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山根 結太*; 中根 丈太郎*; 荒木 康史; 家田 淳一
Physical Review B, 113(1), p.014421_1 - 014421_7, 2026/01
We theoretically investigate emergent impedance induced by domain-wall dynamics in antiferromagnets. Emergent impedance, arising from a combined action of spin-transfer torque and spinmotive force, was previously predicted and observed in spiral magnets. Here we develop a formalism for the electrical response of an antiferromagnetic domain wall under ac currents, and obtain analytical expressions for the resulting emergent impedance. We find that two dynamical modes play separate roles in the emergent impedance: Translational motion of the domain-wall center generates a contribution proportional to its velocity, analogous to that arising from the corresponding motion of a spiral magnet. Another contribution, unique to antiferromagnetic domain walls, originates from the time-dependent canting of the sublattice magnetizations localized within the moving domain wall, whose magnitude is inversely proportional to the antiferromagnetic exchange coupling constant. The competition between these two distinct contributions determines the sign and magnitude of the imaginary part of the emergent impedance at sub-resonant frequencies. Our results provide a fundamental insight into electron transport in antiferromagnets, and open avenues for novel antiferromagnet-based spintronics devices.
増田 啓人*; 山根 結太*; 土肥 昂尭*; 山崎 匠*; Modak, R.*; 内田 健一*; 家田 淳一; Kl
ui, M.*; 高梨 弘毅; 関 剛斎*
Advanced Science (Internet), 12(48), p.e14598_1 - e14598_9, 2025/12
Current-induced domain-wall motion (CIDWM) in a synthetic antiferromagnet is a key phenomenon for developing potential high-density-packed magnetic domain-wall memory with fast operation. Here, we report CIDWM in the antiferromagnetically-coupled two Co layers through the Ir interlayer sandwiched by the two Pt layers: Pt/Co/Ir/Co/Pt. The top and bottom Pt layers play a role for generating the spin current coming from the spin Hall effect, which gives rise to the dual spin-orbit torque (SOT) acting on the perpendicular magnetizations of the Co layers. Although a simple argument would predict that SOTs from top and bottom Pt layers cancel each other out, the dual SOT nucleates a reversed magnetic domain and drives the CIDWM effectively at current density of the order of 10
A m
. This study also examines the effect of antisymmetric interlayer exchange coupling (AIEC) on CIDWM. We find a positive correlation between the magnitude of AIEC and the domain wall velocity whereas the current density required for nucleating the reversed domain shows a negative correlation with the magnitude of AIEC. These facts suggest that the existence of AIEC improves the performance of CIDWM. Our results provide a new avenue to design SOT domain wall devices based on a synthetic antiferromagnet.

社本 真一; Shin, K.*; 赤津 光洋*; 今井 正樹; 植田 大地*; 横尾 哲也*; 根本 祐一*; Hassan, A. M. A.*; Chang, L.-J.*; 家田 淳一; et al.
Applied Physics Letters, 127(13), p.132403_1 - 132403_5, 2025/09
FeTiO
is an ilumenite antiferromagnetic insulator with Fe
. Two-dimensional ferromagnetic honeycomb layers are antifferomagnetically stacked along the
-axis. The magnetic Bragg peak intensity is enhanced by ultrasound injection up to 300 % on the FeTiO
crystal at low temperatures. The large enhancement is attributed to the large spin-lattice coupling of Fe
in FeTiO
. The enhancement is lost above 35 K, suggesting that the energy splitting of the Fe
levels by the spin-orbit coupling is about 35 K. This finding opens a possibility for high efficiency acoustic spin pumping.
竹内 祐太朗*; 佐藤 佑磨*; 山根 結太*; Yoon, J.-Y.*; 菅野 之矩*; 内村 友宏*; De Zoysa, K. V.*; Han, J.*; 金井 駿*; 家田 淳一; et al.
Science, 389(6762), p.830 - 834, 2025/08
被引用回数:0 パーセンタイル:77.58Electric current driving of antiferromagnetic states at radio or higher frequencies remains challenging to achieve. In this study, we report all-electrical, gigahertz-range coherent driving of chiral antiferromagnet manganese-tin (Mn
Sn) nanodot samples. High coherence in multiple trials and threshold current insensitive to pulse width, in contrast to results observed with ferromagnets, were achieved in subnanosecond range, allowing 1000/1000 switching by 0.1-nanosecond pulses at zero field. These features are attributed to the inertial nature of antiferromagnetic excitations. Our study highlights the potential of antiferromagnetic spintronics to combine high speed and high efficiency in magnetic device operations.
堀内 皓斗*; 荒木 康史; 若林 勇希*; 家田 淳一; 山ノ内 路彦*; 他7名*
Advanced Materials, 37(26), p.2416091_1 - 2416091_9, 2025/07
被引用回数:0 パーセンタイル:77.58(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)Spin Berry curvature characterizes the band topology as the spin counterpart of Berry curvature and is crucial in generating novel spintronics functionalities. By breaking the crystalline inversion symmetry, the spin Berry curvature is expected to be significantly enhanced; this enhancement will increase the intrinsic spin Hall effect in ferromagnetic materials and, thus, the spin-orbit torques (SOTs). However, this intriguing approach is not applied to devices; generally, the spin Hall effect in ferromagnet/heavy-metal bilayer is used for SOT magnetization switching. Here, SOT-induced partial magnetization switching is demonstrated in a single layer of a single-crystalline Weyl oxide SrRuO
(SRO) with a small current density of
. Detailed analysis of the crystal structure in the seemingly perfect periodic lattice of the SRO film reveals barely discernible oxygen octahedral rotations with angles of
near the interface with a substrate. Tight-binding calculations indicate that a large spin Hall conductivity is induced around small gaps generated at band crossings by the synergy of inherent spin-orbit coupling and band inversion due to the rotations, causing magnetization reversal. The results indicate that a minute atomic displacement in single-crystal films can induce strong intrinsic SOTs that are useful for spin-orbitronics devices.
杉本 聡志*; 荒木 康史; 高橋 有紀子*; 家田 淳一; 葛西 伸哉*
Communications Physics (Internet), 8, p.100_1 - 100_9, 2025/03
被引用回数:0 パーセンタイル:0.00(Physics, Multidisciplinary)Current-induced spin-orbit torque (SOT) at heavy metal/ferromagnet (HM/FM) interfaces plays a critical role in modern spintronics. The challenges in SOT research are to enhance the conversion efficiency and generate unconventional torque components. Here, we propose a simple protocol to meet such demands by engineering symmetrical structures, specifically by a wedge-shaped topological material interface in R-3m Bi
Te
(001)/FM heterostructures. The symmetry of the topological interface is manipulated to lead to unconventional emergences of both out-of-plane and in-plane spin polarizations. Torque measurements show that these polarizations have conversion efficiencies up to 10 percent. This considerable improvement in the SOT efficiency is characterized both qualitatively and quantitatively based on the nonreciprocal ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) spectra and the SOT dependence on the magnetic field direction. The observed enhancement in the unconventional SOT is attributed to the wedge-oriented symmetry reduction of the spin-momentum locking structure of interfacial Dirac fermions. This advance opens new avenues for designing geometrically novel spintronics devices, demonstrating the potential of using multidirectional SOTs for forthcoming nanotechnological applications.
のワイル電子を活用したスピン制御荒木 康史; 家田 淳一
まぐね, 20(1), p.12 - 17, 2025/02
スピントロニクスにおいて、スピンの電気的操作に際して発生する電力損失は大きな課題である。このジュール発熱を回避する過程として、我々は電子状態のトポロジカル構造を組み込んだ電場誘起スピントルクの理論を構築した。このトポロジカルな寄与は散逸の影響を受けず、従来のスピン移行トルクに比べて単位電流あたりのトルク効率を著しく向上させる。本原理によるスピントルクの発現は、トポロジカルな電子系の典型例である「ワイル電子」を持つ、強磁性酸化物SrRuO
における磁化反転実験によって検証された。
Yoon, J.-Y.*; 竹内 祐太朗*; 武智 涼太*; Han, J.*; 内村 友宏*; 山根 結太*; 金井 駿*; 家田 淳一; 大野 英男*; 深見 俊輔*
Nature Communications (Internet), 16, p.1171_1 - 1171_8, 2025/02
被引用回数:1 パーセンタイル:77.58(Multidisciplinary Sciences)Spin-orbit torque (SOT) provides a promising mechanism for electrically encoding information in magnetic states. Unlike existing schemes, where the SOT is passively determined by the material and device structures, an active manipulation of the intrinsic SOT polarity would allow for flexibly programmable SOT devices. Achieving this requires electrical control of the current-induced spin polarization of the spin source. Here we demonstrate a proof-of-concept current-programmed SOT device. Using a noncollinear-anti-ferromagnetic/nonmagnetic/ferromagnetic Mn
Sn/Mo/CoFeB hetero-structure at zero magnetic eld, we show current-induced switching in the CoFeB layer due to the spin current polarized by the magnetic structure of the Mn
Sn; by properly tuning the driving current, the spin current from the CoFeB further reverses the magnetic orientation of the Mn
Sn, which determines the polarity of the subsequent switching of the CoFeB. This scheme of mutual switching can be achieved in a spin-valve-like simple protocol because each magnetic layer serves as a reversible spin source and target magnetic electrode. It yields intriguing proof-of-concept functionalities for unconventional logic and neuromorphic computing.
家田 淳一; 深田 幸正; 福田 竜生
日本原子力学会誌ATOMO
, 66(10), p.521 - 524, 2024/10
放射性廃棄物に含まれる放射性同位体(RI)は、見方を変えれば長期間安定したエネルギー源と考えられる。主にアルファ線による熱エネルギーをスピントロニクス技術により電力変換する「スピン熱電発電」、そして主にガンマ線の光電変換を用いた「ガンマ線発電」のための素子開発を進めることで、RIのエネルギーを再資源化する事を目指している。
家田 淳一
日本磁気学会研究会資料, 250, p.1 - 5, 2024/10
近年スピントロニクスの効果を利用することで、らせん磁性金属薄膜がインダクタとして機能することが指摘された。従来のコイルインダクタの原理である電流誘起磁場による電磁誘導ではなく、磁化と電流の相互作用に基づくスピントルク(STT)とスピン起電力(SMF)の連続作用の結果として薄膜素子断面積に反比例する特徴的なインダクタンスがもたらされる。この仕組みは、提案者の永長により「創発インダクタ」(emergent inductor)と命名され、横内らによってらせん磁性体Gd
Ru
Al
を用いた実験で実証された。本稿では、簡略化したモデルでその基礎的な振る舞いを確認したのち、当該研究におけるスピン軌道相互作用が果たす役割を中心にこれまでの研究動向を概観する。
家田 淳一; 荒木 康史; 山根 結太*
固体物理, 59(8), p.403 - 410, 2024/08
In recent years, "emergent inductors" using current-induced magnetization dynamics in magnetic nanostructures have been discovered, opening the way to power control in the nanoscale, which was previously impossible. We review the spin-orbit interaction phenomenon for emergent inductors.
Han, J.*; 内村 友宏*; 荒木 康史; Yoon, J.-Y.*; 竹内 祐太郎*; 山根 結太*; 金井 駿*; 家田 淳一; 大野 英男*; 深見 俊輔*
Nature Physics, 20(7), p.1110 - 1117, 2024/07
被引用回数:26 パーセンタイル:98.31(Physics, Multidisciplinary)量子状態の幾何学的構造を特徴づける基礎的な量として、「量子計量」と「ベリー曲率」が存在する。ベリー曲率は、凝縮系において多種の重要な現象に寄与することが知られている。一方、量子計量も新たなトポロジカル物理現象の起源となることが予想されているが、特に常温常圧下においては、その効果はほとんど探索されていない。本研究では、トポロジカルカイラル反強磁性体Mn
Snと白金の接合系を用い、界面でのナノスピン構造を介して、電子系の量子計量構造の制御に成功した。ベリー曲率ではなく量子計量特有の効果として、時間反転反対称でかつ電子散乱に対して頑強な、二次非線形ホール効果を測定した。更に、界面スピン構造は弱磁場及び界面スピン軌道相互作用によって急峻に変調されるため、量子計量構造も鋭敏に制御可能であることを示した。本研究成果により、量子状態に内在する量子計量構造を活用したトポロジカル物理現象が室温環境下でも可能になり、且つ応用面においても非線形素子を構築する助けとなることが期待される。
社本 真一; 赤津 光洋*; Chang, L.-J.*; 根本 祐一*; 家田 淳一
Applied Physics Letters, 124(11), p.112402_1 - 112402_5, 2024/03
被引用回数:1 パーセンタイル:32.52(Physics, Applied)Y
Fe
O
における超音波注入によるマグノン励起を非弾性中性子散乱によって研究した。その結果、縦波と横波の両方で超音波注入によりマグノン励起の非弾性中性子散乱強度が増強されることがわかった。
家田 淳一
鉱山, 77(1), p.15 - 23, 2024/01
近い将来世界全体におけるエネルギー消費量の大半を情報通信分野が消費するようになるという予測が立てられるなか、脱炭素社会の実現(GX)を目指す観点からも情報通信機器のさらなる省エネルギー化を進めていくことは人類社会にとって極めて重要な課題となっている。この課題解決に向けて、物理法則の基礎にまで立ち返り、まったく新しい原理を導入することで今までの常識を覆すような革新的な新技術を創出する道筋が模索されている。そのような新技術の一翼を担うと期待される「スピントロニクス」についてできるだけ平易な解説を試み、新原理導入の具体的な事例として電子のスピンを利用した薄膜インダクタと原子力電池の提案について紹介する。
針井 一哉*; 埋田 真樹; 有沢 洋希*; 日置 友智*; 佐藤 奈々; 岡安 悟; 家田 淳一
Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 92(7), p.073701_1 - 073701_4, 2023/07
被引用回数:1 パーセンタイル:16.75(Physics, Multidisciplinary)Magnetic property modification of an easy-plane magnetic insulator caused by an accumulation of nanocolumnar defects along the film normal was investigated by numerical simulations and heavy-ion beam irradiation experiments. Micromagnetic simulations suggest that depending on the density of the nonmagnetic nanocolumnar defects, the microstructure of the fragmented ferromagnetic domains is formed leading to magnetic coercivity enhancement as well as magnetization reduction. To prove this prediction, gold ions with 300 MeV were used for the irradiation to create amorphous nanocolumnar defects in crystalline bismuth-doped lutetium iron garnet (Bi:LuIG) films. As increasing the ion-irradiation dose, the modifications of the saturation magnetization and magnetic coercivity were observed in an uncorrelated manner; the enhancement of magnetic coercivity exhibits a fluence threshold whereas the decrease of saturation magnetization caused by ion-beam damage is monotonic with increasing beam fluence. These behaviors qualitatively agree with the numerical simulations and the models by continuum percolation theory. Because the irradiation effects are controlled by beam fluences, the present method has the potential to be a microstructuring technique for magnetic insulator.
荒木 康史; 家田 淳一
Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 92(7), p.074705_1 - 074705_9, 2023/06
被引用回数:1 パーセンタイル:16.75(Physics, Multidisciplinary)トポロジカル絶縁体は電子が波数空間でトポロジカル構造を持つことにより、様々な非自明な電磁応答現象を示す。一方で、現在用いられているインダクタ・キャパシタの動作原理は、マクスウェル方程式によって記述される古典電磁気学に基づいている。本研究では絶縁体中のトポロジカル電磁応答が、磁性体中の磁化ダイナミクスと組み合わさることにより、インダクタンス・キャパシタンスを生み出すことを示す。まず、トポロジカル場の理論に基づいて、複素インピーダンスを導出する理論的枠組みを提案する。次にその理論に基づき、接合系のセットアップでインダクタンス・キャパシタンスが発現することを示す。金属磁性体における創発インダクタンスに関する先行研究と比較すると、トポロジカル絶縁体はジュール熱を抑制できるため、素子内での電力損失を大幅に抑制することができる。これによって、トポロジカル電磁応答に起因したインダクタンスは弱電流・高周波数での動作を可能とし、更に電力効率の面でも高い品質係数(Q値)を実現できることを示す。
増田 啓人*; 山根 結太*; 関 剛斎*; Raab, K.*; 土肥 昂尭*; Modak, R.*; 内田 健一*; 家田 淳一; Kl
ui, M.*; 高梨 弘毅
Applied Physics Letters, 122(16), p.162402_1 - 162402_7, 2023/04
被引用回数:3 パーセンタイル:36.57(Physics, Applied)We report current-induced magnetization switching in Pt/Co/Ir/Co/Pt multilayers with different Ir layer thicknesses (
), where the perpendicularly magnetized Co layers are coupled ferromagnetically or antiferromagnetically through an interlayer exchange coupling and are sandwiched by the Pt spin Hall layers. The domain structures formed during switching vary depending on the magnetization alignment, i.e., ferromagnetically coupled or antiferromagnetically coupled configuration. These results clarify the macroscopic picture of switching process for interlayer exchange-coupled systems. The local picture of the switching process is also examined by a numerical calculation based on a macrospin model, which reveals the switching dynamics triggered by dual spin-orbit torque for both antiferromagnetically and ferromagnetically coupled cases. The numerical calculation shows that the dual spin-orbit torque from the two Pt layers effectively acts on the two Co layers not only for the antiferromagnetically coupled case but also for the ferromagnetically coupled one. Our findings deepen the under- standing of the switching mechanism in a magnetic multilayer and provide an avenue to design spintronic devices with more efficient spin-orbit torque switching.
Sn nanodot佐藤 佑磨*; 竹内 祐太郎*; 山根 結太*; Yoon, J.-Y.*; 金井 駿*; 家田 淳一; 大野 英男*; 深見 俊輔*
Applied Physics Letters, 122(12), p.122404_1 - 122404_5, 2023/03
被引用回数:7 パーセンタイル:66.24(Physics, Applied)
-Mn
Sn, an antiferromagnet having a non-collinear spin structure in a kagome lattice, has attracted great attention owing to various intriguing properties such as large anomalous Hall effect. Stability of magnetic state against thermal fluctuation, characterized in general by the thermal stability factor
, has been well studied in ferromagnetic systems but not for antiferromagnets. Here we study
of the antiferromagnetic Mn
Sn nanodots as a function of their diameter
. To obtain
, we measure the switching probability as a function of pulse-field amplitude and analyze the results based on a model developed by accounting for two and six-fold magnetic anisotropies in the kagome plane. We observe no significant change in
down to
nm below which it decreases with
. The obtained
dependence is well explained by a single-domain and nucleation-mediated reversal models. These findings provide a basis to understand the thermal fluctuation and reversal mechanism of antiferromagnets for device application.
前川 禎通; 吉川 貴史*; 中堂 博之; 家田 淳一; 齊藤 英治
Journal of Applied Physics, 133(2), p.020902_1 - 020902_24, 2023/01
被引用回数:34 パーセンタイル:94.44(Physics, Applied)Along with the progress of spin science and spintronics research, the flow of electron spins, i.e., spin current, has attracted interest. New phenomena and electronic states were explained in succession using the concept of spin current. Moreover, as many of the conventionally known spintronics phenomena became well organized based on spin current, it has rapidly been recognized as an essential concept in a wide range of condensed matter physics. In this article, we focus on recent developments in the physics of spin, spin current, and their related phenomena, where the conversion between spin angular momentum and different forms of angular momentum plays an essential role. Starting with an introduction to spin current, we first discuss the recent progress in spintronic phenomena driven by spin-exchange coupling: spin pumping, topological Hall torque, and emergent inductor. We, then, extend our discussion to the interaction/interconversion of spins with heat, lattice vibrations, and charge current and address recent progress and perspectives on the spin Seebeck and Peltier effects. Next, we review the interaction between mechanical motion and electron/nuclear spins and argue the difference between the Barnett field and rotational Doppler effect. We show that the Barnett effect reveals the angular momentum compensation temperature, at which the net angular momentum is quenched in ferrimagnets.
Fe
O
/Pt heterostructures家田 淳一; 岡安 悟; 針井 一哉*; 小畠 雅明; 吉井 賢資; 福田 竜生; 石田 真彦*; 齊藤 英治
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 58(8), p.1301106_1 - 1301106_6, 2022/08
被引用回数:1 パーセンタイル:7.44(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)スピンゼーベック効果(SSE)に基づくスピン駆動熱電(STE)デバイスと、熱源としての放射性同位元素の組み合わせは、宇宙探査機の電源などの応用における次世代の発電方法としての可能性を秘めている。しかし、スピン熱電デバイスの照射耐性を示す利用可能な知識は非常に限られている。重イオンビーム加速器と硬X線光電子分光法(HAXPES)測定を使用した分析を通じて、Y
Fe
O
/Ptヘテロ構造に基づく典型的なSTEデバイスが高エネルギー重イオンビームの照射に対する耐性を持つことを検証する。使用済み核燃料の表面から放出される核分裂生成物による累積損傷をモデル化した320MeVの金イオンビームを使用し、線量レベルを変えることにより、SSE要素の熱電および磁気特性が
イオン/cm
フルエンスまでのイオン照射線量の影響を受けず、イオントラックがサンプル表面をほぼ完全に覆う約
イオン/cm
でSSE信号が消滅することを確認した。さらに、HAXPES測定は、Y
Fe
O
/Pt界面への影響を理解するために実行した。HAXPES測定は、SSE信号を減少させる化学反応が照射線量の増加とともに強化されることを示唆している。過酷な環境使用に適用できるより優れたSTEデバイスを開発するために、Y
Fe
O
/Ptで損傷分析の現在の理解を共有したい。