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低温凝縮層中の水素及びメタン分子の核スピン転換

Nuclear spin conversion of hydrogen and methane molecules inside low-temperature condensed layers

山川 紘一郎   

Yamakawa, Koichiro

水素原子核を回転対称位置に有する分子は、その合成核スピンによって区別される核スピン異性体を持つ。同種粒子の不可弁別性に由来する対称性の制約により、各異性体は特定の回転準位のみを占有する。異性体間の転換は凝縮系では促進され、転換する分子の余剰回転エネルギーは凝縮系へと散逸する。本総説では、基本的な分子である水素とメタンに焦点を当て、低温凝縮層内に捕捉されたこれら分子の核スピン変換の研究を解説する。

Molecules including hydrogen nuclei in the rotationally symmetric positions are classified into the nuclear spin isomers, according to their resultant spin. Owing to the symmetry restriction originating from the indistinguishability of the identical particles, each isomer occupies only specific rotational levels. The conversion between the isomers is promoted in condensed systems, where the excess rotational energy of a converting molecule is dissipated. In this review, I focus on the fundamental molecules of hydrogen and methane, and expound studies on their nuclear spin conversion inside condensed layers at low temperatures.

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