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石田 武和*; Vu, TheDang*; 宍戸 寛明*; 相澤 一也; 奥 隆之; 及川 健一; 原田 正英; 小嶋 健児*; 宮嶋 茂之*; 小山 富男*; et al.
Journal of Low Temperature Physics, 214(3-4), p.152 - 157, 2024/02
被引用回数:0 パーセンタイル:0.02(Physics, Applied)We built a new cryostat to apply a current-biased kinetic inductance detector (CB-KID) for conducting neutron transmission imaging of room temperature samples under pulsed neutrons. A Wood's metal alloy of melting temperature 75.2C was placed at room temperature to inspect the measurement system at J-PARC. Since one of the four phases of Wood's metal is a fine Cd-rich needle phase (width 25 m and length 5 mm), it is suitable for observing fine mosaic structure selectively by neutron imaging. The spatial resolution of the CB-KID imager was estimated as 10 m by using a Gd Siemens-star pattern. The CB-KID system is useful to conduct transmission imaging for various materials rather easily at room temperature.
宍戸 寛明*; Vu, TheDang*; 相澤 一也; 小嶋 健児*; 小山 富男*; 及川 健一; 原田 正英; 奥 隆之; 曽山 和彦; 宮嶋 茂之*; et al.
Journal of Applied Crystallography, 56(4), p.1108 - 1113, 2023/08
被引用回数:0 パーセンタイル:0.02(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)Recent progress in high-power pulsed neutron sources has stimulated the development of the Bragg dip and Bragg edge analysis methods using a two-dimensional neutron detector with high temporal resolution to resolve the neutron energy by the time-of-flight method. A delay-line current-biased kinetic inductance detector (CB-KID) is a two-dimensional superconducting sensor with a high temporal resolution and multi-hit capability. Here, it is demonstrated that a delay-line CB-KID with a B neutron conversion layer can be applied to high-spatial-resolution neutron transmission imaging and spectroscopy up to 100 eV. Dip structures are observed in the transmission spectra of YbSn single crystals, induced by Bragg diffraction and nuclear resonance absorption. The orientation mapping of YbSn crystals is successfully drawn based on the analysis of observed Bragg dip positions in the transmission spectra.
宍戸 寛明*; 西村 和真*; Vu, TheDang*; 相澤 一也; 小嶋 健児*; 小山 富男*; 及川 健一; 原田 正英; 奥 隆之; 曽山 和彦; et al.
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 31(9), p.2400505_1 - 2400505_5, 2021/12
被引用回数:0 パーセンタイル:0(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)中性子イメージングは、重金属に対する高透過性、軽元素に対する高感度、同位体と中性子との特異な核反応による同位体選択性などの中性子ビームの特徴を活かした非破壊検査の有力な手段の一つである。本研究では、超伝導検出器である電流バイアス運動インダクタンス検出器(CB-KID)を用いて、パルス中性子源を用いた飛行時間法による波長分解中性子イメージングを行った。遅延時間型CB-KIDを用いて、GdAl単結晶を成長させたGd-Al合金試料の中性子透過像を取得した。その結果、単結晶はAl-Gd合金全体に渡って、形状,分布ともに良好に観察することができた。また、中性子の波長0.03nm以上でGdによる特徴的な中性子の吸収を確認した。さらに、15m 12mという限られた検出面で、同位体と中性子の核反応によって生じるGd共鳴ディップを観測することができた。また、Gdの共鳴ディップを用いてGd選択的イメージングを行ったところ、中性子の波長幅が1pmという限られた範囲で、明確なGd核の元素選択イメージング像を取得することに成功した。
Vu, TheDang; 宍戸 寛明*; 相澤 一也; 小嶋 健児*; 小山 富男*; 及川 健一; 原田 正英; 奥 隆之; 曽山 和彦; 宮嶋 茂之*; et al.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 1006, p.165411_1 - 165411_8, 2021/08
被引用回数:1 パーセンタイル:18.91(Instruments & Instrumentation)We found that the sizes of the Gd islands determined from the transmission image correlated strongly with those determined from the SEM image. We demonstrated the CB-KID could be used to identify (1) tiny voids in a thermally sprayed continuous GdO film in and (2) various mosaic morphologies and different eutectic microstructures in Wood's metal samples. The fact that the CB-KID system could be used to identify features of samples with a wide distribution of sizes and thicknesses is promising for real application of the device for imaging samples of interest to material scientists. Operating the CB-KID at higher temperatures appreciably improved the efficiency for simultaneously identifying the X and Y positions of hotspots. We also compared the detection efficiency with the PHITS simulations. We now plan to improve the detection efficiency by increasing the thickness of the B neutron conversion layer
Vu, TheDang; 宍戸 寛明*; 小嶋 健児*; 小山 富男*; 及川 健一; 原田 正英; 宮嶋 茂之*; 奥 隆之; 曽山 和彦; 相澤 一也; et al.
Superconductor Science and Technology, 34(1), p.015010_1 - 015010_10, 2021/01
被引用回数:3 パーセンタイル:27.71(Physics, Applied)We demonstrated that a four-readout superconducting neutron imaging system shows good spatial heterogeneity and linearity using the delay-line method. We examined the precise pattern of a B-dot-array absorber and found the X-direction pitch (Px) = 250.7 um with a scatter of (Hx)= 5.4 um and the Y-direction pitch (Py)= 249.1 um with a scatter of (Hy)= 3.4 um while the B dot array was fully extended toward the X direction across the detector sensitive area. We consider that this demonstrates detection with good spatial homogeneity and conclude. The transmission-imaging system is suitable for use at pulsed neutron facilities. We also reported a clear transmission image of tiny screws and nuts, and ladybug (insect). We recognize that further efforts to improve the detection efficiency are necessary to make using the detector more practical.
宍戸 寛明*; 西村 和真*; Vu, TheDang*; 小嶋 健児*; 小山 富男*; 及川 健一; 原田 正英; 宮嶋 茂之*; 日高 睦夫*; 奥 隆之; et al.
Journal of Physics; Conference Series, 1590, p.012033_1 - 012033_8, 2020/10
被引用回数:0 パーセンタイル:0.01(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)We demonstrate the development of an energy resolved neutron transmission imaging system via a solid-state superconducting detector, called current-biased kinetic-inductance detector (CB-KID). CB-KIDs comprise X and Y superconducting Nb meanderlines with Nb ground plane and a B conversion layer, which converts a neutron to two charged particles. CB-KID uses the delay-line method, and allows us to reconstruct the two-dimensional neutron transmission image of a test sample with four signal readout lines. We examined the capability of high spatial and energy (wavelength) resolved neutron transmission imaging over the sensor active area of 15 15 mm for various samples, including biological and metal ones. We also demonstrated the capability for the Bragg edge transmission and an energy-resolved neutron image in which stainless-steel specimens were discriminating from other specimens.
飯澤 侑貴*; 宍戸 寛明*; 西村 和真*; Vu, TheDang*; 小嶋 健児*; 小山 富男*; 及川 健一; 原田 正英; 宮嶋 茂之*; 日高 睦夫*; et al.
Superconductor Science and Technology, 32(12), p.125009_1 - 125009_8, 2019/12
被引用回数:13 パーセンタイル:59.07(Physics, Applied)Neutron imaging is one of the key technologies for non-destructive transmission testing. Recent progress in the development of intensive neutron sources allows us to perform energy-resolved neutron imaging with high spatial resolution. We have been developing a neutron imager aiming at conducting high spatial and temporal resolution imaging based on a delay-line neutron detector, called the current-biased kinetic-inductance detector, with a conversion layer B. The detector allowed us to obtain a neutron transmission image with four signal readout lines. Herein, we expanded the sensor active area, and improved the spatial resolution of the detector. We examined the capability of high spatial resolution neutron imaging over the sensor active area of 15 15 mm for various samples, including biological and metal ones. We also demonstrated an energy-resolved neutron image in which stainless-steel specimens were discriminating of other specimens with the aid of the Bragg edge transmission.
Elekes, Z.*; Kripk, *; Sohler, D.*; Sieja, K.*; 緒方 一介*; 吉田 数貴; Doornenbal, P.*; Obertelli, A.*; Authelet, G.*; 馬場 秀忠*; et al.
Physical Review C, 99(1), p.014312_1 - 014312_7, 2019/01
被引用回数:10 パーセンタイル:64.15(Physics, Nuclear)(,)反応によるNiの核構造の探索実験を行った。Lenzi, Nowacki, Poves, Sieja相互作用を用いた殻模型計算では実験結果を説明しうる陽子空孔状態が得られており、理論的な断面積計算は実験値とよい一致を与えた。実験で得られたすべての状態を理論的に一意に決定することはできなかったが、過去の実験結果と同様にNi同位体でのZ = 28の大きなshell gapを示す結果が得られた。
坂本 一馬*; 曽 智*; 鈴木 芳代; 栗田 雄一*; 辻 敏夫*
Proceedings of SAI Intelligent Systems Conference 2015 (IntelliSys 2015), p.668 - 673, 2015/00
The nematode () is a simple multi-cellular organism consisting of approximately 1,000 cells including 302 neurons, and is the only creature whose connectome has been fully mapped. For these reasons, is ideal for studying information-processing mechanisms embedded in the neural network. This paper proposes a neural network model of with the actual neural structure preserved to simulate the worm's attraction to sodium chloride (NaCl). To implement attractant behavior, the worm's neural network must calculate the temporal and spatial gradients of NaCl concentration; however, the mechanism behind this complex information processing in the worm's neural network has not yet been fully elucidated. As a first step to analyze the information processing mechanism, the parameters of the neural network model were adjusted using the backpropagation through time (BPTT) algorithm, and the neural network model was verified for its ability to generate temporal and spatial gradients. Simulation for neuron ablation experiment was then carried out, and the results exhibited same trends as the biological experiment indicating that our approach can be used to predict the results of biological experiments, and can therefore be used as a tool to provide guidelines for such experiments.
曽 智*; 鈴木 芳代; 栗田 雄一*; 辻 敏夫*
Proceedings of SAI Intelligent Systems Conference 2015 (IntelliSys 2015), p.651 - 656, 2015/00
The tiny roundworm () is one of the simplest multicellular organisms known, with a neural circuit consisting of just 302 neurons. Despite its simplicity, the worm can navigate efficiently to the source of a target chemical - a movement known as chemotaxis. Recent studies have revealed that the worm utilizes only two sensory neurons to determine the temporal and spatial gradients of chemical substances for chemotaxis, but its neural computation mechanism is not yet fully understood. The authors propose a mathematical model based on measurement data and neural connection structure to simulate chemotaxis and using a robot simulator platform in order to account for wholebody movements. The simulation results are used as a basis for discussion of how chemical gradients are calculated in neurons.
中西 千佳; 佐藤 猛; 佐藤 宗平; 永井 晴康; 掛札 豊和; 堅田 元喜; 都築 克紀; 池田 武司; 奥野 浩; 山本 一也; et al.
JAEA-Technology 2013-030, 105 Pages, 2013/10
原子力緊急時支援・研修センター及び原子力基礎工学研究部門は、文部科学省からの要請に基づき、北朝鮮による三回目の地下核実験に対するモニタリング計画の策定に資する目的から、WSPEEDI-IIを用いた放射性物質の放出を仮定した拡散予測を行った。これらの予測結果は、平成25年2月12日から22日までの毎日、文部科学省及び防衛省に提供し、文部科学省のホームページにて公開された。一方、両部門では、平成24年4月から平成25年3月までの11か月間、夜間・休日を含め、地下核実験の実施に備えた体制の維持に努めた。本報では、これらの一連の対応の概要及び得られた課題について整理した。
服部 佑哉; 鈴木 芳代; 曽 智*; 小林 泰彦; 辻 敏夫*
Artificial Life and Robotics, 17(2), p.173 - 179, 2012/12
The pharyngeal pumping motion to send food to the bowel is a rhythmic movement in . We proposed a computer simulation of the pumping motion to investigate the mechanisms of rhythm phenomena in living organisms. To conduct the simulations we developed a mathematical model of the pharyngeal muscle that corresponds to the actual structure at a muscular level, and which generates the pumping rhythms. Each of 29 cells was modeled as a membrane potential model based on FitzHugh-Nagumo Equations to simulate the internal response. The electrophysiological responses of the pharyngeal muscular cells were measured as an electropharyngeogram (EPG) that records the activities of the pharynx as a signal pattern, including the membrane potentials in multiple cells. We also developed an EPG model that calculated EPG based on the outputs of individual membrane-potential models. We confirmed that our model of the pharynx could generate rhythms similar to the EPG measured from .
木曽原 直之; 鈴木 裕士; 秋田 貢一; 笠原 直人*
Proceedings of 2012 International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP '12) (CD-ROM), p.621 - 630, 2012/06
A double-wall-tube is the steam generator heat transfer tube of future sodium fast reactors in Japan. An inner tube and an outer tube are contacted to keep the heat transfer performance. The contact stress falls down due to relaxation, and this phenomenon might degrade the heat transfer performance. Although the relaxation can be predicted by numerical analysis, the analysis requires the data of the initial stress distributions. However, unclear initial stress distributions prevent precious relaxation evaluation. To resolve this issue, a neutron diffraction method was employed to reveal the initial stress distributions. The measurement results were also analyzed using a structural computer code to determine the initial stress distributions. Based on the stress distributions, the computer code has predicted the transition of the contact stress, and showed that the inner and outer tubes are contacted with sufficient stresses during the plant life time.
服部 佑哉; 鈴木 芳代; 曽 智*; 小林 泰彦; 辻 敏夫*
Neural Computation, 24(3), p.635 - 675, 2012/03
被引用回数:6 パーセンタイル:33.93(Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence)Neural oscillator with a double-chain structure is one of the central pattern generator models used to simulate and/or understand rhythmic movements in living organisms. However, it is difficult to reproduce desired rhythmic signals by tuning an enormous number of parameters of neural oscillators. In this study, we propose an automatic tuning method consisting of two parts. The first involves tuning rules for both the time constants and the amplitude of the oscillatory outputs based on theoretical analyses of the relationship between parameters and outputs of the neural oscillators. The second involves an evolutionary tuning method with a two-step genetic algorithm (GA), consisting of a global GA and a local GA, for tuning of parameters such as neural connection weights that have no exact tuning rule. Using numerical experiments, we confirmed that the proposed tuning method could successfully tune all parameters and generate sinusoidal waves. The tuning performance of the proposed method was less affected by factors such as the number of excitatory oscillators or the desired outputs. Furthermore, the proposed method was applied to the parameter-tuning problem of some types of artificial and biological wave reproduction, and yielded optimal parameter values that generated complex rhythmic signals in without trial and error.
服部 佑哉; 鈴木 芳代; 曽 智*; 小林 泰彦; 辻 敏夫*
Lecture Notes in Computer Science 6352, p.401 - 410, 2010/09
Neural oscillators with a ladder-like structure is one of the central pattern generator (CPG) model that is used to simulate rhythmic movements in living organisms. However, it is not easy to realize rhythmical cycles by tuning many parameters of neural oscillators. In this study, we propose an automatic tuning method. We derive the tuning rules for both the time constants and the coefficients of amplitude by linearizing the nonlinear equations of the neural oscillators. Other parameters such as neural connection weights are tuned using a genetic algorithm (GA). Through numerical experiments, we confirmed that the proposed tuning method can successfully tune all parameters.
辻 敏夫*; 鈴木 芳代; 曽 智*; 寺脇 充*; 滝口 昇*; 大竹 久夫*
ソフトウェアバイオロジー, 9, p.3 - 12, 2010/03
生物は現在の工学技術では実現することができないような複雑で優れた環境適応・運動制御メカニズムを有しており、そのメカニズムを知能機械の設計や制御に採り入れることができれば、現存する知能機械の性能を飛躍的に向上できる可能性がある。われわれの研究チームでは、工学的な視点から生物の優れた情報処理能力に着目し、線虫, げっ歯類(ラット及びマウス), 小型魚類(メダカ及びゼブラフィッシュ)を対象として、生物の情報処理メカニズムの工学的理解とその利用に関する研究課題に取り組んでいる。本稿では、特に、(1)線虫の神経-筋モデルの構築とシミュレーション、(2)ラットの嗅覚系モデルの構築と糸球体活動パターン予測シミュレーション、(3)メダカを「生きたセンサ」として利用したバイオアッセイシステムの開発という3つの研究課題の概要と現在までの取り組みを紹介する。
此村 守; 小川 隆; 岡野 靖; 山口 浩之; 村上 勤; 高木 直行; 西口 洋平; 杉野 和輝; 永沼 正行; 菱田 正彦; et al.
JNC TN9400 2004-035, 2071 Pages, 2004/06
ナトリウム冷却炉、鉛ビスマス冷却炉、ヘリウムガス冷却炉及び水冷却炉について、革新技術を導入し炉型の特徴を活かした炉システム概念を構築し、その概念の成立の見通しを得るための検討を行うとともに、設計要求への適合性を評価した。その結果、2015年頃に高速増殖炉技術を実用化するためには、現状の知見で課題とされた項目で画期的な技術革新がないかぎり、ナトリウムを冷却材して選択することが合理的であることが明らかとなった。
大島 武; 伊藤 久義; 上殿 明良*; 鈴木 良一*; 石田 夕起*; 高橋 徹夫*; 吉川 正人; 児島 一聡; 大平 俊行*; 梨山 勇; et al.
電子技術総合研究所彙報, 62(10-11), p.469 - 476, 1999/00
イオン注入により立方晶炭化ケイ素(3C-SiC)中に発生する欠陥と熱処理による欠陥の回復を電子スピン共鳴(ESR)、陽電子消滅測定(PAS)及びフォトルミネッセンス測定(PL)により調べた。3C-SiCへ200keV-Al及びNを110 110/cmのドーズ量で室温から1200までの温度で注入した。注入後の熱処理はAr中で1400まで行った。ESR及びPL測定の結果、800以上の高温注入を行うことで照射欠陥を著しく低減できることがわかった。また、室温注入試料中の空孔型欠陥の熱処理による振る舞いをPAS測定により調べた。その結果、1400までの熱処理温度領域が空孔型欠陥の複合化、クラスタ化といった5つの領域に分けられることがわかった。
鈴木 裕士; 町屋 修太郎; 秋庭 義明; 笠原 直人; 木曽原 直之
no journal, ,
FBR用のナトリウム加熱型蒸気発生器(直管2重管蒸気発生器)の2重伝熱管、及び管-管板継手部位において生じる応力(面圧及び拡管力)を、中性子回折という非破壊計測手法により計測した。この結果、今まで知られていなかった2重管内部の応力分布や、管板内部の拡管影響層の大きさが明らかになった。これらの結果を用いることで、同蒸気発生器のプラント寿命中における2重管や継ぎ手の構造健全性を、精度よく評価ができる可能性のあることがわかった。
服部 佑哉; 曽 智*; 鈴木 芳代; 坂下 哲哉; 小林 泰彦; 辻 敏夫*
no journal, ,
生物のリズミカルな反復運動を制御する周期信号生成回路(CPG)の動作機構をロボット制御等に応用することを目指し、種々のCPGモデル(神経振動子)が提案されている。しかし、複数のパラメータを適切に調整して、生物固有の周期信号を再現するのは容易ではない。本研究では、梯子状に非線形素子が並んだ神経振動子を対象とし、パラメータの自動調整法を提案する。本手法は、線形化による振動解析をもとにパラメータの設定条件を導出した後、遺伝的アルゴリズムによって調整するものである。講演では、線虫の反復運動を制御するCPGを想定した神経振動子のパラメータ調整に、本手法を適用した例を紹介する。