition temperature, and analyses of reaction residue, the following results and conclusions were obtained. (1)When the burning was distinguished by pure N$$_{2}$$ gas, reignition did not occur at 59$$^{circ}$$C. However, reignition occurred at 50$$^{circ}$$C when the distinguishing N$$_{2}$$ gas contained over 1% O$$_{2}$$. (2)Reignition temperature became higher by supplying humidity and CO$$_{2}$$ after cooling down the residue, even when the distinguishing N$$_{2}$$ gas contained O$$_{2}$$. (3)The reaction residue consisted mainly of Na$$_{2}$$O and Na, partly of NaOH, Na$$_{2}$$CO$$_{3}$$, and Na$$_{2}$$O$$_{2}$$ depending on the experimental condition. No peculiar compound was detected. The reignition might be attributed to the sharply projecting-shaped gray-white-colored reaction products which contains Na$$_{2}$$O.

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