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Sodium experiments on natural circulation decay heat removal and 3D simulation of plenum thermal hydraulics

自然循環による崩壊熱除去に関するナトリウム試験並びにプレナム内熱流動に関する3次元解析

上出 英樹 ; 小野 綾子 ; 木村 暢之; 遠藤 淳二*; 渡辺 収*

Kamide, Hideki; Ono, Ayako; Kimura, Nobuyuki; Endo, Junji*; Watanabe, Osamu*

自然循環による崩壊熱除去は長期の全電源喪失時など高速炉の安全性評価において重要な特性である。ここでは7集合体炉心モデルを有するナトリウム試験装置を用い、自然循環時の炉心部熱流動現象並びに崩壊熱除去系における自然循環特性を明らかにした。炉心部では集合体間ギャップ部を通る自然対流(インターラッパーフロー)の顕著な除熱効果を確認するとともに、長期崩壊熱除去における空気冷却器の低温条件下での自然循環特性を明らかにした。また、崩壊熱除去系熱交換器の自然循環時の3次元熱流動現象(温度成層化やバイパスフロー)について3次元解析手法の適用性を実験との比較により示した。

Natural circulation decay heat removal is one of the significant issues for fast reactor safety, especially in long term station blackout events. Several sodium experiments were carried out using a 7-subassmbly core model for core thermal hydraulics under natural circulation conditions and for onset transients of natural circulation in a decay heat removal system (DHRS) including natural draft. Significant heat removal via inter-wrapper flow was confirmed in the experiments. Solidification of sodium in an air cooler is one of key issues in loss of heat sink events. Natural circulation characteristics under long-term decay heat removal were also obtained. Multi-dimensional phenomena, e.g., thermal stratification and bypass flow in plenums and/or heat exchangers, may influence the natural circulation. Thus, 3D simulation method was developed for entire region in the primary loop. Comparison of temperature distributions in a DHRS heat exchanger between experiment and analysis was done.

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