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高レベル放射性廃棄物の核変換技術の現状と展望

Present status and prospect of transmutation technology for high-level radioactive waste

大井川 宏之 

Oigawa, Hiroyuki

核変換技術は、高レベル放射性廃棄物(HLW)中のマイナーアクチノイド(MA)を核反応によって短寿命又は安定な核種に変換する技術である。これにより、HLWの潜在的有害度や処分に要する面積を低減できる。加速器駆動核変換システム(ADS)はMA核変換のための専用ツールとして世界各国でさまざまな研究開発が行われており、国際協力を活用してその推進を図るべきである。その中心的な役割を果たす施設の一つとして、J-PARCの核変換実験施設が提案されている。

The transmutation technology is to transform minor actinides (MA) in high-level radioactive waste (HLW) to short-lived or stable nuclides by nuclear reactions. It makes it possible to reduce the potential radiological hazard of HLW and the area to dispose of it. The accelerator-driven system (ADS) is recognized as a dedicated tool to transmute MA, and variety of research and development activities for it are under way in the world. The research areas to be covered spread over wide range of scientific and technological fields on an accelerator, a spallation target, materials, nuclear reactor engineering, nuclear fuel. It is, therefore, of great importance to facilitate international collaboration. The Transmutation Experimental Facility of J-PARC is being proposed as one of possible centers of excellence.

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