Thermally altered subsurface material of asteroid (162173) Ryugu

Kitazato, Kohei*; Milliken, R. E.*; Iwata, Takahiro*; Abe, Masanao*; Otake, Makiko*; Matsuura, Shuji*; Takagi, Yasuhiko*; Nakamura, Tomoki*; Hiroi, Takahiro*; Matsuoka, Moe*; et al.

Nature Astronomy (Internet), 5(3), p.246 - 250, 2021/03

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-020-01271-2

Here we report observations of Ryugu's subsurface material by the Near-Infrared Spectrometer (NIRS3) on the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. Reflectance spectra of excavated material exhibit a hydroxyl (OH) absorption feature that is slightly stronger and peak-shifted compared with that observed for the surface, indicating that space weathering and/or radiative heating have caused subtle spectral changes in the uppermost surface. However, the strength and shape of the OH feature still suggests that the subsurface material experienced heating above 300 C, similar to the surface. In contrast, thermophysical modeling indicates that radiative heating does not increase the temperature above 200 C at the estimated excavation depth of 1 m, even if the semimajor axis is reduced to 0.344 au. This supports the hypothesis that primary thermal alteration occurred due to radiogenic and/or impact heating on Ryugu's parent body.

Implementation of a low-activation Au-In-Cd decoupler into the J-PARC 1 MW short pulsed spallation neutron source

Teshigawara, Makoto; Ikeda, Yujiro; Oi, Motoki; Harada, Masahide; Takada, Hiroshi; Kakishiro, Masanori*; Noguchi, Gaku*; Shimada, Tsubasa*; Seita, Kyoichi*; Murashima, Daisuke*; et al.

Nuclear Materials and Energy (Internet), 14, p.14 - 21, 2018/01

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nme.2018.02.001

We developed an Au-In-Cd (AuIC) decoupler material to reduce induced radioactivity instead of Ag-In-Cd one, which has a cut off energy of 1eV. In order to implement it into an actual moderator-reflector assembly, a number of critical engineering issues need to be resolved with regard to large-sized bonding between AuIC and A5083 alloys by the hot isostatic pressing process. We investigated this process in terms of the surface conditions, sizes, and heat capacities of large AuIC alloys. We also show a successful implementation of an AuIC decoupler into a reflector assembly, resulting in a remarkable reduction of radioactivity by AuIC compared to AIC without sacrificing neutronic performance.

Surface modification effects on hydrogen absorption property of a hydrogen storage alloy by short pulse laser irradiation

Abe, Hiroshi; Shimomura, Takuya; Tokuhira, Shinnosuke*; Shimada, Yukihiro*; Takenaka, Yusuke*; Furuyama, Yuta*; Nishimura, Akihiko; Uchida, Hirohisa*; Daido, Hiroyuki; Oshima, Takeshi

Proceedings of 7th International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing (LAMP 2015) (Internet), 4 Pages, 2015/08

A short pulse laser (the nanosecond and femtosecond) was applied to hydrogen absorbing alloys surface layer, and a surface modification experiment was put into effective to aim at improvement of hydrogen adsorption functionally. It was investigated about correlation between an initial hydrogen absorption reaction rate of hydrogen alloys and a laser irradiation in this research. The laser irradiation condition was done with pulse width 100 fsec and energy 0.2 - 3.4 mJ/pulse. It blazed down on hydrogen absorbing alloys (LaNiAl) and changed local order in the surface. As a result, the initial hydrogen absorption reaction rate was 1.5 - 3.0 times as fast as a irradiated sample, and the result and laser irradiated sample found out that a hydrogen absorption function improves. A laser irradiation can conclude to be effective in surface modification of the hydrogen storage materials.

Development of safety management system for works in radiation controlled area (Joint research)

Hiyama, Kazuhisa; Hanawa, Nobuhiro; Kurosawa, Akihiko; Eguchi, Shohei; Hori, Naohiko; Kusunoki, Tsuyoshi; Ueda, Hisao; Shimada, Hiroshi; Kanda, Hiroaki*; Saito, Isamu*

JAEA-Technology 2013-045, 32 Pages, 2014/02

JAEA-Technology-2013-045.pdf:5.83MB

This report summarizes regarding to develop of real-time multifunctional access control system which is able to manage worker's access control and exposure dose at real-time in the reactor building, besides worker's location and worker might be fall down by accident.

Recent progress in the energy recovery linac project in Japan

Sakanaka, Shogo*; Akemoto, Mitsuo*; Aoto, Tomohiro*; Arakawa, Dai*; Asaoka, Seiji*; Enomoto, Atsushi*; Fukuda, Shigeki*; Furukawa, Kazuro*; Furuya, Takaaki*; Haga, Kaiichi*; et al.

Proceedings of 1st International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC '10) (Internet), p.2338 - 2340, 2010/05

http://accelconf.web.cern.ch/AccelConf/IPAC10/papers/tupe091.pdf

Future synchrotron light source using a 5-GeV energy recovery linac (ERL) is under proposal by our Japanese collaboration team, and we are conducting R&D efforts for that. We are developing high-brightness DC photocathode guns, two types of cryomodules for both injector and main superconducting (SC) linacs, and 1.3 GHz high CW-power RF sources. We are also constructing the Compact ERL (cERL) for demonstrating the recirculation of low-emittance, high-current beams using above-mentioned critical technologies.

X-ray absorption spectroscopy and magnetic circular dichroism in codeposited C-Co films with giant tunnel magnetoresistance

Matsumoto, Yoshihiro; Sakai, Seiji; Takagi, Yasumasa*; Nakagawa, Takeshi*; Yokoyama, Toshihiko*; Shimada, Toshihiro*; Mitani, Seiji*; Naramoto, Hiroshi*; Maeda, Yoshihito

Chemical Physics Letters, 470(4-6), p.244 - 248, 2009/03

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2009.01.032

Electronic and spin states of the codeposited C-Co films with large tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) effect were investigated with the X-ray absorption and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopies. It is revealed that a C-Co compound generated in the C-Co films shows the clear MCD signal attributed to the spin-polarized Co 3d states hybridized with C orbitals. The magnetic response of these Co 3d-derived states agrees well with temperature dependence of the observed MR ratios of the granular C-Co films. This suggests the incorporation of the spin-polarized Co 3d-derived states of the C-Co compound into the observed TMR effect.

Development of time-resolved X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy system using an X-ray tube driven by ultrafast pulsed laser

Yamada, Hidetaka; Murakami, Hiroshi; Shimada, Yukihiro

Hyomen Kagaku, 29(7), p.413 - 417, 2008/07

https://doi.org/10.1380/jsssj.29.413

A femtosecond-laser-driven X-ray source and an X-ray focusing system have been developed for the time-resolved X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. The X-ray source, in which a plasma cathode induced by a 10-W/cm laser pulse serves as an electron source of an X-ray tube, provides 10 Cu K photons in 4sr per pulse. The X-ray pulse duration is measured to be about two hundred nanoseconds. Emission analysis of the plasma cathode indicates that the temporal characteristics of the X-ray pulse are determined by the dynamics of the plasma particles under the electrostatic shielding against the applied voltage in the X-ray tube. As for the X-ray focusing system, a focal spot size by a polycapillary lens is measured and the enhancement of X-ray fluorescence intensity due to the lens is demonstrated.

The Electronic structures of fullerene/transition-metal hybrid material

Matsumoto, Yoshihiro; Sakai, Seiji; Naramoto, Hiroshi*; Hirao, Norie*; Baba, Yuji; Shimada, Toshihiro*; Sugai, Isamu; Takanashi, Koki; Maeda, Yoshihito

Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Vol.1081 (Internet), 6 Pages, 2008/03

Recently, we have found the appearance of substantial MR ratio (80%) in a C/Co hybrid material. Such the MR ratio cannot be explained enough only by tunnel conduction through Co grains. Therefore, to obtain information about electronic structures of C/Co hybrid material is necessary. Absorption spectra of CCo are different from that of pristine C. In particular, peak intensity corresponding to (LUMO) C 1s excitation of CCo is clearly attenuated. In addition, C 1s photoelectron peak of CCo slightly shifted to lower binding energy compared to that of pristine C. These results indicate that 3d electron of Co transfers to orbital of C and new electronic states are formed in the C-Co compound. In fact, XPS spectra of valence excitation region also demonstrate the formation of hybrid orbital near the Fermi level due to the coupling of C and Co.

Evaluation of bending strain dependence of critical current of NbAl conductor for coils with react-and-wind method

Kizu, Kaname; Tsuchiya, Katsuhiko; Shimada, Katsuhiro; Ando, Toshinari*; Hishinuma, Yoshimitsu*; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Matsukawa, Makoto; Miura, Yushi*; Nishimura, Arata*; Okuno, Kiyoshi; et al.

Fusion Engineering and Design, 82(5-14), p.1493 - 1499, 2007/10

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2007.03.016

no abstracts in English

Compatibility of reduced activation ferritic steel wall with high performance plasma on JFT-2M

Tsuzuki, Kazuhiro; Kamiya, Kensaku; Shinohara, Koji; Bakhtiari, M.*; Ogawa, Hiroaki; Kurita, Genichi; Takechi, Manabu; Kasai, Satoshi; Sato, Masayasu; Kawashima, Hisato; et al.

Nuclear Fusion, 46(11), p.966 - 971, 2006/11

https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/46/11/010

no abstracts in English