構造物の衝撃解析の最先端

The Latest technology of impact analysis for structures

西田 明美  

Nishida, Akemi

兵庫県南部地震を契機に、衝突や衝撃的な荷重による構造被害に着目し、さまざまな分野で衝撃にかかわる検討がなされてきた。本稿では、衝撃問題にかかわるこれまでの成果や文献等を参考とし、衝撃問題の基礎事項(定義,事例,基礎理論)や主な数値解析法を概説する。また、土木学会で実施されたラウンドロビン解析(所定の実験に対して各々の機関が独自に再現解析を実施し、それぞれの手法や結果を比較検討すること)を紹介し、最後に設計のための耐衝撃ガイドライン作成へ向けた取り組みの現状について紹介する。

The structural damages caused by impact loads have been assessed since the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu Earthquake. In this report, an outline of the basic concepts and the main numerical analytical methods used to solve the impact problem is presented along with related studies in this field. In addition, the round robin analysis performed by the Japan Society of Civil Engineers is introduced. This analysis consists of a pre-analysis and a post-analysis for the identical predetermined experiment. Some different kinds of analysis are carried out by different organizations and the results are compared. Finally, the plan for guidelines of- architectural designs under impact loads is presented.