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RELAP5 analysis of ROSA/LSTF vessel upper head break LOCA experiment

ROSA/LSTFを用いた圧力容器上部ヘッド破断LOCA実験のRELAP5コード解析

竹田 武司 ; 浅香 英明; 鈴木 光弘; 中村 秀夫  

Takeda, Takeshi; Asaka, Hideaki; Suzuki, Mitsuhiro; Nakamura, Hideo

PWR圧力容器上部ヘッド1%小破断LOCAを模擬したROSA/LSTF実験のRELAP5コード解析を行い、コードの予測性能を検証した。解析では、maximum bounding theoryに基づく、二相破断流の流出係数Cdを0.61とした破断モデルを組み込んだ原子力機構改良版RELAP5/MOD3.2.1.2コードを使用した。実験を通じて、圧力容器水位が制御棒案内管(CRGT)下端の貫通孔に低下するまで上部プレナム内の冷却材はCRGTを介して上部ヘッドに流入することから、上部ヘッド水位が破断流量に多大な影響を与えることを見いだした。圧力容器上方の水位及び冷却材流れを模擬するため、上部ヘッド,上部プレナム,CRGT間の流路形状を正確にモデル化したが、コードは二相流放出過程における破断口上流のボイド率を過小評価し、破断流量を過大評価した。破断流量を予測するため二相破断流のCdを0.58に調整し、破断面積が炉心冷却に与える影響を調べた。破断面積が1$$sim$$2.5%のうち、1%破断の場合被覆管最高温度(PCT)が最大であること、より大きい破断の場合蓄圧注入水上の蒸気凝縮がループシールクリアリングを誘発し、効果的に炉心冷却を促進するため、PCTが1200K以下に抑えられる可能性があることを示した。

RELAP5 code analysis was performed to validate the code predictability by using ROSA/LSTF experiment data that simulated a PWR vessel upper head small break loss-of-coolant accident (SBLOCA) with a break equivalent to 1% cold leg break. The JAEA-modified RELAP5/MOD3.2.1.2 code was used by incorporating a break model that employs maximum bounding flow theory with a discharge coefficient (Cd) of 0.61 for two-phase break flow. In the experiment, liquid level in the upper head was found to control break flow rate as coolant in the upper plenum entered the upper head through control rod guide tubes (CRGTs) until the penetration holes at the CRGT bottom were exposed to steam in the upper plenum. The upper head noding and flow paths between the upper plenum and the CRGT were thus modeled to simulate well the liquid level and coolant flow around the upper portion of pressure vessel. The code, however, overpredicted the break flow rate due to the underprediction of break-upstream void fraction especially during two-phase flow discharge period. Cd for two-phase break flow was thus adjusted to be 0.58. Effects of break area on the core cooling were investigated further. The parameter analyses showed that peak cladding temperature (PCT) is the maximum at 1% break case, while the PCT would be lower than 1200 K in the larger break size cases because vapor condensation on injected accumulator coolant induces loop seal clearing and effectively enhances core cooling thereafter.

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