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小山 元道*; 山下 享介*; 諸岡 聡; 澤口 孝宏*; Yang, Z.*; 北條 智彦*; 川崎 卓郎; Harjo, S.
鉄と鋼, 110(3), p.197 - 204, 2024/02
The local plasticity and associated microstructure evolution in Fe-5Mn-0.1C medium-Mn steel (wt.%) were investigated in this study. Specifically, the micro-deformation mechanism during L
ders banding was characterized based on multi-scale electron backscatter diffraction measurements and electron channeling contrast imaging. Similar to other medium-Mn steels, the Fe-5Mn-0.1C steel showed discontinuous macroscopic deformation, preferential plastic deformation in austenite, and deformation-induced martensitic transformation during Lders deformation. Hexagonal close-packed martensite was also observed as an intermediate phase. Furthermore, an in-situ neutron diffraction experiment revealed that the pre-existing body- centered cubic phase, which was mainly ferrite, was a minor deformation path, although ferrite was the major constituent phase.
小山 元道*; 山下 享介*; 諸岡 聡; Yang, Z.*; Varanasi, R. S.*; 北條 智彦*; 川崎 卓郎; Harjo, S.
鉄と鋼, 110(3), p.205 - 216, 2024/02
deformation experiments with cold-rolled and intercritically annealed Fe-5Mn-0.1C steel were carried out at ambient temperature to characterize the deformation heterogeneity during Lders band propagation. Deformation band formation, which is a precursor phenomenon of Lders band propagation, occurred even in the macroscopically elastic deformation stage. The deformation bands in the Lders front grew from both the side edges to the center of the specimen. After macroscopic yielding, the thin deformation bands grew via band branching, thickening, multiple band initiation, and their coalescence, the behavior of which was heterogeneous. Thick deformation bands formed irregularly in front of the region where the thin deformation bands were densified. The thin deformation bands were not further densified when the spacing of the bands was below 
10 
m. Instead, the regions between the deformation bands showed a homogeneous plasticity evolution. The growth of the thin deformation bands was discontinuous, which may be due to the presence of ferrite groups in the propagation path of the deformation bands. Based on these observations, a model for discontinuous Lders band propagation has been proposed.
neutron diffraction during cryogenic cooling山下 享介*; Harjo, S.; 川崎 卓郎; 諸岡 聡; Gong, W.; 藤井 英俊*; 友田 陽*
ISIJ International, 64(2), p.192 - 201, 2024/01
neutron diffraction measurements were performed on Fe-33Ni-0.004C alloy (33Ni alloy) and Fe-27Ni-0.5C alloy (27Ni-0.5C alloy) during cooling from room temperature to the cryogenic temperature (4 K) to evaluate changes in the lattice constants of austenite and martensite, and changes in the tetragonality of martensite due to thermally induced martensitic transformation. As the martensitic transformation progressed, the lattice constants of austenite in both alloys deviated to smaller values than those predicted considering the thermal shrinkage, accompanied by an increase in the full width at half maximum of austenite. The fresh martensite formed in both alloys had a body-centered tetragonal (BCT) structure, regardless of the carbon content. The tetragonality of martensite decreased with progressive martensitic transformation during cooling in the 33Ni alloy, but was almost constant in the 27Ni-0.5C alloy. This suggests that carbon is necessary to maintain the tetragonality of martensite during cooling. The tetragonality of martensite in the 27Ni-0.5C alloy decreased during room temperature aging because of carbon mobility.
西田 真之*; Harjo, S.; 川崎 卓郎; 山下 享介*; Gong, W.
Quantum Beam Science (Internet), 7(1), p.8_1 - 8_15, 2023/03
In this study, the thermal stress alterations generated in a tungsten fiber reinforced titanium composite (W/Ti composite) were evaluated by the neutron stress measurement method at cryogenic temperatures. The W/Ti composite thermal loads were repeated from room temperature to the cryogenic temperature (10 K), and alterations in thermal residual stress were evaluated using the neutron in situ stress measurement method. In this measurement, the stress alterations in the titanium matrix and the tungsten fibers were measured. This measurement was carried out by TAKUMI (MLF-BL19) of J-PARC, a neutron research facility in the Japan Atomic Agency. The measurement method of TAKUMI is the time-of-flight (TOF) method. Owing to this measurement method, the measurement time was significantly shortened compared to the angle-dispersion type measurement by a diffractometer. As a result of the measurement, large compressive stresses of about 1 GPa were generated in the tungsten fibers, and tensile stresses of about 100 MPa existed in the titanium matrix. The thermal stresses due to the temperature change between room temperature and cryogenic temperature is caused by the difference of thermal expansions between the tungsten fibers and the titanium matrix, and these stress values can be approximated by a simple elastic theory equation.
ders deformation in an Fe-5Mn-0.1C medium-Mn steel小山 元道*; 山下 享介*; 諸岡 聡; 澤口 孝宏*; Yang, Z.*; 北條 智彦*; 川崎 卓郎; Harjo, S.
ISIJ International, 62(10), p.2036 - 2042, 2022/10
被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：64.46(Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering)The local plasticity and associated microstructure evolution in Fe-5Mn-0.1C medium-Mn steel (wt.%) were investigated in this study. Specifically, the micro-deformation mechanism during Lders banding was characterized based on multi-scale electron backscatter diffraction measurements and electron channeling contrast imaging. Similar to other medium-Mn steels, the Fe-5Mn-0.1C steel showed discontinuous macroscopic deformation, preferential plastic deformation in austenite, and deformation-induced martensitic transformation during Lders deformation. Hexagonal close-packed martensite was also observed as an intermediate phase. Furthermore, an in-situ neutron diffraction experiment revealed that the pre-existing body-centered cubic phase, which was mainly ferrite, was a minor deformation path, although ferrite was the major constituent phase.
ders band propagation in an Fe-5Mn-0.1C medium Mn steel clarified through 
scanning electron microscopy小山 元道*; 山下 享介*; 諸岡 聡; Yang, Z.*; Varanasi, R. S.*; 北條 智彦*; 川崎 卓郎; Harjo, S.
ISIJ International, 62(10), p.2043 - 2053, 2022/10
被引用回数：2 パーセンタイル：32.54(Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering) deformation experiments with cold-rolled and intercritically annealed Fe-5Mn-0.1C steel were carried out at ambient temperature to characterize the deformation heterogeneity during Lders band propagation. Deformation band formation, which is a precursor phenomenon of Lders band propagation, occurred even in the macroscopically elastic deformation stage. The deformation bands in the Lders front grew from both the side edges to the center of the specimen. After macroscopic yielding, the thin deformation bands grew via band branching, thickening, multiple band initiation, and their coalescence, the behavior of which was heterogeneous. Thick deformation bands formed irregularly in front of the region where the thin deformation bands were densified. The thin deformation bands were not further densified when the spacing of the bands was below 10 m. Instead, the regions between the deformation bands showed a homogeneous plasticity evolution. The growth of the thin deformation bands was discontinuous, which may be due to the presence of ferrite groups in the propagation path of the deformation bands. Based on these observations, a model for discontinuous Lders band propagation has been proposed.
Harjo, S.; Gong, W.; 川崎 卓郎; 諸岡 聡; 山下 享介*
ISIJ International, 62(10), p.1990 - 1999, 2022/10
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering)Two mechanisms inconsistent each other, a relaxation of type II internal stress and a presence of mobile dislocation, were previously proposed to describe the low elastic limit of as-quenched lath martensite steels. In this study, neutron diffraction experiments were performed to revisit the deformation behavior of lath martensite steel. The highly dense random arrangement dislocations easily moved at the beginning of deformation, then accumulated, annihilated and changed the arrangement differently depending on the orientation of the packet with respect to the deformation direction. The movement of highly dense random arrangement dislocations played an important role as a mechanism at the beginning of deformation, and can be a true feature of mobile dislocations.
小野 綾子; 坂下 弘人*; 山下 晋; 鈴木 貴行*; 吉田 啓之
Proceedings of 12th Japan-Korea Symposium on Nuclear Thermal Hydraulics and Safety (NTHAS12) (Internet), 7 Pages, 2022/10
本研究では、新しい機構論に基づいた限界熱流束予測手法を提案する。適切な安全評価を行うため、また、設計コストを削減するために、メカニズムに基づくCHFの予測方法の確立が、長い間望まれてきた。核沸騰の高熱流束域からCHFまでの加熱面付近の気液挙動に関するいくつかの実験結果から、われわれは、加圧水型軽水炉でのCHFを予測するにはマクロ液膜ドライアウトモデルが適用できると考えている。マクロ液膜ドライアウトモデルを用いてCHFを予測するには、燃料表面のマクロ液膜の厚さとその上面を覆う蒸気泡の通過期間を予測することが必要となる。本研究では、著者らが提案したマクロ液膜の厚さの予測手法と蒸気泡の通過期間の予測手法を組み合わせることで、強制対流沸騰におけるCHFを評価する。評価した結果と強制対流沸騰におけるCHFの実験データを比較することで、その妥当性を検証する。
小野 綾子; 山下 晋; 坂下 弘人*; 鈴木 貴行*; 吉田 啓之
Proceedings of 13th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal-Hydraulics, Operation and Safety (NUTHOS-13) (Internet), 12 Pages, 2022/09
原子力機構ではVOF法に基づいた詳細熱流動解析手法を開発している。詳細解析において壁面からの沸騰を再現するには、ミクロスケールの気液挙動を考慮するがあり、膨大計算コストを必要とする。そこで、本研究では、計算コストを削減した簡易的な沸騰モデルを開発し、開発したモデルを用いてJUPITERで沸騰の再現解析を行い、実験から取得した気液挙動のデータと比較した結果を示す。
小野 綾子; 山下 晋; 坂下 弘人*; 鈴木 貴行*; 吉田 啓之
第26回動力・エネルギー技術シンポジウム講演論文集(インターネット), 4 Pages, 2022/07
原子力機構では、原子炉心部の二相流挙動に対して界面追跡法に基づく機構論的熱流動解析手法であるJUPITERやTPFITを適用する試みを行っている。より詳細な炉内熱流動を把握する計算手法を得ることで、安全評価の適正化や新型燃料の最適設計に資するため、開発が望まれている。しかしながら、界面追跡を用いた解析手法において、伝熱面から沸騰させるためには極めて微小な解析格子を設定する必要があり、原子炉燃料集合体などの大規模な計算体系への適用は不可能であることが大きな課題であった。そこで本研究では、大規模計算体系に対して計算コストを削減した、新しい簡易的な沸騰モデルを開発して、強制流動沸騰について熱流束および流速を変えた再現解析を実施した結果について報告する。
小野 綾子; 山下 晋; 鈴木 貴行*; 吉田 啓之
Proceedings of 19th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics (NURETH-19) (Internet), 16 Pages, 2022/03
原子力機構では、軽水炉燃料の安全性評価において必須である限界熱流束の評価において、新型燃料設計にかかわる大型モックアップ試験によるコストの削減や、想定外事象に対応するためにモックアップ試験の試験範囲よりも幅広い範囲において、限界熱流束を機構論に基づき評価する研究に着手している。本研究では、機構論的流動解析手法であるJUPITERを用いて、スワールベーンおよびスプリットベーン付きの燃料集合体内の国際ベンチマーク問題を対象とした単相流解析および同体系における二相流解析を実施し、各種ベーンによる流動場および気泡挙動に与える効果、解析における課題の抽出を行った結果を報告する。
Lee, M.-S.*; 川崎 卓郎; 山下 享介*; Harjo, S.; Hyun, Y.-T.*; Jeong, Y.*; Jun, T.-S.*
Scientific Reports (Internet), 12(1), p.3719_1 - 3719_10, 2022/03
被引用回数：6 パーセンタイル：66.14(Multidisciplinary Sciences)Titanium has a significant potential for the cryogenic industrial fields such as aerospace and liquefied gas storage and transportation due to its excellent low temperature properties. To develop and advance the technologies in cryogenic industries, it is required to fully understand the underlying deformation mechanisms of Ti under the extreme cryogenic environment. Here, we report a study of the lattice behaviour in grain families of Grade 2 CP-Ti during in-situ neutron diffraction test in tension at temperatures of 15-298 K. Combined with the neutron diffraction intensity analysis, EBSD measurements revealed that the twinning activity was more active at lower temperature, and the behaviour was complicated with decreasing temperature.
山下 享介*; 古賀 紀光*; 川崎 卓郎; 諸岡 聡; 友野 翔平*; 梅澤 修*; Harjo, S.
Materials Science & Engineering A, 819, p.141509_1 - 141509_10, 2021/07
被引用回数：21 パーセンタイル：83.73(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)In-situ neutron diffraction measurements were performed on a cold-rolled copper-iron (Cu-Fe) alloy during tensile tests at 293 K and 150 K. The roles of Cu and Fe on the deformation behavior of alloys were discussed and clarified. The strength and work-hardening rate of the alloy increased with decreasing test temperature. Furthermore, the phase stress of Fe increased considerably with decreasing test temperature; however, the response of this stress to the applied true stress exhibited no dependence on the temperature. The phase stresses of Cu changed only slightly with decreasing test temperature. However, the Cu phase stress response to the applied true stress increased with decreasing test temperature, indicating an increase in the work-hardening rate. The strengthening of Fe and the increase in the work-hardening of Cu contributed to an increase in the strength and work-hardening rate of the Cu-Fe alloy at low temperatures.
山下 享介; 友野 翔平*; 諸岡 聡; Harjo, S.; 川崎 卓郎; 行木 辰弥*; 古賀 紀光*; 梅澤 修*
JPS Conference Proceedings (Internet), 33, p.011064_1 - 011064_6, 2021/03
The tensile deformation and stress partitioning behavior of duplex phase alloys consisting of FCC and BCC at low temperatures were investigated using in-situ neutron diffraction during deformation. Cu-40mass%Fe alloy rolled sheet and JIS SUS329J4L duplex stainless steel were used. Both alloys showed a good balance of strength and elongation at low temperatures. In Cu-40mass%Fe alloy, the BCC phase stress at yield point increased by decreasing test temperature. The FCC phase stress at yield point was almost constant regardless of test temperature. The FCC phase started plastic deformation at a low applied true stress. When the BCC phase yielded, phase stress of FCC increased drastically at beginning, then, it increased to applied true stress with the same rate of BCC phase stress at latter regime. On the other hand, both BCC and FCC phase stresses in SUS329J4L increased by decreasing temperature.
山下 享介; Harjo, S.; 梅澤 修*; 川崎 卓郎
JPS Conference Proceedings (Internet), 33, p.011063_1 - 011063_6, 2021/03
Japanese nails have been applied to various wooden building skeletons in Japanese temples and shrines over a period of one thousand years. Since most of Japanese nails in the ancient day are designated as an important cultural property, their destructive examinations can be hardly done. In order to discuss the material and its manufacturing process of the Japanese nails, we have done some experiments on both ancient and present Japanese nails. In this study, phase, texture and residual stress of the Japanese nails were investigated using neutron diffraction. Two types of Japanese nails were provided; one was an ancient nail obtained from Houryuji-temple; the other was a present nail forged by blacksmith. BCC iron peaks are identified in both. Although the cementite and ferrous oxide peaks are detected in the present nail, no cementite is detected in the ancient nail. The residual stresses of each nail were very low. The ferrite grains of each nail were randomly oriented.
古賀 紀光*; 梅澤 修*; 山本 正之*; 山本 卓*; 山下 享介; 諸岡 聡; 川崎 卓郎; Harjo, S.
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 52(3), p.897 - 901, 2021/03
被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：25.78(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Small ball rebound hardness tests demonstrated characteristic hardening at 700 K in the ultra-low carbon and pearlitic steels. The equilibrium phase diagram of Fe-C binary alloy calculated using Thermo-Calc exhibited dissolving of cementite above 700 K. Moreover, in-situ heating neutron diffraction measurement demonstrated the increase of lattice parameter by dissolving of cementite above 700 K. Therefore, it can be concluded that the characteristic hardening above 700 K can be attributed to the solid solute carbon.
小野寺 直幸; 井戸村 泰宏; 長谷川 雄太; 山下 晋; 下川辺 隆史*; 青木 尊之*
Proceedings of International Conference on High Performance Computing in Asia-Pacific Region (HPC Asia 2021) (Internet), p.120 - 128, 2021/01
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.01(Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture)本研究では、二相流体解析コードJUPITERに対して、マルチグリッド前処理付き共役勾配(MG-CG)法を開発した。MG法は、3段のVサイクルMG法に基づいて構築し、各段に対して、RB-SOR法およびGPUのキャッシュを再利用したCR-SORを開発・適用した。性能測定として、バンドル体系に対する気液二相流体解析を行った。RB-SOR法およびCR-SOR法を適用したMG-CG法では、MG法を適用しないPCG法と比較して、収束までの反復回数を15%と9%以下に削減するとともに、3.1倍, 5.9倍の計算速度が達成された。以上の結果から、本研究で開発したMG-CG法は、GPUを用いたスーパーコンピュータ上にて、効率的に大規模な二相流体解析が可能であることが示された。
小野寺 直幸; 井戸村 泰宏; Ali, Y.*; 山下 晋; 下川辺 隆史*; 青木 尊之*
Proceedings of Joint International Conference on Supercomputing in Nuclear Applications + Monte Carlo 2020 (SNA + MC 2020), p.210 - 215, 2020/10
本研究では、ブロック型局所細分化(AMR)法に基づくPoisson解法のGPU高速化を実施した。ブロック型AMR法はGPUに適したデータ構造であり、複雑な構造物で構成された原子炉等の解析に必須な解析手法である。これに、最新の前処理手法であるマルチグリッド(MG)法を共役勾配(CG)法へと組み合わせることで、計算の高速化を実現した。MG-CG法を構成する計算カーネルをGPUスーパーコンピュータであるTSUBAME3.0上にて測定した結果、ベクトル-ベクトル和、行列-ベクトル積、およびドット積の帯域幅は、ピークパフォーマンスの約60%となり、良好なパフォーマンスを実現した。更に、MG法の前処理手法として、3段のVサイクル法および各段に対してRed-Black SOR法を適用した手法を用いて、
格子点の大規模問題の解析を実施した結果、元の前処理付きCG法と比較して、反復回数を30%未満に削減すると共に、2.5倍の計算の高速化を達成した。
4 simulated bundle小野 綾子; 山下 晋; 鈴木 貴行*; 吉田 啓之
Mechanical Engineering Journal (Internet), 7(3), p.19-00583_1 - 19-00583_12, 2020/06
原子力機構では、過渡事象における詳細な炉内出力分布の予測を行うことにより燃料設計最適化や安全性向上を図ることを目的とし、3次元詳細核熱カップリングコードの開発に着手している。その中で、熱流動評価を行うコードの候補の一つとしてVOF法に基づいた詳細熱流動解析コードJUPITERを炉内二相流挙動解析のために適用することを検討している。本研究では、軽水炉燃料集合体を模した44バンドル体系において、機構論的流動解析手法であるJUPITERを用いて二相流動の解析を実施し、既存に報告されているバンドル内気液二相流の可視化研究やボイド率計測結果をもとに、解析手法の妥当性の検討、および課題の抽出を行った。
山下 享介; 諸岡 聡; Harjo, S.; 川崎 卓郎; 古賀 紀光*; 梅澤 修*
Scripta Materialia, 177, p.6 - 10, 2020/03
被引用回数：31 パーセンタイル：90.48(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology) neutron diffraction measurements during tensile tests at low temperatures of a low alloy steel containing retained austenite have been performed. Evolutions of phase fractions and phase stresses were analyzed and discussed with the progress of deformation. The role of austenite in the steel during deformation at low temperatures was observed not to directly in the contribution to the strengths but in the improvement of the elongation by transformation of austenite to martensite -and in the increasing of the work-hardening rate by an increase in the phase fraction of martensite and the work hardening of martensite.
