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Phenomenological formula of alpha-decay half-lives

$$alpha$$崩壊半減期の現象論的公式

小浦 寛之   

Koura, Hiroyuki

$$alpha$$崩壊の$$Q$$値から部分半減期を求める現象論的公式を提案した。この公式は球形クーロンポテンシャルにおける荷電粒子の透過の考察から得るという伝統的な方法で得られるが、含まれるパラメータは$$alpha$$粒子の衝突頻度$$N$$,電荷半径とクーロン障壁の距離パラメータ$$d_0$$、及び平均的偶奇抑制項$$h_0$$の3つを除いて物理定数から求めた定数とする。これら3つの値は従来のViola-Seaborg公式といった伝統的な公式に比べて物理的に合理的な値が選ばれている。平均自乗誤差は$$log_{10}$$単位で偶偶核で0.344、奇質量数核で0.740、奇奇核で0.940である。得られた公式は超重核領域でおおむね2倍から3倍程度長い半減期を示し、これは最近の実験データをよく再現している。

A phenomenological formula for the partial half-life from the $$Q$$ value for $$alpha$$ decay is presented. It is constructed in a conventional way by considering of the penetrability of a charged particle on a spherical Coulomb potential. Besides the product of the collision frequency of an alpha particle and the formation probability, $$N$$, the distance between the charge radius and the radius of an inner point of the Coulomb barrier, $$r_0$$, and the odd-mass hindrance, $$h_0$$, the parameters in the formula are fixed because they are determined by physical constants. The three adjustable parameter values are reasonable, in contrast with those of the Viola-Seaborg formula. The RMS deviations from experimental partial half-lives for even-even, odd-$$A$$, and odd-odd nuclei are 0.344, 0.740, and 0.940 (in log$$_{10}$$), respectively. The obtained formula gives half-lives that are two or three times longer than those obtained using the Viola-Seaborg formula in the superheavy nuclear mass region.

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パーセンタイル:71.22

分野:Nuclear Science & Technology

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