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Process flow sheet evaluation of a nuclear hydrogen steelmaking plant applying high temperature gas-cooled reactors for efficient steel production with less CO$$_{2}$$ emissions

高温ガス炉による原子力水素製鉄におけるCO$$_{2}$$排出低減のフローシート評価

笠原 清司  ; 稲垣 嘉之; 小川 益郎

Kasahara, Seiji; Inagaki, Yoshiyuki; Ogawa, Masuro

石炭を非化石エネルギーによる水素に置き換えた製鉄プラントはCO$$_{2}$$排出低減に有効である。高温ガス炉-熱化学法ISプロセスによる原子力水素製鉄(NHS)におけるCO$$_{2}$$排出低減のフローシート評価を行った。投入物質製造,輸送,発電を含む投入熱とCO$$_{2}$$排出量を高炉製鉄(BFS)と比較した。NHSの投入熱はBFSの141-159%と大きいものであったが、CO$$_{2}$$排出は9-17%にまで低減された。シャフト炉に吹き込まれる水素を石炭燃焼により予熱することで、CO$$_{2}$$排出は少し増加するものの、投入熱低減には有効であった。原子炉の製鉄プラントへの近接立地の問題が解決されれば、核熱での水素の直接加熱はCO$$_{2}$$排出の増加無く熱収支を改善できることが期待された。水素製造効率がNHSの投入熱に及ぼす影響は大きかった。600MW規模の高温ガス炉を単位とするNHSプラントはシャフト炉と電気炉を1基ずつ備え、製鉄量は7.43$$times$$10$$^{5}$$t/yとなった。

Nuclear hydrogen steelmaking (NHS) system was evaluated by flow sheet analysis using High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactors (HTGRs) and thermochemical hydrogen production IS process. Heat input and CO$$_{2}$$ emissions of the system including material production, material transportation, and power generation were evaluation criteria. The result was compared with that of a conventional blast furnace steelmaking (BFS) system. Though total heat input to the NHS system was 141-159% of the BFS system, CO$$_{2}$$ emissions were 9-17%. Pre-heating of hydrogen by coal combustion before blowing to the shaft furnace was effective to decrease heat input although CO$$_{2}$$ emissions increased a little. Direct nuclear pre-heating was expected to be less heat input without increase of CO$$_{2}$$ emissions if the problems with nearby location of the nuclear reactor to the steelmaking plant would be solved. Influence of hydrogen production thermal efficiency on heat input of the NHS was great. A conceptual design of a plant unit of the NHS system producing steel of 7.43$$times$$10$$^{5}$$ t/y with a HTGR of 600 MW heat and a shaft furnace and an electric arc furnace was proposed.

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