武力紛争時における原子力施設での日本の国内対応

How to respond to armed attacks in nuclear facilities in Japan

福井 康人 

Fukui, Yasuhito

ロシアによるウクライナの侵攻に伴い、ロシアがウクライナの原子力施設を攻撃した事件は日本でも真剣な懸念を引き起こした。しかしながら、日本では必要な行政措置は取られており、日本国内の現行法で対処可能であり、付加的な措置も不必要である。平時には炉規法に基づく核物質防護が実施され、事業者、警察、海上保安庁がその任を担っている。しかしながら、予想外の事態が発生して警察ベースのレベルの閾値を超えると、地方自治体等の要請により、国民保護法が発動され、通常の核物質防護に加えて、内閣官房及び関連する権限ある当局は自衛隊、地方自治体及び指定機関が対処する命令を出すことになる。

After the Russian invasion on Ukrainian territory, which accompanied armed attacks in nuclear facilities in Ukraine, these incidents triggered serious concerns in Japan. Fortunately, in Japan, the necessary administrative mechanism is already established based on the currently effective laws and regulations and no additional measures are necessary to prepare for this purpose. Usually, un ordinary physical protection operations are deemed to execute in accordance with the Nuclear Reactor Regulation Act for the operators together with Japanese police and Japan coastal guards etc. However, once the unexpected incident exceeds the threshold of police-based physical protection, upon request of local governments etc., Armed Attack Situations Response Act and Civil Protection Act is activated. In addition to the ordinary physical protection, thus Prime Minister's Cabinet Office and competent authorities concerned order to protect nuclear facilities especially by Japan self-defense force, local government and designated institutions etc. in other words to protect Japanese nationals.