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Anisotropy and Effect of Salinity in Diffusion and Activation Energies of Cations and Anions in Compacted Bentonite

None

佐藤 治夫

Sato, Haruo

圧縮スメクタイト中のI-とCs+イオンの拡散及び活性化エネルギーの異方性と塩濃度の影響について研究した。実験には精製したNaスメクタイトを使用し、乾燥密度、塩濃度、温度、スメクタイト粒子の配向方向に対する拡散方向をパラメータに、見掛けの拡散係数(Da)と活性化エネルギー($$Delta$$Ea)を測定した。両イオンのDaと$$Delta$$Eaの乾燥密度、塩濃度、拡散方向に対する変化より、I-イオンは、主として外部間隙を拡散移行し、Cs+イオンは、層間と外部間隙の両方を拡散移行すると考えられた。また、両イオンの$$Delta$$Eaの乾燥密度の変化から、I-イオンは、表面からの静電的影響を受けると考えられ、Cs+イオンは、Na+イオンとのイオン交換エンタルピーの影響に加えて、間隙水の活量の低下の影響も考えられた。

The anisotropy and effect of salinity in the apparent diffusion coefficients (Da) and activation energies (Ea) for I- and Cs+ ions were studied. The diffusion experiments were carried out as a function of smectit's dry density, salinity, temperature and diffusion direction to the orinentated direction of smectite particles. An purified Na-smectite was used in the experiments. I- Ions are considered to mainly diffuse in interstitial pores and Cs+ ions are considered to diffuse in both interlayer and interstitial pores from the changes of the Da- and Ea-values for both ions on dry density, salinity and diffusion direction. Moreover, I- ions are considered to be affected by electrostatic effect from smectite surface, and Cs+ ions are considered to the effect of the decrease in the activity of porewater in addition to the effect of ion exchange enthalpy between Cs+ and I- ions in smectite.

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