Nuclear proliferation-resistance and safeguards for future nuclear fuel cycle

Kuno, Yusuke; Inoue, Naoko ; Senzaki, Masao

Corresponding to the world nuclear security concerns, future nuclear fuel cycle (NFC) should have high proliferation-resistance (PR) and Physical Protection (PP), while promotion of the peaceful use of the nuclear energy must not be inhibited. In order to accomplish nuclear non-proliferation from NFC, a few models of the PR systems should be developed so that international community can recognize them as worldwide norms. To find a good balance of safeguard-ability (so-called extrinsic measure or institutional barrier) and impede-ability (intrinsic feature or technical barrier) will come to be essential for NFC designers to optimize civilian nuclear technology with nuclear non-proliferation, although the advanced Safeguards with high detectability can still play a dominant role for PR in the states complying with full institutional controls. Accomplishment of such norms in a good economic efficiency is a future key challenge.