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Effect of dissolved gases on mechanical property of AISI 304 and 316 stainless steels under high temperature and pressure water

高温高圧水中における304及び316ステンレス鋼の機械的性質に対する溶存ガスの影響

武内 伴照   ; 中野 寛子  ; 上原 聡明; 土谷 邦彦 

Takeuchi, Tomoaki; Nakano, Hiroko; Uehara, Toshiaki; Tsuchiya, Kunihiko

福島第一原子力発電所事故以降、過酷事故時における原子炉監視システムの重要性が高まっている。その開発の一環として、平常時及び過酷事故環境で使用可能な無機絶縁(MI)ケーブルの開発に着手した。本研究では、炉水環境のMIケーブルの機械的な健全性を調べるため、高温高圧純水中におけるケーブル被覆材の破壊特性に対する溶存酸素の影響を調べた。被覆材として、SUS304及び316ステンレス鋼を選定し、325$$^{circ}$$C$$times$$15MPaにて5$$times$$10$$^{-3}$$mm/minで低ひずみ速度法による引張試験を行った。その結果、両鋼材とも、溶存酸素が8500から50ppbでは延性破壊のみが生じ、引張強度や延びに変化は無かった。一方、10及び1ppbでは、破面周縁部に脆性破壊が生じ、引張強度及び延びがともに減少した。以上から、高温高圧純水環境において、溶存酸素が100ppb以下の領域にSUS304及び316が脆性破壊を起こす閾値が存在することが示唆された。

Monitoring system of the nuclear power plants during a severe accident has increased in importance after the accident at the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant. As part of the system, the development of mineral insulated (MI) cables available under the normal and severe environments was started. In this study, in order to investigate mechanical integrity of MI cables in reactor coolant condition, effects of dissolved oxygen on fracture properties of the sheath materials of the MI cables in high temperature and pressure pure water were evaluated. As the sheath materials, AISI 304 and 316 stainless steels were selected and slow strain rate testing was performed at 5$$times$$10$$^{-3}$$ mm/min in strain rate in pure water at 325$$^{circ}$$C and 15 MPa. In both the cases of the 304 and 316 steel, from 8500 to 50 ppb dissolved oxygen (DO), fully ductile fracture surfaces were observed and tensile strength and breaking elongation were almost the same values. However, at 10 and 1 ppb DO, brittle fracture surfaces were observed around the outer edge of the samples, and the tensile strength and breaking elongation decreased. The results indicated the existence of a threshold level of DO for brittle fracture of both the steels at lower than 100 ppb.

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