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坂本 雅洋; 奥村 啓介; 神野 郁夫; 松村 太伊知; 寺島 顕一; Riyana E. S.; 溝上 暢人*; 溝上 伸也*
JAEA-Research 2024-017, 14 Pages, 2025/03
東京電力ホールディングス株式会社福島第一原子力発電所では、2号機から燃料デブリの試験的取り出しを行い、回収物を構外輸送し茨城地区で分析することが計画されている。取り出された燃料デブリの分析結果は、将来的な燃料デブリ管理の各工程(取り出し、収納、移送、保管等)の検討にフィードバックされ、必要な技術開発に活用することが期待されている。試験的取り出しでサンプリングされる燃料デブリは数グラム程度が予定されており、その後、段階的に取り出し規模を拡大させていくことになる。試験的取り出しにおいては、構外輸送に係る関係法令に則って事前に合理的な輸送容器を検討することが必要になる。本報では物質組成や性状が不明瞭な燃料デブリ回収物の安全評価に資するため、少量燃料デブリの構外輸送に向けたA型輸送容器の適用性評価を行った。
松村 太伊知; 奥村 啓介; 坂本 雅洋; 寺島 顕一; Riyana E. S.; 近藤 千博*
Nuclear Engineering and Design, 432, p.113791_1 - 113791_9, 2025/02
被引用回数:0 パーセンタイル:0.00(Nuclear Science & Technology)Retrieving objects with a small amount of fuel debris, such as a few grams, will begin soon at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (1F) at the start of decommissioning. Objects retrieved from the primary containment vessel are not necessarily fuel debris; fuel debris is an object from which neutrons are emitted because it contains nuclear-fuel material. However, the characteristics of the neutrons emitted by fuel debris are unknown. Fuel debris was categorized into five types according to the elapsed time from the accident, burnup, and fuel type (UO or mixed oxide). The number and energy spectra of (
,
) and spontaneous fission neutrons emitted from 1 g of each fuel debris type were estimated using the SOURCES 4C code to obtain the neutron characteristics. The results showed that the average neutron energy is approximately 2.1 MeV, regardless of the type of fuel debris. However, the intensities of neutrons emitted from the fuel debris in 1F Units 2 and 3 varied by four orders of magnitude according to the fuel debris type.
坂本 雅洋; 奥村 啓介; 神野 郁夫; 松村 太伊知; 寺島 顕一; Riyana E. S.; 金子 純一*; 溝上 暢人*; 溝上 伸也*
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 10 Pages, 2025/00
被引用回数:0 パーセンタイル:0.00(Nuclear Science & Technology)In this paper, we propose a new nuclide inventory estimation method based on computational methods, called a "theoretical scaling factor method" for difficult-to-measure (DTM) nuclides in fuel debris and radioactive wastes. The theoretical scaling factor method provides a method similar to a conventional scaling factor method. The theoretical scaling factor method, however, does not require performing many measurements to obtain correlations between a key nuclide which is easy-to-measure and a DTM nuclide. Instead of actual analytical measurements, the results of theoretical calculations are used. A correlation equation between the key nuclide and the DTM nuclide is created based on the results of theoretical calculations, and the DTM nuclide is deterministically estimated using the measurement value of the key nuclide only. In this paper, we selected Cs-135 as the DTM nuclide and Cs-137 as the key nuclide. Cs-135 has a long half-life of 2.310
years and is one of the important fission products in the safety evaluation for the geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste, because it dissolves and migrates in groundwater easily. We confirmed the validity of the proposed method using measured data of Cs-137 and Cs-135 on radioactive wastes from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (1F) accident obtained by many researchers. It can be used as a rational and efficient technology to reduce the analysis costs of various types of fuel debris and radioactive waste present at 1F.
Riyana, E. S.; 奥村 啓介; 坂本 雅洋; 松村 太伊知; 寺島 顕一; 神野 郁夫
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 61(2), p.269 - 276, 2024/02
被引用回数:0 パーセンタイル:0.00(Nuclear Science & Technology)We investigated the possibility of estimating the effective neutron multiplication factor () of the fuel debris inside the canister and primary containment vessel (PCV) of Unit 2 of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (1F) using remote gas-radioactivity measurement via simulation-based calculations. Our results demonstrate an almost linear correlation between
and the
Kr-to-
Xe activity ratio with respect to various fuel debris compositions. This correlation is maintained regardless of geometries such as the fuel debris canister and the PCV.
松村 太伊知; 奥村 啓介; 藤田 学*; 坂本 雅洋; 寺島 顕一; Riyana, E. S.
Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 199, p.110298_1 - 110298_8, 2022/10
被引用回数:3 パーセンタイル:42.88(Chemistry, Physical)The characterization of bremsstrahlung and -rays from fuel debris differs from that of spent fuels evaluated to date, due to factors such as material composition and release of volatile fission products. In this work, in order to clarify the conditions under which the effect of bremsstrahlung compared to the total photons (bremsstrahlung and
-rays) in fuel debris is maximized, the average energies and dose rates from the energy spectra of bremsstrahlung and
-rays on the fuel debris surface were obtained using a Monte Carlo simulation. In the simulation, the average energies and dose rates were evaluated with consideration of the composition, size, fission product release, and retrieval time of the fuel debris. The simulation showed that the composition with the largest amount of change to the average total photons energy caused by bremsstrahlung was the molten fuel debris, and the composition with the maximum fraction of bremsstrahlung in the dose rate was the UO
. The maximum value of the fraction of bremsstrahlung in the dose rate was evaluated to be about 17%. This work is expected to contribute to the prediction of the radiation characteristics of the fuel debris that will be retrieved from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station in the near future.
Riyana, E. S.; 奥村 啓介; 坂本 雅洋; 松村 太伊知; 寺島 顕一
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 59(4), p.424 - 430, 2022/04
被引用回数:1 パーセンタイル:10.00(Nuclear Science & Technology)Modification of the Monte Carlo depletion calculation code OpenMC was performed to enable the depletion calculation of the subcritical neutron multiplying system. With the modified code, it became possible to evaluate the quantity of short half-life fission products from spontaneous and induced fissions in the subcritical system. As a preliminary study, it was applied to the fuel debris storage canister filled with nuclear materials and spontaneous fission nuclides. It was confirmed that the code could successfully provide a quantity of short half-life FPs over time and provide the relationship between the activity ratio of Kr-88 to Xe-135 and effective neutron multiplication factor of the canister.
寺島 顕一; 奥村 啓介
Journal of Advanced Simulation in Science and Engineering (Internet), 8(1), p.73 - 86, 2021/03
In 2021, fuel debris samplings are planned to start as part of a step-by-step process at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power station. The dose rate of the fuel debris for safety treatments of the fuel debris should be predicted. However, various elements are mixed in the fuel debris, and thus predicting the dose rate will be challenging. Therefore, we conducted a large number of Monte Carlo radiation transport simulations for cases where parameters such as fuel debris size, composition, and density were significantly changed. Consequently, we obtained a simple and analytical formula that can predict the dose rate using a minimum number of parameters.
Riyana, E. S.; 奥村 啓介; 寺島 顕一; 松村 太伊知; 坂本 雅洋
Mechanical Engineering Journal (Internet), 7(3), p.19-00543_1 - 19-00543_8, 2020/06
Prediction of the fuel debris location and distribution inside the primary containment vessel (PCV) of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant is important to decide further decommissioning step and strategy. The radiation measurements in the past internal investigations have not yet provided enough information to predict fuel debris location and its distribution inside PCV. To support further measurement efforts, we simulate the detector response inside the PCV. The calculation result could provide a base on deciding suitable detector systems to assist the efforts on searching, localizing and defining distributions of the fuel debris.
Riyana, E. S.; 奥村 啓介; 寺島 顕一
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 56(9-10), p.922 - 931, 2019/09
被引用回数:7 パーセンタイル:53.80(Nuclear Science & Technology)Determination of fuel debris location and distribution inside primary containment vessel of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station is important to decide further decommissioning step and strategy. We calculate neutron flux produced from fuel debris and secondary particles photon resulted from neutron reaction with nuclides inside fuel debris, including direct photon emission from FPs in fuel debris. Neutron and gamma characteristics resulted from calculation could be use as basis for determination suitable spectrometer system or detector for searching, localizing and treatment of fuel debris.
Riyana, E. S.; 奥村 啓介; 寺島 顕一
Proceedings of 27th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE-27) (Internet), 4 Pages, 2019/05
Determination of fuel debris location and distribution inside primary containment vessel (PCV) of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station is important to decide further decommissioning step and strategy. Past measurements not yet provide enough information to determine fuel debris location and its distribution inside PCV. To support further measurements effort, we simulate detector response inside PCV based on calculated photon and neutron emission spectrum produced from fuel debris. The Calculation result could be use as basis for determination of suitable spectrometer system or detector for search, localized, define fuel debris distributions and treatment of fuel debris.
岩崎 悠真*; 竹内 一郎*; Stanev, V.*; Gilad Kusne, A.*; 石田 真彦*; 桐原 明宏*; 井原 和紀*; 澤田 亮人*; 寺島 浩一*; 染谷 浩子*; et al.
Scientific Reports (Internet), 9, p.2751_1 - 2751_7, 2019/02
被引用回数:83 パーセンタイル:93.83(Multidisciplinary Sciences)Thermoelectric technologies are becoming indispensable in the quest for a sustainable future. Recently, an emerging phenomenon, the spin-driven thermoelectric effect (STE), has garnered much attention as a promising path towards low cost and versatile thermoelectric technology with easily scalable manufacturing. However, progress in development of STE devices is hindered by the lack of understanding of the fundamental physics and materials properties responsible for the effect. In such nascent scientific field, data-driven approaches relying on statistics and machine learning, instead of more traditional modeling methods, can exhibit their full potential. Here, we use machine learning modeling to establish the key physical parameters controlling STE. Guided by the models, we have carried out actual material synthesis which led to the identification of a novel STE material with a thermopower an order of magnitude larger than that of the current generation of STE devices.
笠原 成*; Shi, H. J.*; 橋本 顕一郎*; 利根川 翔*; 水上 雄太*; 芝内 孝禎*; 杉本 邦久*; 福田 竜生; 寺嶋 孝仁*; Nevidomskyy, A. H.*; et al.
Nature, 486(7403), p.382 - 385, 2012/06
被引用回数:399 パーセンタイル:99.23(Multidisciplinary Sciences)The electron nematicity, which break rotational symmetry of the crystal lattice, has been recently observed in high- superconductors. In iron-pnictides, it has been associated with the tetragonal-to-orthorhombic structural transition at
, and the observations has been limited in the orthorhombic phase or in the tetragonal phase under uniaxial strain. In this investigation we provide magnetic torque measurements, a thermodynamic evidence which clearly shows the development of nematicity well above
and the persistence in the nonmagnetic superconducting regime. Combined with synchrotron X-ray measurements, our results identify two distinct temperatures-one at
, signifying a true nematic transition, and the other at
(
), which we show to be not a true phase transition, but rather what we refer to as a "meta-nematic transition", in analogy to the well-known metamagnetic transition in the theory of magnetism.
松村 太伊知; 坂本 雅洋; 寺島 顕一; Riyana, E. S.; 奥村 啓介
no journal, ,
これまでの原子炉格納容器(PCV)内部調査から、福島第一原子力発電所(1F)の1-3号機には、燃料と被覆管等が溶融した後に固化した燃料デブリが存在すると考えられている。2023年には、2号機(1F2)から数g程度の燃料デブリ試料の試験的取り出しが予定されている。燃料デブリの検知において中性子が検出されれば燃料デブリであると推定できるため、燃料デブリから放出される中性子の特性評価を行うことは重要である。そこで、UO燃料のみで構成されていた1F2と本格取出し時期での対象とされMOX燃料を部分的に含んでいた3号機(1F3)からの取出し燃料デブリに対する検出器開発や中性子応答の物理的解釈に資するため、1F2(広範囲燃焼度UO
)、1F3(低燃焼度MOX)、TMI-2(低燃焼度UO
)の3種類の代表的な燃料デブリモデルに対し、それぞれの燃焼履歴に基づく核種インベントリデータとSOURCES 4Cコードを用いて、燃料デブリから放出される自発核分裂(遅発中性子を含む)と(
, n)反応によって放出される中性子の特性評価を行った。
Riyana, E. S.; 坂本 雅洋; 松村 太伊知; 寺島 顕一; 奥村 啓介; 神野 郁夫
no journal, ,
Our previous study showed a linear relationship between the activity ratio of Kr to
Xe and the effective multiplication factor,
, in a primary containment vessel (PCV) and in a fuel debris canister. The accuracy of the activity ratio, which closely related to the accuracy of predicted
, is estimated based on an existing gamma ray energy spectrum. Practical measurement method for the gamma ray from nuclides in the PCV and the fuel debris canister gas is proposed.
松村 太伊知; 奥村 啓介; 坂本 雅洋; 寺島 顕一; Riyana E. S.; 近藤 千博*
no journal, ,
Retrieving objects with a small amount, such as a few grams, will begin soon at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station as the start of decommissioning process. The retrieved objects will be sorted as fuel debris and others for reducing the amount of long-time storage. Since the fuel debris emits neutrons, the knowledge of emitted neutron features is necessary for the design of neutron detectors. For this purpose, we estimated the number and energy spectra of (,
) and the spontaneous fission neutrons emitted from 1 g of fuel debris by calculation using the SOURCES 4C code. The calculations were performed for five types of fuel debris, according to the elapsed time from the accident, burnup, and fuel type. The results showed that the average neutron energy is
2 MeV regardless of the fuel debris type, however, the intensity changed four orders of magnitude according to the fuel debris type.
松村 太伊知; 奥村 啓介; 神野 郁夫; Riyana E. S.; 寺島 顕一; 坂本 雅洋; 佐藤 若英*
no journal, ,
福島第一原子力発電所の廃炉において、回収物中の核燃料物質の有無また含有量を把握することは重要である。核燃料物質として中性子によって誘導核分裂を起こすU(MAを含む)を想定し、14MeV高速中性子の照射で発生する遅発中性子を用いてU量の評価が可能な手法を提案する。
寺島 顕一; 松村 太伊知; 坂本 雅洋; 冠城 雅晃; 芝 知宙; 杉崎 沙希*; 奥村 啓介
no journal, ,
福島第一原子力発電所の原子炉格納容器から取り出される回収物に対して、燃料デブリと放射性廃棄物の仕分けに資する非破壊計測技術の開発を進めている。同技術としては、複数の候補手法が検討されている中、本発表では、パッシブ線法の要素試験について報告する。燃料デブリは、燃料溶融前の燃焼度が広範囲であることと、取り出し期間が長期におよぶことが予想されることから、採取される燃料デブリの条件により、計測に係る放射能特性が大きく変動することが考えられる。そこで、溶融前燃料の燃焼度、冷却期間、材料組成などが大きく異なる、TMI-2燃料デブリと軽水炉使用済み燃料切断片の2つの試料を対象として、燃焼計算ならびに放射線輸送計算による事前解析を実施するとともに、両試料に対するパッシブ
線の実測試験を行った。本発表では事前解析手法とJAEA燃料試験施設におけるホットセル試験の概要について説明する。
神野 郁夫; 冠城 雅晃; 松村 太伊知; Riyana E. S.; 寺島 顕一; 坂本 雅洋; 奥村 啓介
no journal, ,
福島第一原子力発電所事故後炉心の高ガンマ線バックグラウンドの中で燃料デブリを探知するためには中性子を検知する必要がある。しかしガンマ線フラックスが高く、電荷敏感測定は困難である。耐放射線性母材の検出器2式の信号の差分を電流敏感測定した中性子検出法を提案する。
坂本 雅洋; 寺島 顕一; 松村 太伊知; 藤田 学*; 奥村 啓介
no journal, ,
福島第一原子力発電所事故で発生した燃料デブリがどの程度の崩壊熱を出しているか把握しておくことは、今後のデブリ取出しに向けて冷却方法の検討やデブリ輸送・保管容器の除熱評価において重要である。しかし、燃料デブリは燃焼履歴が明確な使用済み燃料のように核種組成が明らかでないため、崩壊熱の評価は容易ではない。そこで本研究ではデブリの重量, 燃焼度, 核種の放出率, 評価時期などのパラメータを考慮した多種多様なデブリの崩壊熱を容易に計算する手法を開発した。
寺島 顕一; 坂本 雅洋; 松村 太伊知; 奥村 啓介; 藤田 学*
no journal, ,
Csは地層処分の安全性評価において、放射能インベントリ評価が重視される難分析超寿命FP核種の1つであり、福島第一原子力発電所の事故に起因する放射性廃棄物や燃料デブリ等にも含まれている。従来の使用済み燃料や放射性廃棄物と大きく異なる点は、燃焼履歴が異なる広範囲な燃焼度の原子炉燃料が事故時に高温溶融してCsの多くが揮発したことである。また、従来のスケーリングファクタ法のように、分析結果を蓄積して統計的に相関式を得る方法は、燃料デブリや高線量Cs汚染物の場合には時間と費用を要し得策ではない。この問題を解決するため、測定が比較的容易な
Cs量から、揮発や混合を考慮した理論に基づき
Cs量を精度よく評価するための理論的スケーリングファクタ法を提案する。