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超臨界流体抽出法を用いた前処理法の高度化

Advance of pretreatment method using supercritical fluid extraction

永岡 美佳  ; 藤田 博喜

Nagaoka, Mika; Fujita, Hiroki

環境試料中に含まれる放射能を分析する際、前処理により試料中に混在する有機物を分解除去する必要がある。この有機物分解除去工程では、大量の酸溶液を使用するため、酸溶液を用いた工程に代わる、超臨界流体を利用した新しい処理法を開発する。様々な条件下で、土壌試料を用いた超臨界水での反応の結果、安定Srが最大で60%が溶媒中に抽出された。一方でウランについては、抽出されなかった。今後。反応時に触媒等を添加することで、抽出率の向上を目指していき、超臨界水を用いた新たな前処理法を考案する。

The radioactivities in the environmental samples are analyzed to monitor the nuclear power facilities. The pretreatment of radioactive nuclides of alpha and beta emitters in the environmental samples is performed with acid to decompose organic matter and extract object nuclide such as Sr-90, U and Pu. However, the pretreatment using acid has many problems of acid effluent and gas, corrosion of facilities and so on. Therefore, we develop to the new pretreatment method using supercritical water instead of acid. At first, we investigate the extraction yield of stable Sr and U-238 in solvent in the SCWO reaction on various situations. The yield of stable Sr was at most about 60%, while U-238 was less than 1% in this study. In the future, we try to apply a catalyst in the SCWO to increase the yield of extraction.

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