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論文

Two-dimensional quantum universality in the spin-1/2 triangular-lattice quantum antiferromagnet Na$$_{2}$$BaCo(PO$$_{4}$$)$$_{2}$$

Sheng, J.*; Wang, L.*; Candini, A.*; Jiang, W.*; Huang, L.*; Xi, B.*; Zhao, J.*; Ge, H.*; Zhao, N.*; Fu, Y.*; et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 119(51), p.e2211193119_1 - e2211193119_9, 2022/12

Although considerable progress has been made in the theoretical understanding of the low-dimensional frustrated quantum magnets, experimental realizations of a well-established scaling analysis are still scarce. This is particularly true for the two-dimensional antiferromagnetic triangular lattices. Owing to the small exchange strength, the newly discovered compound Na$$_{2}$$BaCo(PO$$_{4}$$)$$_{2}$$ provides a rare opportunity for clarifying the quantum criticality in an ideal triangular lattice with quantum spin S=1/2. In addition to the establishment of the complete phase diagrams, the spin Hamiltonian with a negligible interplane interaction has been determined through the spin wave dispersion in the polarized state, which is consistent with the observation of a two-dimensional quantum critical point with the Bose-Einstein condensation of diluted free bosons.

論文

Micro- to nano-scale areal heterogeneity in pore structure and mineral compositions of a sub-decimeter-sized Eagle Ford Shale

Wang, Q.*; Hu, Q.*; Zhao, C.*; Yang, X.*; Zhang, T.*; Ilavsky, J.*; Kuzmenko, I.*; Ma, B.*; 舘 幸男

International Journal of Coal Geology, 261, p.104093_1 - 104093_15, 2022/09

 被引用回数:3 パーセンタイル:72.03(Energy & Fuels)

To understanding the spatial heterogeneity of mineral and pore structure variations in fine-grained shale, microscale X-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF) mapping, (ultra-) small-angle X-ray scattering [(U)SAXS] and wide-angle X-ray scattering were applied for two samples from a piece of Eagle Ford Shale in South Texas. Thin section petrography and field emission-scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), total organic carbon, and pyrolysis were also utilized to investigate the potential spatial heterogeneity of pore types, mineral and organic matter compositions for both samples. Overall, the siliceous-carbonate mineral contents in these carbonate-rich Eagle Ford Shale vary between laminations at mm scales. By analyzing six selected sub-samples on each of two samples with X-ray scattering and XRD techniques, nm-sized pores are mainly interparticle ones in the higher calcite regions, where the porosity is also relatively lower, while the lower calcite regions consist of both interparticle and intraparticle pore types with higher porosity. Finally, the micro-XRF and (U)SAXS are combined to generate porosity distribution maps to provide more insights about its heterogeneity related to the laminations and fractures at our observational scales.

論文

The $$^{59}$$Fe(n,$$gamma$$)$$^{60}$$Fe cross section from the surrogate ratio method and its effect on the $$^{60}$$Fe nucleosynthesis

Yan, S. Q.*; Li, X. Y.*; 西尾 勝久; Lugaro, M.*; Li, Z. H.*; 牧井 宏之; Pignatari, M.*; Wang, Y. B.*; Orlandi, R.; 廣瀬 健太郎; et al.

Astrophysical Journal, 919(2), p.84_1 - 84_7, 2021/10

 被引用回数:1 パーセンタイル:9.31(Astronomy & Astrophysics)

The long-lived $$^{60}$$Fe (with a half-life of 2.62 Myr) is a crucial diagnostic of active nucleosynthesis in the Milky Way galaxy and in supernovae near the solar system. The neutron-capture reaction $$^{59}$$Fe(n,$$gamma$$)$$^{60}$$Fe on $$^{59}$$Fe (half-life=44.5 days) is the key reaction for the production of $$^{60}$$Fe in massive stars. This reaction cross section has been previously constrained by the Coulomb dissociation experiment, which offered partial constraint on the E1 $$gamma$$-ray strength function but a negligible constraint on the M1 and E2 components. In this work, for the first time, we use the surrogate ratio method to experimentally determine the $$^{59}$$Fe(n,$$gamma$$)$$^{60}$$Fe cross sections in which all the components are included. We derived a Maxwellian-averaged cross section of 27.5$$pm$$3.5 mb at $$kT$$ = 30 keV and 13.4$$pm$$1.7 mb at $$kT$$ = 90 keV, roughly 10%-20% higher than previous estimates. We analyzed the impact of our new reaction rates in nucleosynthesis models of massive stars and found that uncertainties in the production of $$^{60}$$Fe from the $$^{59}$$Fe(n,$$gamma$$)$$^{60}$$Fe rate are at most 25$$%$$. We conclude that stellar physics uncertainties now play a major role in the accurate evaluation of the stellar production of $$^{60}$$Fe.

論文

Quasifree neutron knockout reaction reveals a small $$s$$-Orbital component in the Borromean nucleus $$^{17}$$B

Yang, Z. H.*; 久保田 悠樹*; Corsi, A.*; 吉田 数貴; Sun, X.-X.*; Li, J. G.*; 木村 真明*; Michel, N.*; 緒方 一介*; Yuan, C. X.*; et al.

Physical Review Letters, 126(8), p.082501_1 - 082501_8, 2021/02

AA2020-0819.pdf:1.29MB

 被引用回数:31 パーセンタイル:96.65(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

ボロミアン核であり中性子ハロー構造が期待される$$^{17}$$Bに対する($$p$$,$$pn$$)反応実験を行った。断面積の運動量分布を分析することで、$$1s_{1/2}$$$$0d_{5/2}$$軌道の分光学的因子を決定した。驚くべきことに、$$1s_{1/2}$$の分光学的因子は9(2)%と小さいことが明らかになった。この結果は、連続状態を含むdeformed relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov理論によってよく説明された。本研究の結果によると、現在知られているハロー構造を持つとされる原子核の中で$$^{17}$$Bは$$s$$および$$p$$軌道の成分が最も小さく、$$s$$または$$p$$軌道成分が支配的であることが必ずしもハロー構造の前提条件ではない可能性を示唆している。

論文

Excited $$Omega_b$$ baryons and fine structure of strong interaction

Chen, H.-X.*; Cui, E.-L.*; 保坂 淳; Mao, Q.*; Yang, H.-M.*

European Physical Journal C, 80(3), p.256_1 - 256_6, 2020/03

The heavy baryon system bounded by the strong interaction has a rich internal structure, so its mass spectra can have the fine structure similar to the line spectra of atom bounded by the electromagnetic interaction. We systematically study the internal structure of $$P$$-wave $$Omega_b$$ baryons and calculate their $$D$$-wave decay properties. The present study, together with our previous studies on their mass spectra and $$S$$-wave decay properties, suggest that all the four excited $$Omega_b$$ baryons recently discovered by LHCb can be well explained as $$P$$-wave $$Omega_b$$ baryons, and their beautiful fine structure is directly related to the rich internal structure of $$P$$-wave $$Omega_b$$ baryons.

論文

Decay properties of $$P$$-wave bottom baryons within light-cone sum rules

Yang, H.-M.*; Chen, H.-X.*; Cui, E.-L.*; 保坂 淳; Mao, Q.*

European Physical Journal C, 80(2), p.80_1 - 80_17, 2020/02

We use the method of light-cone sum rules to study decay properties of $$P$$-wave bottom baryons belonging to the $$SU(3)$$ flavor 6$$_{F}$$ representation. In Cui et al. (Phys Rev D 99:094021, 2019) we have studied their mass spectrum and pionic decays, and found that the $$Sigma_{b}$$(6097) and $$Xi_{b}$$(6227) can be well interpreted as $$P$$-wave bottom baryons of $$J^{P}$$ = 3/2$$^{-}$$. In this paper we further study their decays into ground-state bottom baryons and vector mesons. We propose to search for a new state $$Xi_{b}$$(5/2$$^{-}$$), that is the $$J^{P}$$ = 5/2$$^{-}$$ partner state of the $$Xi_{b}$$(6227), in the $$Xi_{b}$$(5/2$$^{-}$$)$$rightarrow$$ $$Xi_{b}$$*$$rho$$ $$rightarrow$$ $$Xi_{b}$$*$$pi$$ $$pi$$ decay process. Its mass is 12$$pm$$5 MeV larger than that of the $$Xi_{b}$$(6227).

論文

Fine structure in the $$alpha$$ decay of $$^{223}$$U

Sun, M. D.*; Liu, Z.*; Huang, T. H.*; Zhang, W. Q.*; Andreyev, A. N.; Ding, B.*; Wang, J. G.*; Liu, X. Y.*; Lu, H. Y.*; Hou, D. S.*; et al.

Physics Letters B, 800, p.135096_1 - 135096_5, 2020/01

 被引用回数:10 パーセンタイル:80.2(Astronomy & Astrophysics)

Fine structure in the $$alpha$$ decay of $$^{223}$$U was observed in the fusion-evaporation reaction $$^{187}$$Re($$^{40}$$Ar,p3n) by using fast digital pulse processing technique. Two $$alpha$$-decay branches of $$^{223}$$U feeding the ground state and 244 keV excited state of $$^{219}$$Th were identified by establishing the decay chain $$^{223}$$U$$rightarrow$$$$^{219}$$Th$$rightarrow$$$$^{215}$$Ra$$rightarrow$$$$^{211}$$Rn. The $$alpha$$-particle energy for the ground-state to ground-state transition of $$^{223}$$U was determined to be 8993(17) keV, 213 keV higher than the previous value, the half-life was updated to be 62$$^{+14}_{-10} mu$$s. Evolution of nuclear structure for $$N$$=131 even-$$Z$$ isotones from Po to U was discussed in the frameworks of nuclear mass and reduced $$alpha$$-decay width, a weakening octupole deformation in the ground state of $$^{223}$$U relative to its lighter isotones $$^{219}$$Ra and $$^{211}$$Th was suggested.

論文

Guiding and confining fast electrons by transient electric and magnetic fields with a plasma inverse cone

Lei, A. L.*; Cao, L. H.*; Yang, X. Q.*; 田中 和夫*; 兒玉 了祐*; He, X. T.*; 三間 圀興*; 中村 龍史; 乗松 孝好*; Yu, W.*; et al.

Physics of Plasmas, 16(2), p.020702_1 - 020702_4, 2009/02

 被引用回数:12 パーセンタイル:42.75(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)

反転コーンにおける高速電子の伝播に関するシミュレーション及び実験的研究を行った。コーン形状ターゲットは高速点火核融合において、高エネルギー発生及びレーザーの集光を目的として利用されている。本研究では、コーンターゲットを電子のガイディングを目的として利用することが可能であることを示した。反転コーンの先端部にレーザーを照射することで、多くの高速電子が発生する。これらの電子はコーンの側面に誘起される電磁場によってガイドされることがシミュレーションにより確認された。この現象を大型レーザーを使った実験により調べ、大電流が発生する場合においても電子のガイディングが起こることが確認された。

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