Efforts and findings through capacity building support by ISCN/JAEA for additional protocol and revised small quantity protocol to comprehensive safeguards agreement

ISCN/JAEAによる包括的保障措置協定の追加議定書及び改正少量議定書に関する人材育成支援事業

川久保 陽子; 関根 恵 ; 野呂 尚子; 井上 尚子 ; 直井 洋介 

Kawakubo, Yoko; Sekine, Megumi; Noro, Naoko; Inoue, Naoko; Naoi, Yosuke

Integrated Support Center for Nuclear Nonproliferation and Nuclear Security (ISCN) is a regional training center on safeguards and nuclear security for Asian countries which was established under Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) in December 2010. ISCN has hosted IAEA training course on the implementation of safeguards in the states with Small Quantity Protocol (SQP course) in 2018 and 2019, and will virtually host it in 2021 inviting the countries with original or revised SQP. The SQP courses promote the States with original SQP to revise it and support the States with revised SQP to undertake its reporting obligations. Bilateral support has the advantage in providing "tailor-made" opportunities to the specific States. Awareness raising seminars for the high-level officials are helpful to encourage the States that have not yet concluded the Additional Protocol (AP), as well as practical workshops for technical level using the real nuclear facilities in the States. A successful example of such case was the bi-lateral cooperation for Viet Nam which ratified AP in 2013 after providing intensive support between 2011 and 2013."Additional Protocol and Commodity Identification Training (AP-CIT)" is a powerful tool to learn how to identify the items listed in Annex II of AP. ISCN developed and conducted national AP-CIT in Myanmar, 2015 and in Thailand, 2017. It also conducted a regional AP-CIT in 2021 (virtual). Based on the experiences of AP-CIT development, a gap was identified between the list of nuclear items set out in Annex II of AP and NSG Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) guideline Part 1 or Zangger list. This paper will present the efforts by ISCN in the capacity building for enhancement of IAEA safeguards and discuss the gap between NSG guideline/Zangger list and Annex II of AP that ISCN has identified through conducting related training courses.