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Free-volume structure of fluoropolymer-based radiation-grafted electrolyte membranes investigated by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy

Sawada, Shinichi; Kawasuso, Atsuo; Maekawa, Masaki; Yabuuchi, Atsushi; Maekawa, Yasunari

During the operation of polymer electrolyte fuel cell, supplied fuel gases sometimes permeate through the polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM), thereby affecting the cell performance. For developing the novel PEM with low gas permeability, it is required to obtain an insight into the micro-pore structures in the PEM, which is related to gas permeation phenomena. In this study, we investigated the miro pore structures in the crosslinked-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) based radiation-grafted PEMs by using positron annihilation lifetime (PAL) spectroscopy. From the obtained PAL spectra, there were found to be the two types of o-Ps in the PEMs. Their lifetimes are 2.0-2.1 ns and 4.3-4.5 ns, which correspond to the pore sizes of 0.28-0.30 nm and 0.44-0.45 nm, respectively. The small-size pores should be in PTFE crystallites and grafted phases, while the larger-size ones are probably in PTFE amorphous regions.

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