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high entropy alloys via interstitial carbon solutionFang, W.*; Liu, C.*; 吉田 周平*; Peng, T. X.*; 徐 平光; Han, Y.*; Li, J.*; Yin, F.*; 辻 伸泰*
Materials Science & Engineering A, 977, p.151109_1 - 151109_12, 2026/12
被引用回数：0Interstitial alloying is an effective strategy for enhancing the mechanical properties of high-entropy alloys (HEAs). However, in carbon-containing HEAs, the coexistence of interstitial carbon and carbides complicates the investigation of interstitial carbon's individual effects on strength and ductility. To address this, a carbide-free interstitial strengthened HEA, FeMnCoNiC, was designed by incorporating elements with low carbon affinity, enabling a clear assessment of the role of interstitial carbon. The results demonstrate that interstitial carbon solution simultaneously improves strength, ductility, and work hardening capability. Synchrotron radiation experiments reveal that the interstitial carbon containing alloy sustains higher lattice elastic strain, dislocation density, and stacking fault probability during tensile deformation, with the increased dislocation density being the primary contributor to enhanced work hardening. First principles calculations further elucidate the lattice distortion, chemical inhomogeneity and electronic localization effects induced by interstitial carbon, as well as their potential influence on strength and ductility. This study highlights the importance of carbide-free interstitial carbon-strengthened HEAs for a fundamental understanding of carbon's influence on mechanical properties.
Fei, Y.*; Wang, Y.*; Zhang, J.*; Liu, J.*; Zhao, Z.*; 服部 高典; 阿部 淳*; Dong, X.*; Mao, H.-K.*; Zheng, H.*; et al.
Chemistry; A European Journal, 32(31), p.e71096_1 - e71096_11, 2026/08
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)カーボンナノスレッド(CNThs)は、卓越した機械的特性を備えた一次元飽和炭素ナノ材料である。多環芳香族炭化水素(PAHs)は、高圧下において、機械的性能が向上した、より太い多環状CNThsを形成すると期待されている。本研究では、最も単純なPAHであるナフタレンの高圧重合について、複数の最先端手法を用いて体系的に調査した。ナフタレン分子はヘリンボーン状に積層し、20GPa以上ではa-b方向に沿って[4+2]環化付加反応を起こし、一次元CNThを生成した。多くのCNThの形成とは対照的に、CNThの核生成は加圧中に起こりその成長は減圧中に進行するが、これはヘリンボーン状に積層した芳香族化合物に普遍的に見られる現象であると考えられる。得られたCNTh結晶の単位格子が決定され、生成物であるCNThの可能な構造も提案された。本研究は、高圧下におけるナフタレンの重合特性を明らかにし、滑り角が重合経路を決定する上で重要な役割を果たすことを示している。
Huang, D.*; Fu, H.*; Lyu, M.*; Feng, Y.*; 梶本 亮一; 中村 充孝; 本田 孝志*; Liu, E.*; Li, B.*; Li, X.*; et al.
Physical Review Research (Internet), 8(3), p.033017_1 - 033017_7, 2026/07
As a nontrivial state of solid, Schwarz crystal manifests itself in extremely refined nanograins and triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) grain boundaries, and therefore exceptional thermal and mechanical stability. However, it remains unexploited how the structural units interact and thermal transport is influenced by such complex atomic structures. Here, we investigate Schwarz crystals of Cu and Pt using neutron scattering and thermal transport measurements. Pair distribution function analysis reveals the coexistence of compressed grains and expanded TPMS grain-boundary regions, forming a spatially confined atomic environment. This leads to an unusual phonon hardening suggested by inelastic neutron scattering. As bulk materials, Schwarz crystals exhibit a quasilinear temperature dependence of thermal conductivity, which was previously only observed in low-dimensional materials. This contrast indicates that the spatial confinement of the Schwarz crystals plays a crucial role in determining the unique thermal conductivity, which also provides an emergent route to regulate thermal properties in bulk materials.
Xue, J.*; Huang, D.*; 服部 高典; Li, L.*; Feng, Y.*; Wang, H.*; Fan, X.*; Yao, J.*; Wang, Y.*; Liu, Z.*; et al.
Applied Physics Letters, 128(20), p.201903_1 - 201903_8, 2026/05
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Physics, Applied)NH
Iのサイクル疲労およびバロカロリック応答は、最大100MPaの応力を伴う加圧・減圧サイクル下で直接評価され、100サイクルの後に断熱温度変化(
)は15Kから約0.8Kまで減少した。emphその場X線回折、ラマン分光法、および中性子回折を併用した解析により、最初の荷重除去後であっても残留高圧相が存在することが明らかになり、その割合は100サイクル目までに急速に90%まで増加した。この疲労挙動を解明するために現象論的モデルが構築され、実験データとの良好な一致が得られた。粒界応力を緩和し、結晶粒の移動性を高めるため、NHI粒子とシリコーンオイルからなる複合体を、3Dプリントされたポリマーシェルに封入した。このような構造設計により、バロカロリック効果のサイクル安定性が著しく向上し、100サイクル後でもは約4.6Kまで上昇した。我々の結果は、気圧熱効果の疲労挙動に関する基礎的な理解を確立するとともに、実用的な気圧熱冷却技術への実現可能な道筋を示すものである。
O
Gao, B.*; Chen, T.*; Liu, C.*; Klemm, M. L.*; Zhang, S.*; Ma, Z.*; Xu, X.*; Won, C.*; McCandless, G. T.*; Rao, K.*; et al.
Science Advances (Internet), 12(10), p.eaed7778_1 - eaed7778_7, 2026/03
被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：89.57(Multidisciplinary Sciences)In the search for unconventional magnetism, exotic quantum states are characterized by a lack of order and a broad spin excitation continuum approaching zero temperature. We study the two-dimensional triangular-lattice effective spin-system CeMgAlO, which shows slight disorder but no magnetic ordering down to 100 millikelvin. Spin-wave analysis in the magnetic-field-polarized state determines the spin Hamiltonian featuring a mixed ferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic nearest-neighbor exchange interaction. This places the system near an exactly solvable point of the spin-triangular-lattice XXZ model with extensive ground-state degeneracy. In zero field, neutron spectroscopy reveals a prominent continuum; we show that this arises from an ensemble average of spin-wave spectra across the degenerate ground-state manifold. This demonstrates that the role of weak quenched disorder can be quantitatively constrained: It inhibits unique ground-state selection and stabilizes a local distribution within the degenerate manifold, yielding continuum-like spectra that necessitate a critical reevaluation of the experimental signatures of exotic quantum states.
篠原 佑也*; 岩下 拓哉*; 中西 真大*; Liu, Y.*; Cooper, V. R.*; 古府 麻衣子*; 楡井 真実; Dmowski, W.*; Hickner, M. A.*; 江上 毅*
Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 129(47), p.12330 - 12337, 2025/11
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Biophysics)Enhancing proton transport in polymer electrolytes is crucial for advancing next-generation solid-state batteries, yet our understanding of proton conductivity in nonaqueous environments remains limited due to a lack of atomic-scale insights. In this study, we investigated the atomic-scale dynamics of 1,2,3-triazole, a small molecule capable of dynamic hydrogen bonding, as a model system for proton hopping in nonaqueous environments. Using the real-space correlation function determined by the double Fourier transformation of inelastic neutron scattering spectra, we identified that the self-motion of protons and intermolecular dynamics occur on comparable time scales. Furthermore, we observed that the activation energy associated with the intermolecular dynamics matches the energy barrier for molecular rotations determined through Density Functional Theory calculations. These findings underscore the importance of controlling molecular dynamics at the atomic scale to control proton transport. Additionally, we demonstrated that intermolecular dynamics in systems involving protons can be studied using inelastic neutron scattering even without deuteration, thereby providing a broader avenue for studying atomic-scale dynamics in soft matter systems.
Liu, Y.*; 大谷 将士*; 宮尾 智章*; 中沢 雄河*; 柴田 崇統*; 南茂 今朝雄*; Fang, Z.*; 二ツ川 健太*; 福井 佑治*; 溝端 仁志*; et al.
Proceedings of 16th International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC25) (Internet), p.855 - 857, 2025/11
The Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) has achieved stable 1 MW operation on its neutron target and is advancing toward higher power levels of 1.5 MW to support high-power MR operations and a second target station. This progression presents challenges, including increased intra-beam stripping (IBSt) of negative hydrogen ions, chop leakage from higher beam currents and emittance, low-energy beam loss due to halo formation, frontend fluctuations affecting beam transmission, and RF phase and amplitude fluctuations. To address these issues, a redesigned lattice mitigates IBSt, a new MEBT1 improves chopping and collimation, and machine learning-based compensation schemes manage frontend and RF fluctuations. Additionally, longitudinal and transverse matching schemes enhance beam quality, validated through benchmarked longitudinal measurements. Results from studies at 50 mA and 60 mA beam currents demonstrate significant progress in overcoming these challenges.
岡部 晃大; 柴田 崇統*; 守屋 克洋; 大越 清紀; 宮尾 智章*; 大谷 将士*; Liu, Y.*; 森下 卓俊
Proceedings of 16th International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC25) (Internet), p.1527 - 1529, 2025/11
Currently, in the J-PARC linac, beam commissioning between the ion source and RFQ mainly involves adjusting the extraction voltage of the ion source and the two solenoid magnets in the Low Energy Beam Transport Line (LEBT) installed between the ion source and the RFQ. These parameters are determined to maximize the measured beam current at the current monitor (SCT) downstream of the RFQ. Previously, the SCT used as a reference had measured the beam current by cutting out a part of the macro bunch. However, to further improve the beam quality, we adjusted LEBT parameters using the newly measured method, which is an integrated whole macro bunch signal. The optimum value obtained by the new method differed from the previous. Therefore, to investigate the cause, we saved all the beam current waveforms of the SCT for the reference and compared the new and previous parameters of the ion source and LEBT devices. As a result, it was found that the beam current that passed through the RFQ changed over time within the macro bunch for certain ion source and LEBT parameter settings.
neutron diffractionLiu, Y.*; Yan, Z.*; Gao, Y.*; Li, Y.*; Gan, B.*; Harjo, S.; Gong, W.; 川崎 卓郎; Li, S.*; Wang, Y.-D.*
Microstructures (Internet), 5(4), p.2025096_1 - 2025096_15, 2025/10
The micromechanical behaviors and dislocation evolution in a polycrystalline Ni-Co-based superalloy were systematically investigated by 
neutron diffraction tensile testing combined with line profile analysis. The results reveal the sequential activation of 
' shearing and Orowan looping mechanisms, with interphase load partitioning governed by strain-dependent interactions of dislocation and precipitate. During the initial plastic deformation, the and ' phases undergo co-deformation through dislocation shearing without load transfer, while the Orowan looping facilitates the load transfer from to ' phase at a higher strain level. Furthermore, the low stacking fault energy leads to a rising fraction of screw dislocations by suppressing cross-slip. Crucially, the pinning effect of ' precipitates hinders the rearrangement of these dislocations into low-energy structures, resulting in the formation of high-energy, weakly screened dislocation configurations. These findings provide new evidence for the planar slip dominance in Ni-Co-based superalloys, enabling quantitative assessment of microstructural evolution and micromechanical responses.
Che, G.*; Tang, X.*; Liu, J.*; Lang, P.*; Fei, Y.*; Yang, X.*; Wang, Y.*; Gao, D.*; Wang, X.*; Ju, J.*; et al.
Nano Letters, 25(39), p.14467 - 14472, 2025/09
被引用回数：2 パーセンタイル：40.34(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)機械化学的ラジカル重合は、溶媒消費量の削減と不溶性モノマーへの適応性により、ポリマー合成において独自の利点を有する。しかしながら、反応中に生成ポリマーが制御不能に分解するという課題があり、精密な制御性を備えた新たな合成戦略の開発が求められている。本研究では、最大30GPaの高静圧を適用することで、1,3,5-トリフルオロベンゼンが共役
結合を切断するラジカル重合を起こし、高選択性でカーボンナノスレッド(ポリマーI多形体)を形成することを発見した。閾値圧力における結晶構造と結合経路の計算エネルギー障壁に基づき、ベンゼン環が1-2ラジカル重合経路で反応すると結論付けた。本研究は、極めて安定な芳香族化合物に対しても固相ラジカル重合を開始する堅牢な手法として高圧が有効であることを示し、高選択性を持つ炭素系高分子材料の合成に向けた新たな知見を提供する。
AuFu, X. Y.*; Liu, Z.*; Andreyev, A. N.; 他40名*
Chinese Physics C, 49(8), p.084004_1 - 084004_6, 2025/08
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：40.19(Physics, Nuclear)Delayed -ray spectroscopy of Au was performed at Argonne. A new isomer at 1504.2(4)~keV with a 630(80)~ns half-life was identified using - coincidences. It decays via a 294.8(3)~keV transition. Weisskopf estimates suggest this transition is likely E1, M1, E2, or M2. Possible configurations for this isomer are discussed using configuration-constrained potential energy surface calculations.
Zhao, X.*; Zhang, Z.*; 服部 高典; Wang, J.*; Li, L.*; Jia, Y.*; Li, W.*; Xue, J.*; Fan, X.*; Song, R.*; et al.
Nature Communications (Internet), 16, p.7713_1 - 7713_8, 2025/08
被引用回数：11 パーセンタイル：84.88(Multidisciplinary Sciences)熱効果は、固体状態の冷凍技術の一つの解決策の基盤を成すもので、通常は固体状態の相転移付近で発生し、冷凍温度範囲が限定されている。ここでは、前例のない概念である「全温度帯バロカロリック効果」を導入し実現する。すなわち、KPF
において77.5Kから300Kの極めて広い温度範囲(潜在的に4Kまで)で観測される顕著なバカカロリック効果である。この温度範囲は、一般的な室温、液体窒素、液体水素、液体ヘリウムの冷却領域をカバーしている。直接測定されたバーカロリック断熱温度変化は、250MPaの圧力を解放した際に、室温で12K、77.5Kで2.5Kに達する。この効果は、圧力依存性の中性子粉末回折、ラマン散乱解析、第一原理計算により示されるように、菱面体高圧相への持続的な相転移に起因する。構造的不安定性を考慮した熱力学的エネルギーランドスケープを記述する。この独自の全温度帯バロカロリック効果は、従来の多段式シナリオを超えた、高度に適用可能な固体状態冷凍技術への新たなアプローチを提供する。
Liu, Y.*; 宮田 登*; 宮崎 司*; 春藤 淳臣*; 川口 大輔*; 田中 敬二*; 青木 裕之
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 17(25), p.37311 - 37318, 2025/06
The performance of structural adhesives is strongly influenced by the interfacial structure between the adhesive and adherend. In this study, we developed a nanometric stable interfacial layer derived from an epoxy resin system containing excess hardener. This layer, formed on solid substrates, exhibited excellent structural stability, even after extensive solvent washing. Neutron reflectometry (NR) was employed to investigate its structure under both dry and humid conditions, revealing a robust and well-defined interface that suppressed moisture accumulation at the adherend interface. FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed an excess of unreacted amino groups in the adsorbed layer, enabling further curing reactions with freshly applied epoxy resin. Re-coating experiments demonstrated that the adsorbed layer remained intact after thermal curing, suggesting strong interfacial compatibility. Notably, the presence of the adsorbed layer led to a significant enhancement in adhesive performance. Lap shear tests showed that the adhesion strength of the epoxy resin nearly doubled when the adsorbed layer was introduced at the interface. This approach does not rely on external coupling agents or primers, but instead utilizes a homologous material system to tailor interfacial properties through molecular-level design. The strategy presented here offers a practical and scalable method for improving adhesion in epoxy systems. By directly engineering the adhesive interface using components intrinsic to the epoxy formulation, this method enables reliable and enhanced bonding performance without altering the bulk material.
Li, F.*; Tang, X.*; Fei, Y.*; Zhang, J.*; Liu, J.*; Lang, P.*; Che, G.*; Zhao, Z.*; Zheng, Y.*; Fang, Y.*; et al.
Journal of the American Chemical Society, 147(17), p.14054 - 14059, 2025/04
被引用回数：2 パーセンタイル：34.62(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)2,2'-ビピラジン(BPZ)の圧力誘起重合により結晶性グラファンナノリボン(GANR)を合成した。中性子回折データのリートベルト精密化,核磁気共鳴スペクトル,赤外スペクトル,理論計算を行った結果、BPZは 
積層した芳香環の間でディールス・アルダー重合し、並外れた長距離秩序を持つ伸びたボート型GANR構造を形成することがわかった。未反応の-C=N-基がボートの両端を橋渡ししており、さらなる機能化の余地がある。このGANRのバンドギャップは2.25eVであり、光電応答は良好である(I
/I
=18.8)。われわれの研究は、高圧トポケミカル重合法が、特定の構造と望んだ特性を持つグラファンの精密な合成に有望な方法であることを強調している。
Cho, S. H.*; Cho, S. W.*; Lv, Z.*; 関根 由莉奈; Liu, S.*; Zhou, M.*; Nuxoll, R. F.*; Kanatzidis, E. E.*; Ghaffari, R.*; Kim, D.*; et al.
Lab on a Chip, 25(7), p.1647 - 1655, 2025/04
被引用回数：16 パーセンタイル：98.24(Biochemical Research Methods)アミノ酸は体内のタンパク質合成と代謝プロセスに不可欠な物質である。本研究では、運動中の汗からのアミノ酸損失について定量的に調べることを目的とした。汗中のアミノ酸含有量をリアルタイムで分析するため、測定のための技術基盤としてウェアラブルなマイクロ流体システムを構築した。定量分析を実現するため、ウェアラブルデバイスに蛍光アッセイを組み込み、さらにスマートフォンベースの画像化技術を統合させたシステムを開発した。
Liu, P.-F.*; Li, X.*; Li, J.*; Zhu, J.*; Tong, Z.*; 古府 麻衣子*; 楡井 真実; Xu, J.*; Yin, W.*; Wang, F.*; et al.
National Science Review, 11(12), p.nwae216_1 - nwae216_10, 2024/12
被引用回数：33 パーセンタイル：91.60(Multidisciplinary Sciences)Crystalline solids exhibiting inherently low lattice thermal conductivity (
) are of great importance in applications such as thermoelectrics and thermal barrier coatings. However, cannot be arbitrarily low and is limited by the minimum thermal conductivity related to phonon dispersions. In this work, we report the liquid-like thermal transport in a well-ordered crystalline CsAg
Te
, which exhibits an extremely low value of 
0.18 Wm
K. On the basis of first-principles calculations and inelastic neutron scattering measurements, we find that there are lots of low-lying optical phonon modes at 3.1 meV hosting the avoided-crossing behavior with acoustic phonons. These strongly localized modes are accompanied by weakly bound rattling Ag atoms with thermally induced large amplitudes of vibrations. Using the two-channel model, we demonstrate that coupling of the particle-like phonon modes and the heat-carrying wave-like phonons is essential for understanding the low , which is heavily deviated from the 
temperature dependence of the standard Peierls theory. In addition, our analysis indicates that the soft structural framework with liquid-like motions of the fluctuating Ag atoms is the underlying cause that leads to the suppression of the heat conduction in CsAgTe. These factors synergistically account for the ultralow value. Our results demonstrate that the liquid-like heat transfer could indeed exist in a well-ordered crystal.
systemPan, Y.-W.*; Liu, Z.-W.*; Geng, L.-S.*; 保坂 淳; Liu, X.*
Physical Review D, 110(9), p.094004_1 - 094004_8, 2024/11
被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：34.17(Astronomy & Astrophysics)3つの粒子からなる系が浅い束縛状態を作る可能性を指摘した。これはエフィモフ効果が関わっていると解釈される。
-
transitionsYang, Q.*; Yang, X.*; Wang, Y.*; Fei, Y.*; Li, F.*; Zheng, H.*; Li, K.*; Han, Y.*; 服部 高典; Zhu, P.*; et al.
Nature Communications (Internet), 15, p.7778_1 - 7778_9, 2024/09
被引用回数：50 パーセンタイル：94.52(Multidisciplinary Sciences)明るい一重項励起子と三重項励起子を同時に発現する発光材料は、オプトエレクトロニクス、サイネージ、情報暗号化において大きな可能性を秘めている。しかしながら、高性能の白色発光を実現するためには、蛍光と燐光の寄与が不均衡であることが大きな障害となっている。ここでは、水素結合の協同効果による圧力処理エンジニアリングによって、n--遷移の混合を実現し、イソフタル酸(IPA)中で三重項状態の発光を7%から40%に高めることで、この課題に対処した。加圧処理したIPAでは、蛍光と燐光のハイブリッドに基づく優れた白色発光が得られ、フォトルミネッセンス量子収率は当初の19%(青色発光)から75%に増加した。その場での高圧IRスペクトル、X線回折、中性子回折から、圧力の上昇に伴い水素結合が連続的に強化されることが明らかになった。さらに、この強化された水素結合は、圧力処理後も常圧条件下まで保持され、バランスの取れた一重項/三重項励起子集団のための効率的な系間交差を目的としたIPAに与え、効率的な白色発光をもたらした。この研究は、有機低分子の三重項状態を明るくするルートを提案するだけでなく、一重項励起子と三重項励起子の比率を調節して、高性能の白色発光を構築するものである。
内田 和杜*; 増田 造*; 原 伸太郎*; 松尾 陽一*; Liu, Y.*; 青木 裕之; 浅野 吉彦*; 宮田 一輝*; 福間 剛士*; 小野 俊哉*; et al.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 16(30), p.39104 - 39116, 2024/07
被引用回数：11 パーセンタイル：65.65(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)Zwitterionic MPC polymer coatings effectively deter blood coagulation and protein buildup on medical devices. Researchers synthesized MPC copolymers containing a cross-linking unit (MPTMSi) plus one of four hydrophobic anchoring groups (MPTSSi, BMA, EHMA, LMA) and applied them to PDMS, PP, and PMP. These treatments yielded uniformly hydrophilic, electrically neutral surfaces. Protein adsorption tests showed that PMBSi (BMA) best resisted fluorescently labeled BSA, while PMLSi (LMA) was comparatively weaker, although all four coatings minimized platelet adhesion. Further analyses linked these differences in protein adsorption to varying swelling behaviors in water. Indeed, PMLSi absorbed more water, allowing some protein infiltration yet still repelling platelets. When tested under circulating flow to mimic shear stress, PMMMSi (MPTSSi) and PMLSi coatings on PP and PMP demonstrated excellent durability and platelet repellency. Overall, this study highlights how hydrophobic moieties can boost both hemocompatibility and stability of MPC-based coatings, promising improved performance in medical devices requiring low protein fouling, reduced platelet adhesion, and long-term reliability.
Kawano, Masayuki*; 盛満 裕真*; Liu, Y.*; 宮田 登*; 宮崎 司*; 青木 裕之; 川口 大輔*; 山本 悟*; 田中 敬二*
Macromolecules, 57(14), p.6625 - 6633, 2024/07
被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：11.14(Polymer Science)A better understanding of the dynamic behavior of polymer chains on solid surfaces is indispensable for the design and construction of high-performance polymer composites. We herein visualized the in-plane movement of isolated poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(tert-butyl methacrylate) (PtBMA) single chains on hydrophilic silicon wafers under ambient conditions by atomic force microscopy. Isolated PMMA chains adsorbed to the substrate, whereas PtBMA chains diffused, the degree of which was dependent on the humidity. Neutron reflectivity revealed the formation of a layer of condensed water on the substrate. All-atomistic molecular dynamics simulations implied that the diffusivity difference of the two polymers was based on the submerged depth in which a part of a chain existed. That is, the interaction of a polymer with the surface of the hydrophilic substrate primarily governs its lateral movement, or adsorption behavior, facilitated by the presence of water.
