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核融合炉実現を目指したトリチウム研究の新展開,6; トリチウムの閉じ込めに関わる高濃度トリチウム水および有機物の化学的現象の解明

Tritium science and technology for fusion reactor, 6; Studies on chemical phenomena of high concentration tritium water and organic compounds of tritium from viewpoint of the tritium confinement

山西 敏彦; 林 巧; 岩井 保則; 磯部 兼嗣; 原 正憲*; 杉山 貴彦*; 奥野 健二*

Yamanishi, Toshihiko; Hayashi, Takumi; Iwai, Yasunori; Isobe, Kanetsugu; Hara, Masanori*; Sugiyama, Takahiko*; Okuno, Kenji*

平成19年度より文部科学省科学研究費特定領域「核融合炉実現を目指したトリチウム研究の新展開」が採択され発足した。6個の「計画研究」班を置き、核融合で使用されるトリチウムについての社会的受容性を高めるための活動を行っている。本報告は、原子力研究開発機構が中心となっている計画研究班、C01班のこれまでの研究成果,今後の計画を記述したものである。C01班では、核融合炉でのトリチウム閉じ込め技術を確立することを最終的な目標とする。そのために、特に基礎研究の進展とデータ取得が強く望まれている「高濃度トリチウム水及び有機物の化学的現象の解明」を目的に研究を行っている。具体的には、(1)トリチウム水及び有機トリチウムが物理的閉じこめ障壁に与える影響の解明:トリチウム水及び有機トリチウムの化学反応による生成物の特定、その反応生成物による閉じ込め障壁に対する腐食、浸透現象の解明、(2)トリチウム水及び有機トリチウムの機能的閉じ込めの研究:トリチウム水及び有機トリチウムのセラミック、触媒での反応の速度の測定、反応速度に影響を与える因子の特定、を行う。

In a fusion reactor, tritium must be handled in a vacuum vessel, a fuel cycle, and other systems. It is quite significant subject how to confine the tritium in these systems. ITER is the first machine in the world where the tritium confinement would be demonstrated. It is essential to establish a series of database for tritium handling technology to analyze the data obtained at ITER. Especially, it is strongly desired to get the data for tritium water. This is because tritium water is much hazardous than the hydrogen form of tritium. For these reasons, our attention is focused on the study on the behavior of tritium water in the fuel cycle system and structural materials of the system. As for the behavior of high concentration tritium water, we could get the first series of valuable data for the corrosion of the tritium water against metal materials in the world. The behavior of tritium in a surface area of metal and organic compounds was also discussed. As for tritium recovery from tritium water, we could get the data on an advanced chemical exchange column. The chemical exchange column has been applied in ITER as the tritium recovery system from tritium water. Our data showed that the column performance could be remarkably improved. Tritium durability and catalyst tests have also been carried out for the chemical exchange column. Some other possible method for the tritium recovery has also been studied such as an advance adsorption method.

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