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Study on migration behaviour of $$^{237}$$Np and $$^{241}$$Am in near-surface environments

地表環境における$$^{237}$$Np及び$$^{241}$$Amの動態に関する研究

田中 忠夫 ; Ya-Anant, N.*

Tanaka, Tadao; Ya-Anant, N.*

環境モニタリング及び放射線防護の観点から、再処理施設等を起源として地表面に沈着した$$^{237}$$Np及び$$^{241}$$Amの環境動態について実験的に検討した。収着特性が異なる2種類の土:砂質土及び赤色土を対象として、土カラム表面に収着させた$$^{237}$$Np及び$$^{241}$$Amを模擬地下水で溶離させる実験を行った。砂質土間隙水中で、$$^{237}$$Npは陽イオン及び粒子状化学種で存在した。粒子状化学種は、砂質土と相互作用せずにカラム中を動いた。一方、陽イオン性化学種の移行は、可逆的なイオン交換反応と非可逆的な反応の両方に支配された。$$^{241}$$Amは比較的大きな粒子を形成し、土カラム内にトラップされた。赤色土表面に収着した$$^{237}$$Np及び$$^{241}$$Amは、溶離液注入量の増加とともにカラム深部へと移行した。収着メカニズムはイオン交換反応に支配され、移行挙動は分配係数モデルで評価可能であることを示した。

Laboratory scale experiments were performed to investigate migration behavior of $$^{237}$$Np and $$^{241}$$Am, which were deposited onto the ground surface from spent fuel reprocessing facilities, in near-surface environment. Column migration experiments were conducted by varying the volume of eluting solution, for a sandy soil and a reddish soil. There seemed to be two chemical species of $$^{237}$$Np in the sandy soil column; one is cationic and the other is particulate form. The particulates moved without significant interaction with the sandy soil. The sorption of cationic $$^{237}$$Np was controlled by both a reversible ion-exchange reaction and irreversible reactions. Most of $$^{241}$$Am formed rather large particulates and trapped in the sandy soil column. The $$^{237}$$Np and $$^{241}$$Am loaded into the reddish soil column moved deeper with increasing eluting volume. The sorption was mainly controlled by ion-exchange reaction. The migration behavior could be significantly evaluated by the distribution coefficient.

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分野:Environmental Sciences

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