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論文

Electronic approach to understand the wettability of surface treated titanium with liquid sodium

浪江 将成; 斉藤 淳一; 岡 涼太郎*; Kim, J.-H.*

Vacuum, 234, p.114038_1 - 114038_9, 2025/04

Wettability of titanium (Ti) and surface-modified (Oxidized or Fluorinated) Ti with liquid sodium (Na) were investigated via experiments and theoretical calculations. From the experimental results, a sliding angle of Na droplet on oxidized Ti was smaller than that on untreated Ti, indicating the worsening of wettability by oxidation. In contrast, the sliding angle of Na droplet on fluoridated Ti was larger than that on untreated Ti, indicating an improvement in wettability by fluorination. Additionally, the cluster models for the interface between Na droplets and treated or untreated Ti were constructed for theoretical calculations of electronic states at the interface, covalent and ionic bonds at the interface were evaluated from the calculation results. The sliding angles obtained in the wettability tests and the strength of covalent bonding at the interface showed no correlation, but good correlation was observed between the sliding angles and ionic bonding at the interface. Thus, the wettability of surface-modified Ti with liquid Na can be theoretically understood based on the atomic interactions at the interface.

論文

Phase and contrast moir$'e$ signatures in two-dimensional cone beam interferometry

Sarenac, D.*; Gorbet, G.*; Clark, C. W.*; Cory, D. G.*; Ekinci, H.*; Henderson, M. E.*; Huber, M. G.*; Hussey, D. S.*; Kapahi, C.*; Kienzle, P. A.*; et al.

Physical Review Research (Internet), 6(3), p.L032054_1 - L032054_8, 2024/09

Neutron interferometry has played a distinctive role in fundamental science and characterization of materials. Moir$'e$ neutron interferometers are candidate next-generation instruments: they offer microscopy-like magnification of the signal, enabling direct camera recording of interference patterns across the full neutron wavelength spectrum. Here we demonstrate the extension of phase-grating moir$'e$ interferometry to two-dimensional geometries. Our measurements of phase topologies and gravitationally induced phase shifts are in good agreement with theory.

論文

Applicability of fluorine gas surface treatment to control liquid sodium wettability

浪江 将成; 斉藤 淳一; 池田 明日香; 岡 涼太郎*; Kim, J.-H.*

Surfaces (Internet), 7(3), p.550 - 559, 2024/09

The iron (Fe) specimens selected as the substrate metal for this study were surface-treated using fluorine gas, and their wettability with liquid sodium (Na) was evaluated using the sliding angle. Additionally, the surface morphology and binding state were analyzed, and the applicability of wettability control with liquid sodium by fluorination was discussed using the analysis results. Fluorination formed a fluoride layer comprising FeF$$_{2}$$ and FeF$$_{3}$$ bonds on the iron surface. The composition of the fluoride layer varied, depending on the treatment conditions. The surface of the specimen that contains a lot of FeF$$_{3}$$ bonds had a small sliding angle for the liquid sodium droplet and was harder to wet than the untreated specimen. In contrast, the surface of the specimen that contains a lot of FeF$$_{2}$$ bonds had a large sliding angle for the liquid sodium droplet and was easier to wet than the untreated specimen. These results indicate that fluorination is an effective surface modification technique that can be applied to control the wettability of iron with liquid sodium.

論文

Intriguing aspects of light baryon resonances

Khemchandani, K. P.*; Mart$'i$nez Torres, A.*; Kim, S.-H.*; Nam, S.-I.*; 保坂 淳; 永廣 秀子*

EPJ Web of Conferences, 301, p.03001_1 - 03001_10, 2024/08

 被引用回数:0 パーセンタイル:0.00(Physics, Nuclear)

3個の軽いクォークからなるバリオン共鳴がバレンスクォーク模型で記述できない例について議論する。

論文

Mechanical properties of base metal and heat-affected zone in friction-stir-welded AA6061-T6 at ultra-low temperature of 20 K

Nguyen, T.-D.*; Singh, C.*; Kim, Y. S.*; Han, J. H. *; Lee, D.-H.*; Lee, K.*; Harjo, S.; Lee, S. Y.*

Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 31, p.1547 - 1556, 2024/07

 被引用回数:0 パーセンタイル:0.00(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

This study investigates the mechanical properties of a friction-stir-welded (FSW) AA6061-T6 aluminum alloy at ultra-low temperature (ULT) of 20 K. In-situ neutron diffraction and orientation imaging microscopy were employed to compare the tensile deformation behavior of the base metal (BM) and heat-affected zone (HAZ) in the FSW aluminum plate. The results demonstrate that compared to room-temperature (RT), ULT induces a significant improvement in tensile strength and ductility in both the BM and HAZ. The enhanced mechanical properties in BM at ULT result from a more homogeneous deformation than occurs at RT. On the other hand, HAZ at ULT exhibits an even lower yield strength than at RT, but the strain hardening rate (SHR) is the most significant among the alloys, leading to a tensile strength of 346 MPa and the highest ductility of 46.8%. The lowest yield strength corresponds to the lowest-hardness zones in HAZ, caused by dissolved/coarsened precipitates during the FSW process.

論文

In-situ neutron diffraction study of serration-involved ultra-cryogenic deformation behavior at 15 K

Kim, Y. S.*; Chae, H.*; Lee, D.-Y.*; Han, J. H. *; Hong, S.-K.*; Na, Y. S.*; Harjo, S.; 川崎 卓郎; Woo, W.*; Lee, S.-Y.*

Materials Science & Engineering A, 899, p.146453_1 - 146453_7, 2024/05

 被引用回数:1 パーセンタイル:63.56(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)

This work focused on the mechanical properties and serration-involved deformation behavior of advanced alloys at 15 K. Evolution of stacking faults and $$varepsilon$$-martensite improved the mechanical performance of CoCrNi alloys, and significant strain-induced martensite transformation of DED-SS316L led to superior strength and strain hardening. A magnitude in stress drop was governed by dislocation density, phase type, and lattice defects, irrespective of processing method. FCC {200} notably was influenced recovery behavior after stress drop, and the contribution of strain energy density by serration on tensile toughness was the greatest for HR-CoCrNi.

論文

Adsorption behavior of platinum-group metals and Co-existing metal ions from simulated high-level liquid waste using HONTA and Crea impregnated adsorbent

大沢 直樹*; Kim, S.-Y.*; 久保田 真彦*; Wu, H.*; 渡部 創; 伊藤 辰也; 永石 隆二

Nuclear Engineering and Technology, 56(3), p.812 - 818, 2024/03

 被引用回数:1 パーセンタイル:75.38(Nuclear Science & Technology)

An impregnated silica-based adsorbent was prepared by combining HONTA extractant, Crea extractant, and macroporous silica polymer composite particles (SiO$$_{2}$$-P). The performance of platinum-group metals adsorption and separation on prepared (HONTA + Crea)/SiO$$_{2}$$-P adsorbent was assessed by batch-adsorption and chromatographic separation studies. (HONTA + Crea)/SiO$$_{2}$$-P adsorbent showed high adsorption performance of Pd(II) owing to an affinity between Pd(II) and Crea extractant based on the Hard and Soft Acids and Bases theory. The chromatographic experiment showed that Pd(II) was recovered entirely from the feed solution using 0.2 M thiourea in 0.1 M HNO$$_{3}$$. Possibility of recovery of Zr(IV), Mo(VI), and Re(VII) was also observed using the (HONTA + Crea)/SiO$$_{2}$$-P adsorbent.

論文

Onset of collectivity for argon isotopes close to $$N=32$$

Linh, B. D.*; Corsi, A.*; Gillibert, A.*; Obertelli, A.*; Doornenbal, P.*; Barbieri, C.*; Duguet, T.*; G$'o$mez-Ramos, M.*; Holt, J. D.*; Hu, B. S.*; et al.

Physical Review C, 109(3), p.034312_1 - 034312_15, 2024/03

 被引用回数:1 パーセンタイル:72.68(Physics, Nuclear)

理化学研究所RIビームファクトリーにて中性子過剰核$$^{50}$$Arビームからの1中性子ノックアウト反応実験を行い、$$^{49}$$Arのエネルギー準位および分光学的因子を導出した。特に、第一励起状態の$$1/2^-$$への分光学的因子が大きいことから、始状態の$$^{50}$$Arの基底状態において中性子が$$p_{1/2}$$軌道を多く占めていることがわかった。これは、中性子数32がよい魔法数として知られる$$^{52}$$Caとは異なった性質であり、カルシウムからアルゴンへと陽子が2個減ることで閉殻構造が大きく崩れることが明らかになった。

論文

Impact of interatomic structural characteristics of aluminosilicate hydrate on the mechanical properties of metakaolin-based geopolymer

Kim, G.*; Cho, S.-M.*; Im, S.*; Suh, H.*; 諸岡 聡; 菖蒲 敬久; 兼松 学*; 町田 晃彦*; Bae, S.*

Construction and Building Materials, 411, p.134529_1 - 134529_18, 2024/01

 被引用回数:6 パーセンタイル:64.44(Construction & Building Technology)

This study explores the influence of the interatomic structure of sodium aluminosilicate hydrate (N-A-S-H) with varying silica contents on the mechanical properties of metakaolin-based geopolymer. Geopolymer pastes comprising Si/Al ratios between 2.0 and 3.0 were synthesized. A larger number of Si-O-Si linkages compared to Si-O-Al linkages and a higher atomic number density were found in the geopolymers with higher silica contents, which enhanced the compressive strength of the geopolymer pastes up to the optimal Si/Al ratio of 2.5. The paste with a Si/Al = 2.5 exhibited a greater portion of Q$$^{4}$$(1Al and 2Al) and denser morphology compared to the other geopolymer pastes. Furthermore, in-situ high-energy synchrotron X-ray scattering experiments were conducted to assess the elastic modulus of the aluminosilicate structure at a local atomic scale. The modulus value in real space decreases with increasing silica contents up to Si/Al = 2.5 and increases with the presence of excessive unreacted silica fume. The modulus value in reciprocal space for the axial and lateral directions both presented a positive value at the geopolymer comprising a Si/Al ratio higher than 2.5, indicating that the load-bearing property of N-A-S-H changed at higher Si/Al ratios. Moreover, the smallest difference between the strains along the axial and lateral directions was detected for the geopolymer with Si/Al = 2.5 in both the real and reciprocal space, owing to the most interconnected and flexible nanostructure, which led to the highest mechanical strength.

論文

Local structural changes in V-Ti-Cr alloy hydrides with hydrogen absorption/desorption cycling

池田 一貴*; 佐次田 頌*; 大友 季哉*; 大下 英敏*; 本田 孝志*; 羽合 孝文*; 齋藤 開*; 伊藤 晋一*; 横尾 哲也*; 榊 浩司*; et al.

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 51(Part A), p.79 - 87, 2024/01

 被引用回数:4 パーセンタイル:34.52(Chemistry, Physical)

Low-vanadium-concentration alloys have low durability, and their hydrogen absorption and desorption amounts decrease by 20% after 100 cycles. In this study, we conducted reverse Monte Carlo modeling on X-ray diffraction patterns and neutron pair distribution functions of the hydrogen-absorbed and desorbed samples of a V$$_{0.10}$$Ti$$_{0.36}$$Cr$$_{0.54}$$ alloy to analyze the variations in the local structure. The local structure surrounding the hydrogen atom in the hydrogen-absorbed phase exhibited minimal changes. In contrast, hydrogen occupied both tetrahedral and octahedral sites of the hydrogen-desorbed phase almost equally during the early cycles; however, the amount of hydrogen occupying the tetrahedral sites increased with the number of cycles.

論文

Characteristic microstructural phase evolution and the compressive strength development mechanisms of tricalcium silicate pastes under various initial carbonation curing environments

Cho, S.*; Suh, H.*; Im, S.*; Kim, G.*; 兼松 学*; 諸岡 聡; 町田 晃彦*; 菖蒲 敬久; Bae, S.*

Construction and Building Materials, 409, p.133866_1 - 133866_20, 2023/12

 被引用回数:9 パーセンタイル:76.50(Construction & Building Technology)

The effects of various initial carbonation curing environments on the phase evolution and resulting mechanical characteristics of tricalcium silicate paste were studied. For the analyses of the reaction products and microstructure, synchrotron X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and high-resolution X-ray computed tomography were utilized. C$$_{3}$$S cured under carbonation environment pressurized by 0.1 MPa showed excellent mechanical properties owing to the highest degree of reaction and homogeneous generation of CaCO$$_{3}$$ with low-Ca/Si calcium silicate hydrates, resulting in a dense matrix with refined pore structure. C$$_{3}$$S paste treated under other carbonation conditions underwent deteriorative microstructural phase transitions, including void evolution by decalcification of C-S-H and an inhomogeneous composition of crystalline phases, resulting in inferior properties.

論文

Tetrahedral triple-Q magnetic ordering and large spontaneous Hall conductivity in the metallic triangular antiferromagnet Co$$_{1/3}$$TaS$$_{2}$$

Park, P.*; Cho, W.*; Kim, C.*; An, Y.*; Kang, Y.-G.*; Avdeev, M.*; Sibille, R.*; 飯田 一樹*; 梶本 亮一; Lee, K. H.*; et al.

Nature Communications (Internet), 14, p.8346_1 - 8346_9, 2023/12

 被引用回数:13 パーセンタイル:81.42(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

The triangular lattice antiferromagnet (TLAF) has been the standard paradigm of frustrated magnetism for several decades. The most common magnetic ordering in insulating TLAFs is the 120$$^{circ}$$ structure. However, a new triple-$$mathbf{Q}$$ chiral ordering can emerge in metallic TLAFs, representing the short wavelength limit of magnetic skyrmion crystals. We report the metallic TLAF Co$$_{1/3}$$TaS$$_{2}$$ as the first example of tetrahedral triple-$$mathbf{Q}$$ magnetic ordering with the associated topological Hall effect (non-zero $$sigma_{xy}(mathbf{H}=0)$$). We also present a theoretical framework that describes the emergence of this magnetic ground state, which is further supported by the electronic structure measured by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Additionally, our measurements of the inelastic neutron scattering cross section are consistent with the calculated dynamical structure factor of the tetrahedral triple-$$mathbf{Q}$$ state.

論文

3D-printed epidermal sweat microfluidic systems with integrated microcuvettes for precise spectroscopic and fluorometric biochemical assays

Yang, D. S.*; Wu, Y.*; Kanatzidis, E. E.*; Avila, R.*; Zhou, M.*; Bai, Y.*; Chen, S.*; 関根 由莉奈; Kim, J.*; Deng, Y.*; et al.

Materials Horizons, 10(11), p.4992 - 5003, 2023/09

 被引用回数:10 パーセンタイル:82.64(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)

本論文では、ハード及びソフトハイブリッド材料システムでの3Dプリントによって形成されたマイクロ流体ネットワーク、統合バルブ、およびマイクロスケール光学キュベットにより、汗成分に対してその場で分光および蛍光分析した成果を紹介する。一連の試験により、これらのマイクロキュベットシステムが汗中の銅、塩化物、グルコースの濃度と汗のpHを実験室レベルの精度と感度で評価できることが実証された。

論文

First observation of $$^{28}$$O

近藤 洋介*; Achouri, N. L.*; Al Falou, H.*; Atar, L.*; Aumann, T.*; 馬場 秀忠*; Boretzky, K.*; Caesar, C.*; Calvet, D.*; Chae, H.*; et al.

Nature, 620(7976), p.965 - 970, 2023/08

 被引用回数:21 パーセンタイル:95.78(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

非常に中性子が過剰な原子核$$^{28}$$Oは、陽子、中性子ともに魔法数であることから古くからその性質に興味が持たれていたが、酸素の最後の束縛核$$^{24}$$Oよりも中性子が4個も多いため、これまで観測されてこなかった。この論文では、理化学研究所RIBFにて$$^{29}$$Fからの1陽子ノックアウト反応によって$$^{28}$$Oを生成し、そこから放出される中性子を測定することによって初めてその観測に成功した。核構造の観点からは、$$^{28}$$Oでは二重閉殻が保たれているか興味が持たれていたが、実験で得られた分光学的因子が殻模型計算で予言されて程度の大きいことから、閉殻構造をもたない可能性が高いことがわかった。

論文

Intruder configurations in $$^{29}$$Ne at the transition into the island of inversion; Detailed structure study of $$^{28}$$Ne

Wang, H.*; 安田 昌弘*; 近藤 洋介*; 中村 隆司*; Tostevin, J. A.*; 緒方 一介*; 大塚 孝治*; Poves, A.*; 清水 則孝*; 吉田 数貴; et al.

Physics Letters B, 843, p.138038_1 - 138038_9, 2023/08

 被引用回数:3 パーセンタイル:69.58(Astronomy & Astrophysics)

$$^{29}$$Neからの1中性子除去反応を用いて、$$^{28}$$Neの詳細な$$gamma$$線分光を行った。平行運動量分布の解析に基づき、$$^{28}$$Neの準位構造とスピンパリティを決定し、初めて負のパリティ状態を同定した。測定された断面積と運動量分布から、N=20とN=28のシェルギャップの消失の証拠となる有意なintruder p-wave強度が明らかになった。束縛状態については、弱いf-waveの可能性のある強度が観測された。いくつかの有効相互作用を用いた大規模殻模型計算では、実験的に観測された大きなp-wave強度と小さなf-wave強度は再現されず、Ne同位体に沿った反転の島への遷移の完全な理論的記述への挑戦が続いていることを示している。

論文

Level structures of $$^{56,58}$$Ca cast doubt on a doubly magic $$^{60}$$Ca

Chen, S.*; Browne, F.*; Doornenbal, P.*; Lee, J.*; Obertelli, A.*; 角田 佑介*; 大塚 孝治*; 茶園 亮樹*; Hagen, G.*; Holt, J. D.*; et al.

Physics Letters B, 843, p.138025_1 - 138025_7, 2023/08

 被引用回数:6 パーセンタイル:87.41(Astronomy & Astrophysics)

$$^{57,59}$$Scからの1陽子ノックアウト反応を用いて、$$^{56}$$Caと$$^{58}$$Caのガンマ崩壊を観測した。$$^{56}$$Caでは1456(12)keVの$$gamma$$線遷移が、$$^{58}$$Caでは1115(34)keVの遷移が観測された。どちらの遷移も暫定的に$$2^{+}_{1} rightarrow 0^{+}_{gs}$$と割り当てられた。有効核子間相互作用をわずかに修正した広い模型空間での殻模型計算では、$$2^{+}_{1}$$準位エネルギー、2中性子分離エネルギー、反応断面積が実験とよく一致し、N=34閉殻の上に新しい殻が形成されていることを裏付けた。その構成要素である$$0_{f5/2}$$$$0_{g9/2}$$軌道はほぼ縮退しており、これは$$^{60}$$Caが二重魔法核である可能性を排除し、Ca同位体のドリップラインを$$^{70}$$Caあるいはそれ以上にまで広げる可能性がある。

論文

Nuclear structure in parity doublet model

Mun, M.-H.*; Shin, I. J.*; Paeng, W.-G.*; 原田 正康*; Kim, Y.*

European Physical Journal A, 59(7), p.149_1 - 149_6, 2023/07

 被引用回数:3 パーセンタイル:55.67(Physics, Nuclear)

Using an extended parity doublet model with the hidden local symmetry, we study some properties of nuclei in the mean field approximation to see if the parity doublet model could reproduce nuclear properties and also to estimate the value of the chiral invariant nucleon mass $$m$$$$_{0}$$ preferred by nuclear structure. We first determine our model parameters using the inputs from free space and from nuclear matter properties. Then, we study some basic nuclear properties such as the nuclear binding energy with several different choices of the chiral invariant mass. We observe that our results approach the experimental values as $$m$$$$_{0}$$ is increased until $$m$$$$_{0}$$= 700 MeV and start to deviate more from the experiments afterwards with m0 larger than $$m$$$$_{0}$$ = 700 MeV. From this observation, we conclude that $$m$$$$_{0}$$ = 700 MeV is preferred by nuclear properties. We then calculate some properties of several selected nuclei with $$m$$$$_{0}$$ = 700 MeV and compare them with experiments. Finally, we study the neutron-proton mass difference in some nuclei.

論文

High-density nanoprecipitates and phase reversion via maraging enable ultrastrong yet strain-hardenable medium-entropy alloy

Kwon, H.*; Sathiyamoorthi, P.*; Gangaraju, M. K.*; Zargaran, A.*; Wang, J.*; Heo, Y.-U.*; Harjo, S.; Gong, W.; Lee, B.-J.*; Kim, H. S.*

Acta Materialia, 248, p.118810_1 - 118810_12, 2023/04

 被引用回数:38 パーセンタイル:99.17(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

Maraging steels, known for ultrahigh strength and good fracture toughness, derive their superior properties from lath martensite structure with high-density nanoprecipitates. In this work, we designed a novel Fe-based medium-entropy alloy with a chemical composition of Fe$$_{60}$$Co$$_{25}$$Ni$$_{10}$$Mo$$_5$$ in atomic% by utilizing the characteristics of the maraging steels. By a single-step aging of only 10 min at 650 $$^{circ}$$C, the alloy showed microstructures consisting of a very high number density of (Fe, Co, Ni)$$_7$$Mo$$_6$$-type nanoprecipitates in lath martensite structure and reverted FCC phase, which led to ultrahigh yield strength higher than 2 GPa. This work demonstrates a novel direction to produce strong and ductile materials by expanding the horizons of material design with the aid of high-entropy concept and overcoming the limits of conventional materials.

論文

Multiple mechanisms in proton-induced nucleon removal at $$sim$$100 MeV/nucleon

Pohl, T.*; Sun, Y. L.*; Obertelli, A.*; Lee, J.*; G$'o$mez-Ramos, M.*; 緒方 一介*; 吉田 数貴; Cai, B. S.*; Yuan, C. X.*; Brown, B. A.*; et al.

Physical Review Letters, 130(17), p.172501_1 - 172501_8, 2023/04

 被引用回数:11 パーセンタイル:90.93(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

大きなフェルミ面非対称性を持つ陽子過剰な$$^{14}$$O原子核からの100MeV/nucleonでの陽子による陽子・中性子除去反応について報告した。この結果は、quasi-freeノックアウト反応、非弾性散乱、核子移行反応を含む複数の反応機構の定量的寄与を初めて示すものである。このようなエネルギー領域では通常無視される非弾性散乱と核子移行の寄与が、弱束縛陽子と強束縛中性子の除去反応断面積にそれぞれ約50%と30%寄与していることが示された。

論文

Competitive strengthening between dislocation slip and twinning in cast-wrought and additively manufactured CrCoNi medium entropy alloys

Woo, W.*; Kim, Y. S.*; Chae, H. B.*; Lee, S. Y.*; Jeong, J. S.*; Lee, C. M.*; Won, J. W.*; Na, Y. S.*; 川崎 卓郎; Harjo, S.; et al.

Acta Materialia, 246, p.118699_1 - 118699_13, 2023/03

 被引用回数:42 パーセンタイル:99.45(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

In situ neutron diffraction experiments have been performed under loading in cast-wrought (CW) and additively manufactured (AM) equiatomic CoCrNi medium-entropy alloys. The diffraction line profile analysis correlated the faulting-embedded crystal structure to the dislocation density, stacking/twin fault probability, and stacking fault energy as a function of strain. The results showed the initial dislocation density of 1.8$$times$$10$$^{13}$$ m$$^{-2}$$ in CW and 1.3$$times$$10$$^{14}$$ m$$^{-2}$$ in AM. It significantly increased up to 1.3$$times$$10$$^{15}$$ m-$$^{-2}$$ in CW and 1.7$$times$$10$$^{15}$$ m$$^{-2}$$ in AM near fracture. The dislocation density contributed to the flow stress of 470 MPa in CW and 600 MPa in AM, respectively. Meanwhile, the twin fault probability of CW (2.7%) was about two times higher than AM (1.3%) and the stacking fault probability showed the similar tendency. The twinning provided strengthening of 360 MPa in CW and 180 MPa in AM. Such a favorable strengthening via deformation twinning in CW and dislocation slip in AM was attributed to the stacking fault energy. It was estimated as 18.6 mJ/m$$^{2}$$ in CW and 37.5 mJ/m$$^{2}$$ in AM by the strain field of dislocations incorporated model. Dense dislocations, deformation twinning, and atomic-scale stacking structure were examined by using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

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