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大型FBRにおける高速中性子フルエンス低減化の炉心設計検討

Core design consideration for reduction of the fast neutron fluence in large fast reactors

川島 克之; 池上 哲雄

Kawashima, Katsuyuki; Ikegami, Tetsuo

大型FBR炉心では、燃料集合体が被る高速中性子照射量(フルエンス)が炉心高燃焼度化の制限要因となっている。そこで、取出平均燃焼度に対する最大フルエンスの比(PFB比: Peak Fast Fluence To Average Burnup比)を従来の炉心より小さくするための設計検討を行い、次の結論を得た。(1)PFB比低減に係る設計パラメータを摘出し、PFB比の評価式として、PFB比∝注目点の出力ピーキング係数/注目点fissile富化度$$times$$注目点の照射時間/炉心平均照射期間を得た。(2)均質炉心の設計に適用できるPFB比低減方策を具体化した。粗調整棒運用(炉心中心よりの粗調整棒の挿入量を大)による中性子束分布平坦化および多段階バッチ燃料交換(炉心中心よりの燃料集合体ほどバッチ数を小)による照射期間短縮が有力である。(3)これらのPFB比低減方策を大型炉の炉心設計(1000MWe$$^{2}$$ 領域均質炉心)に適用し、ピーク出力密度や燃焼度等、他の炉心特性への影響を抑えつつ、15$$sim$$18%程度のPFB比低減効果を得た。

The fast neutron fluence plays the major role in limiting the higher fuel burnup in large fast reactor cores with austenitic stainless steel cladding and duct. Therefore, the core design considerations are performed to reduce the peak fast fluence to average burnup ratio (PFB ratio). The important findings include as follows: (1) Key design parameters are defined which are related to the PFB ratio, and the formula for evaluating the PFB ratio of the fuel is established as: PFB ratio $$propto$$ power peaking factor/fissile enrichment $$times$$ irradiation time / core averaged irradiation time. (2) Available design methods to reduce the PFB ratio include the flux shaping by the operating control rods and the decrease of irradiation time due to the multiple batch refueling scheme. (3) These design methods are applied to the 1000 MWe homogeneous core design, resulting in the 15-18% reduction in the PFB ratio without significant penalties on the other core characteristics such as peak power density and discharge burnup.

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