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Contribution of a higher order structure on relaxor behavior; Structure and dynamics of polar nano region studied by coherent X-ray diffraction

リラクサー挙動への高次構造の寄与; コヒーレントX線による極性ナノ領域の構造とダイナミクス

大和田 謙二

Owada, Kenji

91%Pb(Zn$$_{1/3}$$Nb$$_{2/3}$$)O$$_{3}$$+9%PbTiO$$_{3}$$(PZN-9%PT)は実用材料として重要であり、極性ナノ領域がその高機能性へどのようにかかわっているかに関心がある。今回はTc=455K近傍の極性ナノ領域の振る舞いをX線回折-誘電率同時計測で詳細に調べた。散漫散乱の温度変化は誘電率の温度変化ときっちり対応し、散漫散乱を与える物(極性ナノ領域)が誘電率を与えるものであるということがわかった。このことは、リラクサーに特有の挙動,大きな誘電率,周波数依存性,立方晶-正方晶相転移を理解するうえで有用な情報である。また、コヒーレントX線の利用によりPNRの発達とスローイングダウンの挙動を調べ、立方晶-正方晶相転移過程での高次構造の寄与に関する情報を得ることに成功した。

We studied PNR of 91%Pb(Zn$$_{1/3}$$Nb$$_{2/3}$$)O$$_{3}$$+9%PbTiO$$_{3}$$ (PZN-9%PT) by means of coherent X-ray diffractions for obtaining the information concerning the function of PNR on relaxor. The sample PZN-9%PT is important material for industrial applications. We carefully studied PZN-9%PT around Tc and found behaviors of temperature dependence of diffuse scattering to be very similar to those of dielectric constants, including their hysteresis, for the first time. It clearly indicates that the dielectric constant is given by the one giving the diffuse scattering. The diffuse scattering, in this case, comes from PNRs. These results strongly suggest that the behavior of higher order structures, such as PNRs, is a key for understanding the relaxor phenomena i.e., large dielectric constants, dielectric dispersion and cubic-to-tetragonal phase transtition. Evolution and slowing down of the PNR towards Tc were also observed.

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