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A Mutation in the ${it uvi4}$ gene promotes progression of endo-reduplication and confers increased tolerance towards ultraviolet B light

${it uvi4}$遺伝子変異は核内倍加を促進することによりB領域紫外線に対する耐性を付与する

長谷 純宏; Trung, K. H.*; 松永 司*; 田中 淳

Hase, Yoshihiro; Trung, K. H.*; Matsunaga, Tsukasa*; Tanaka, Atsushi

新しいシロイヌナズナの紫外線耐性変異体${it uvi4}$を単離しその特徴を解析した。B領域紫外線を付加した条件下での${it uvi4}$植物体の生育量は野生型の2倍以上であった。紫外線によって生成されるシクロブタン型ピリミジン二量体の修復能並びに葉に含まれる紫外線吸収物質の量は植物の紫外線耐性に重要であることが知られているが、${it uvi4}$変異体では、いずれも野生型と差が見られなかった。${it UVI4}$遺伝子は新規の塩基性タンパクをコードしていることが明らかになった。われわれは、${it uvi4}$変異体の胚軸では核内倍加が1回多く進むことを見いだした。${it uvi4}$変異体の葉においても核内倍加の促進が確認された。${it UVI4}$遺伝子は細胞分裂が盛んな組織で強く発現していた。葉の発達過程においては、${it UVI4}$遺伝子の発現は求基的に消失した。葉全体の面積は発達過程を通して${it uvi4}$変異体と野生型との間で差がみられなかったが、表皮細胞の平均面積は${it uvi4}$変異体で有意に大きいことから、${it uvi4}$では細胞数が少なくかつ細胞が大きいことがわかった。これらの結果から、${it UVI4}$が細胞の分裂状態の維持に必要であり、遺伝子の変異によって核内倍加が促進されることが示唆された。四倍体のシロイヌナズナは二倍体のシロイヌナズナに比べて紫外線に耐性であり、このことは、${it uvi4}$変異体での核内倍加の促進が紫外線耐性の原因であることを支持する。

We have isolated and characterized a new ultraviolet-B (UV-B)-resistant mutant, ${it uvi4}$, of Arabidopsis. The fresh weight of ${it uvi4}$ plants grown under supplemental UV-B light was more than twice that of the wild type. No significant difference was found in the ability to repair the UV-B-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs), or in the amount of UV-B absorptive compounds, both of which are well known factors that contribute to UV sensitivity. Positional cloning revealed that the ${it UVI4}$ gene encodes a novel basic protein of unknown function. We found that the hypocotyl cells in ${it uvi4}$ undergo one extra round of endoreduplication. The ${it uvi4}$ mutation also promoted the progression of endoreduplication during leaf development. The ${it UVI4}$ gene is expressed mainly in actively dividing cells. In the leaves of P${it UVI4}$::GUS plants, the GUS signal disappeared in basipetal fashion as the leaf developed. The total leaf blade area was not different between ${it uvi4}$ and the wild type through leaf development, while the average cell area in the adaxial epidermis was considerably larger in ${it uvi4}$, suggesting that the ${it uvi4}$ leaves have fewer but larger epidermal cells. These results suggest that the ${it UVI4}$ is necessary for the maintenance of the mitotic state and the loss of ${it UVI4}$ function stimulated endoreduplication. Tetraploid Arabidopsis was hyperresistant to UV-B compared to diploid Arabidopsis, suggesting that the enhanced polyploidization is responsible for the increased UV-B tolerance of the ${it uvi4}$.

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パーセンタイル:89.53

分野:Plant Sciences

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