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中性子照射などにより延性が大きく低下する場合の延性破壊条件

Ductile fracture criterion for reducing ductility materials under intense neutron irradiation and other environments

鈴木 一彦; 大久保 成彰   ; 實川 資朗

Suzuki, Kazuhiko; Okubo, Nariaki; Jitsukawa, Shiro

中性子照射などにより延性が著しく低下する場合の構造健全性確保を考えるうえで、延性破壊条件の解明は極めて重要である。延性破壊のメカニズムは複雑であるが、その直前に現れる局部くびれ開始条件と相関づけることを検討している。まず、破壊に至る塑性変形挙動を検討し、照射等による硬化を予ひずみと力学的に等価と考えることができ、スウィフト(Swift)式により体系的に予測できることを明らかにする。そして、冷間加工による硬化と中性子照射硬化の場合について、延性破壊条件は局部くびれ開始条件d$$sigma$$/d$$varepsilon$$=1/2$$sigma$$(ここで$$sigma$$は真応力,$$varepsilon$$は真ひずみを表す)により合理的に近似できることを示す。

A systematic criterion on ductile fracture is proposed for metallic materials with not only a high ductility but also a reducing ductility under intense neutron irradiation or under other environments, because a ductile fracture strength is a key limiting strength for assuring the structural integrity of reducing ductility components. To develop the criterion, a true stress-true strain correlation shall be formulated over the strain range to fracture. When a significant hardening is caused by neutron irradiation or by cold rolling, Swift's equation is found to suitably correlate experimental data on stress-strain curves, by adjusting a prestrain to the hardening effects. Concerning the ductile fracture criterion, it is not easy to develop that, because the ductile fracture mechanism is very complicated. The authors show that the fracture condition is approximated reasonably on the safe side by a condition on onset of local necking.

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