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Makarov, S. S.*; Zhakhovsky, V. V.*; Grigoryev, S. Yu.*; Chuprov, P.*; Pikuz, T. A.*; Inogamov, N. A.*; Khokhlov, V. A.*; Petrov, Y. V.*; Perov, E. A.*; Shepelev, V. V.*; et al.
Nature Communications (Internet), 16, p.11504_1 - 11504_13, 2025/12
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：0.00(Multidisciplinary Sciences)We demonstrate that a single 9-keV pulse from X-ray free-electron-laser can form a nanoscale mm-long cavity in LiF. The laser-generated shock pressure results in channel formation with >1,000 length-to-diameter aspect ratio. The development of void is analyzed via continuum and atomistic simulations revealing a sequence of processes leading to the final long cavity structure. This work presents the study of mm-long nanochannel formation by a single high-brilliance X-ray free-electron laser pulse.
Jeong, S. G.*; Kwon, J.*; Kim, E. S.*; Prasad, K.*; Harjo, S.; Gong, W.; 川崎 卓郎; Estrin, Y.*; Bouaziz, O.*; Hong, S. I.*; et al.
Materials Science & Engineering A, 942, p.148712_1 - 148712_11, 2025/10
被引用回数：2 パーセンタイル：46.97(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)The cellular structure plays a key role in determining the mechanical properties of metal additive manufacturing (MAM) components. This study presents in situ neutron diffraction and dislocation density-based modeling for a CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) made via directed energy deposition (DED). A constitutive model based on the Kocks-Mecking-Estrin framework was used to represent the cellular structure. Parametric analysis showed lower dislocation accumulation and annihilation rates in the as-built sample (with cellular structure) than in the heat-treated one. These differences are linked to dislocation forest networks and local stacking fault energy variations. Dislocation density across cell interiors and walls was also compared with deformation-induced dislocation cells.
杉田 裕; 大野 宏和; Beese, S.*; Pan, P.*; Kim, M.*; Lee, C.*; Jove-Colon, C.*; Lopez, C. M.*; Liang, S.-Y.*
Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment, 42, p.100668_1 - 100668_21, 2025/06
被引用回数：6 パーセンタイル：87.84(Energy & Fuels)国際共同プロジェクトDECOVALEX-2023は、数値解析を使用してベントナイト系人工バリアの熱-水-応力(または熱-水)相互作用を研究するためのタスクDとして、幌延人工バリア性能確認試験を対象とした。このタスクは、モデル化のために、1つの実物大の原位置試験と、補完的な4つの室内試験が選択された。幌延人工バリア性能確認試験は、人工的な地下水注入と組み合わせた温度制御非等温の試験であり、加熱フェーズと冷却フェーズで構成されている。6つの研究チームが、さまざまなコンピューターコード、定式化、構成法則を使用して、熱-水-応力または熱-水(研究チームのアプローチによって異なる)数値解析を実行した。
Co
)Sn studied by 
SRCai, Y.*; Yoon, S.*; Sheng, Q.*; Zhao, G.*; Seewald, E. F.*; Ghosh, S.*; Ingham, J.*; Pasupathy, A. N.*; Queiroz, R.*; Lei, H.*; et al.
Physical Review B, 111(21), p.214412_1 - 214412_17, 2025/06
被引用回数：2 パーセンタイル：49.43(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)We study the magnetic properties of the metallic kagome system (FeCo)Sn by a combination of muon spin relaxation (SR), magnetic susceptibility, and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) measurements in single crystal specimens with Co concentrations 
= 0, 0.11, 0.8. In the undoped antiferromagnetic compound FeSn, we find possible signatures for a previously unidentified phase that sets in at 
~K, well beneath the Neel temperature 
~K as indicated by a peak in the relaxation rate 1/
observed in zero field (ZF) and longitudinal field (LF) SR measurements, with a corresponding anomaly in the ac and dc susceptibility, and an increase in the static width 1/
in ZF-SR measurements. No signatures of spatial symmetry breaking are found in STM down to 7~K. Related to the location and motion of muons in FeSn, we confirmed a previous report that about 40% of the implanted muons reside at a field-cancelling high symmetry site at 
~K, while an onset of thermal hopping changes the site occupancy at higher temperatures. In Fe
Co
Sn, where disorder eliminated the field-cancellation effect, all the implanted muons exhibit precession and/or relaxation in the ordered state. In Fe
Co
Sn, we find canonical spin glass behavior with freezing temperature 
~K; the ZF and LF-SR time spectra exhibit results similar to those observed in dilute alloy spin glasses CuMn and AuFe, with a critical behavior of 
at 
and 
as 
. The absence of spin dynamics at low temperatures makes a clear contrast to the spin dynamics observed by SR in many geometrically frustrated spin systems on insulating kagome, pyrochlore, and triangular lattices. The spin glass behavior of CoSn doped with dilute Fe moments is shown to originate primarily from the randomness of doped Fe moments rather than due to geometrical frustration of the underlying lattice.
Brumm, S.*; Gabrielli, F.*; Sanchez Espinoza, V.*; Stakhanova, A.*; Groudev, P.*; Petrova, P.*; Vryashkova, P.*; Ou, P.*; Zhang, W.*; Malkhasyan, A.*; et al.
Annals of Nuclear Energy, 211, p.110962_1 - 110962_16, 2025/02
被引用回数：16 パーセンタイル：96.47(Nuclear Science & Technology)The completed Horizon-2020 project on "Management and Uncertainties of Severe Accidents (MUSA)" has reviewed uncertainty sources and Uncertainty Quantification methodology for the purpose of assessing Severe Accidents (SA). The key motivation of the project has been to bring the advantages of the Best Estimate Plus Uncertainty approach to the field of Severe Accident. The applications brought together a large group of participants that set out to apply uncertainty analysis (UA) within their field of SA modelling expertise, in particular reactor types, but also SA code used (ASTEC, MELCOR, etc.), uncertainty quantification tools used (DAKOTA, RAVEN, etc.), detailed accident scenarios, and in some cases SAM actions. This paper synthesizes the reactor-application work at the end of the project. Analyses of 23 partners are sorted into different categories, depending on whether their main goal is/are (i) uncertainty bands of simulation results; (ii) the understanding of dominating uncertainties in specific sub-models of the SA code; (iii) improving the understanding of specific accident scenarios, with or without the application of SAM actions; or, (iv) a demonstration of the tools used and developed, and of the capability to carry out an uncertainty analysis in the presence of the challenges faced. The partners' experiences made during the project have been evaluated and are presented as good practice recommendations. The paper ends with conclusions on the level of readiness of UA in SA modelling, on the determination of governing uncertainties, and on the analysis of SAM actions.
Naeem, M.*; Ma, Y.*; Tian, J.*; Kong, H.*; Romero-Resendiz, L.*; Fan, Z.*; Jiang, F.*; Gong, W.; Harjo, S.; Wu, Z.*; et al.
Materials Science & Engineering A, 924, p.147819_1 - 147819_10, 2025/02
被引用回数：7 パーセンタイル：86.13(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)Face-centered cubic (fcc) medium-/high-entropy alloys (M/HEAs) typically enhance strength and ductility at cryogenic temperatures via stacking faults, twinning, or martensitic transformation. However, in-situ neutron diffraction on VCoNi MEA at 15 K reveals that strain hardening is driven solely by rapid dislocation accumulation, without these mechanisms. This results in increased yield strength, strain hardening, and fracture strain. The behavior, explained by the Orowan equation, challenges conventional views on cryogenic strengthening in fcc M/HEAs and highlights the role of dislocation-mediated plasticity at low temperatures.
Yoshida, M.*; McDermott, R. M.*; Angioni, C.*; Camenen, Y.*; Citrin, J.*; Jakubowski, M.*; Hughes, J. W.*; 井戸村 泰宏; Mantica, P.*; Mariani, A.*; et al.
Nuclear Fusion, 65(3), p.033001_1 - 033001_132, 2025/02
被引用回数：26 パーセンタイル：92.08(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)ITER Physics Basis出版以降のITPA輸送・閉じ込め(TC)グループにおけるプラズマ輸送と閉じ込めの物理理解と理論モデル開発の進展を、ITERと燃焼プラズマの予測・制御への貢献に焦点を当ててまとめた。本論文は、過去15年間のITPA TC共同実験/共同活動によって主に導かれた進歩について、一般的かつ合理的な概観を提供するものである。本論文は、ITPA TCグループの科学的な戦略とスコープ、主要な進歩の全体像から始まり、粒子輸送、不純物輸送、イオン・電子乱流熱輸送、運動量輸送、3次元磁場が輸送に与える影響、閉じ込めモード遷移、大域的閉じ込め、簡約化輸送モデルといった各研究分野の進歩を示す。
neutron diffractionNaeem, M.*; Ma, Y.*; Knowles, A. J.*; Gong, W.; Harjo, S.; Wang, X.-L.*; Romero Resendiz, L.*; 他6名*
Materials Science & Engineering A, 916, p.147374_1 - 147374_8, 2024/11
被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：46.67(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)Heterostructured materials (HSMs) improve the strength-ductility trade-off of alloys, but their cryogenic performance under real-time deformation is unclear. We studied heterostructured CrCoNi medium-entropy alloy via neutron diffraction at 77 K and 293 K. A significant mechanical mismatch between fine and coarse grains led to an exceptional yield strength of 918 MPa at 293 K, increasing to 1244 MPa at 77 K with a uniform elongation of 34%. This strength-ductility synergy at 77 K is attributed to high dislocation pile-up density, increased planar faults, and martensitic transformation. Compared to homogeneous alloys, HSMs show promise for enhancing cryogenic mechanical performance in medium-/high-entropy alloys.
-delayed neutron emitters 
KXu, Z. Y.*; Grzywacz, R.*; Andreyev, A. N.; 他49名*
Physical Review Letters, 133(4), p.042501_1 - 042501_7, 2024/07
被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：62.62(Physics, Multidisciplinary)We investigated decays of 
K at the ISOLDE Decay Station at CERN in order to understand the mechanism of the -delayed neutron-emission (n) process. The experiment quantified neutron and 
-ray emission paths for each precursor. We used this information to test the hypothesis, first formulated by Bohr in 1939, that neutrons in the n process originate from the structureless "compound nucleus". The data are consistent with this postulate for most of the observed decay paths. The agreement, however, is surprising because the compound-nucleus stage should not be achieved in the studied decay due to insufficient excitation energy and level densities in the neutron emitter. In the 
K n decay, we found a preferential population of the first excited state in 
Ca that contradicted Bohr's hypothesis. The latter was interpreted as evidence for direct neutron emission sensitive to the structure of the neutron-unbound state. We propose that the observed nonstatistical neutron emission proceeds through the coupling with nearby doorway states that have large neutron-emission probabilities. The appearance of "compound-nucleus" decay is caused by the aggregated small contributions of multiple doorway states at higher excitation energy.
Baccou, J.*; Glantz, T.*; Ghione, A.*; Sargentini, L.*; Fillion, P.*; Damblin, G.*; Sueur, R.*; Iooss, B.*; Fang, J.*; Liu, J.*; et al.
Nuclear Engineering and Design, 421, p.113035_1 - 113035_16, 2024/05
被引用回数：11 パーセンタイル：91.60(Nuclear Science & Technology)In the Best-Estimate Plus Uncertainty (BEPU) framework, the use of best-estimate code requires to go through a Verification, Validation and Uncertainty Quantification process (VVUQ). The relevance of the experimental data in relation to the physical phenomena of interest in the VVUQ process is crucial. Adequacy analysis of selected experimental databases addresses this problem. The outcomes of the analysis can be used to select a subset of relevant experimental data, to encourage designing new experiments or to drop some experiments from a database because of their substantial lack of adequacy. The development of a specific transparent and reproducible approach to analyze the relevance of experimental data for VVUQ still remains open and is the topic of this contribution. In this paper, the concept of adequacy initially introduced in the OECD/NEA SAPIUM (Systematic APproach for model Input Uncertainty quantification Methodology) activity is formalized. It is defined through two key properties, called representativeness and completeness, that allows considering the multifactorial dimension of the adequacy problem. A new systematic approach is then proposed to analyze the adequacy of a set of experimental databases. It relies on the introduction of two sets of criteria to characterize representativeness and completeness and on the use of multi-criteria decision analysis method to perform the analysis. Finally, the approach is applied in the framework of the new OECD/NEA ATRIUM activity which includes a set of practical IUQ exercises in thermal-hydraulics to test the SAPIUM guideline in determining input uncertainties and forward propagating them on an application case. It allows evaluating the adequacy of eight experimental databases coming from the Super Moby-dick, Sozzi-Sutherland and Marviken experiments and identifying the most adequate ones.
Cl via 
and 
decayTripathi, V.*; Bhattacharya, S.*; Rubino, E.*; Benetti, C.*; Perello, J. F.*; Tabor, S. L.*; Liddick, S. N.*; Bender, P. C.*; Carpenter, M. P.*; Carroll, J. J.*; et al.
Physical Review C, 109(4), p.044320_1 - 044320_15, 2024/04
被引用回数：4 パーセンタイル：64.34(Physics, Nuclear)ミシガン州立大学の国立超伝導サイクロトロン研究所において
Caのフラグメンテーション反応によって中性子過剰核
Sを生成し、そこからのベータ崩壊および遅発中性子放出ベータ崩壊によってClの励起状態を得た。得られた実験データをSDPFSDG-MU相互作用を用いた大規模殻模型計算と比較し、よい一致を得た。
Linh, B. D.*; Corsi, A.*; Gillibert, A.*; Obertelli, A.*; Doornenbal, P.*; Barbieri, C.*; Duguet, T.*; G
mez-Ramos, M.*; Holt, J. D.*; Hu, B. S.*; et al.
Physical Review C, 109(3), p.034312_1 - 034312_15, 2024/03
被引用回数：6 パーセンタイル：78.06(Physics, Nuclear)理化学研究所RIビームファクトリーにて中性子過剰核
Arビームからの1中性子ノックアウト反応実験を行い、
Arのエネルギー準位および分光学的因子を導出した。特に、第一励起状態の
への分光学的因子が大きいことから、始状態のArの基底状態において中性子が
軌道を多く占めていることがわかった。これは、中性子数32がよい魔法数として知られるCaとは異なった性質であり、カルシウムからアルゴンへと陽子が2個減ることで閉殻構造が大きく崩れることが明らかになった。
Hwang, Y.*; Puebla, J.*; 近藤 浩太*; Gonzalez-Ballestero, C.*; 一色 弘成*; S
nchez Mu
oz, C.*; Liao, L.*; Chen, F.*; Luo, W.*; 前川 禎通*; et al.
Physical Review Letters, 132(5), p.056704_1 - 056704_7, 2024/01
被引用回数：44 パーセンタイル：98.18(Physics, Multidisciplinary)Here, we report the observation of strong coupling between magnons and surface acoustic wave (SAW) phonons in a thin CoFeB film constructed in an on-chip SAW resonator by analyzing SAW phonon dispersion anticrossings. We employ a nanostructured SAW resonator design that, in contrast to conventional SAW resonators, allows us to enhance shear-horizontal strain. Crucially, this type of strain couples strongly to magnons. Our device design provides the tunability of the film thickness with a fixed phonon wavelength, which is a departure from the conventional approach in strong magnon-phonon coupling research. We detect a monotonic increase in the coupling strength by expanding the film thickness, which agrees with our theoretical model. Our work offers a significant way to advance fundamental research and the development of devices based on magnon-phonon hybrid quasiparticles.
SbLechner, S.*; 宮城 宇志*; Xu, Z. Y.*; Bissell, M. L.*; Blaum, K.*; Cheal, B.*; Devlin, C. S.*; Garcia Ruiz, R. F.*; Ginges, J. S. M.*; Heylen, H.*; et al.
Physics Letters B, 847, p.138278_1 - 138278_9, 2023/12
被引用回数：14 パーセンタイル：86.50(Astronomy & Astrophysics)不安定核を含むアンチモン同位体Sbの磁気モーメントと電気的四重極モーメントをレーザー分光を用いて測定した。現象論的な相互作用と有効演算子を用いた殻模型計算によって測定値をよく再現することができた。第一原理に基づいたVS-IMSRG法による殻模型計算では、磁気モーメントは現象論的な有効演算子を用いればよく実験値を再現するものの、電気的四重極モーメントについては有効電荷を用いても現象論的な相互作用を用いた計算ほどには実験値を再現することができなかった。
Esser, S. P.*; Rahlff, J.*; Zhao, W.*; Predl, M.*; Plewka, J.*; Sures, K.*; Wimmer, F.*; Lee, J.*; Adam, P. S.*; McGonigle, J.*; et al.
Nature Microbiology (Internet), 8(9), p.1619 - 1633, 2023/09
被引用回数：15 パーセンタイル：80.32(Microbiology)CRISPR-Cas systems defend prokaryotic cells from viruses, plasmids, and other mobile genetic elements. Capitalizing on multi-omics approaches, we show here that the CRISPR-Cas systems of uncultivated archaea also play an integral role in mitigating potentially detrimental interactions with episymbionts. A comprehensive analysis of CRISPR-Cas-based infection histories revealed that uncultivated deep-subsurface archaeal primary-producers defend themselves from archaeal episymbionts of the DPANN superphylum of archaea, some of which are known to fuse their membranes with their host. We show that host cells counter these attacks by deploying one of two CRISPR-Cas systems (type I-B and type III-A) to target and disrupt essential genes in the episymbiont. However, genome-scale modeling of metabolic interactions between two deep subsurface host-symbiont systems revealed that host cells also benefit from the symbionts via metabolic complementation. We speculate that populations of these uncultivated archaeal episymbionts are currently transitioning from a parasitic lifestyle to one of mutualism, as must have occurred in countless mutualistic systems known today. By expanding our analysis to thousands of archaeal genomes, we conclude that CRISPR-Cas mediated resistance to archaeal episymbiosis evolved independently in various archaeal lineages and may be a wide-spread evolutionary phenomenon.
Sala, G.*; Stone, M. B.*; Halsz, G. B.*; Lumsden, M. D.*; Fay, A, F,*; Pajerowski, D. M.*; 河村 聖子; 金子 耕士; Mazzone, D. G.*; Simutis, G.*; et al.
Communications Physics (Internet), 6, p.234_1 - 234_7, 2023/08
被引用回数：8 パーセンタイル：66.16(Physics, Multidisciplinary)We demonstrate and elucidate quantum effects on the honeycomb lattice through comprehensive inelastic neutron scattering measurements of the prototype honeycomb lattice quantum magnet YbCl
as a function of applied magnetic field. Examining the spectrum above the saturation field where linear spin-wave theory is essentially exact, we accurately determine the dominant nearest-neighbor Heisenberg interaction. Below the saturation field, we reveal a field-dependent energy renormalization of the entire magnetic spectrum; the sharp spin-wave modes as well as the multimagnon continuum. This renormalization is a quantum effect that can be accurately captured by the first 1=S correction in nonlinear spin-wave theory. Furthermore, we find that the application of a magnetic field induces a qualitatively new sharp feature inside the multimagnon continuum; the lower edge of a specific two-magnon component; which is complementary to the previously observed Van Hove singularity and demonstrates that structures within the multimagnon continuum can occur over a wide experimental parameter space and can be used as an additional means of identifying quantum phenomena.
decay near doubly magic 
SnHeideman, J.*; Grzywacz, R.*; Xu, Z. Y.*; Madurga, M.*; Escher, J. E.*; 河野 俊彦*; Algora, A.*; Andreyev, A. N.; 他41名*
Physical Review C, 108(2), p.024311_1 - 024311_9, 2023/08
被引用回数：6 パーセンタイル：64.52(Physics, Nuclear)-delayed neutron emission was observed in the study of the decay of 
In at ISOLDE CERN. Neutron emission probabilities from the unbound states in Sn to known low-lying, single-particle states in 
Sn were measured. The neutron energies were determined using the time-of-flight technique and the decay from excited states in Sn was studied by detecting its rays. Individual -delayed neutron emission probabilities were determined by correlating the relative intensities and energies of neutrons and rays. The new results suggest the violation of the assumption that neutrons are emitted statistically via the intermediate compound nucleus. This impacts the neutron-emission probabilities and other properties of nuclei participating in the 
-process. A model of neutron emission, which links the observed neutron emission probabilities to nuclear shell effects, is proposed.
Ca cast doubt on a doubly magic 
CaChen, S.*; Browne, F.*; Doornenbal, P.*; Lee, J.*; Obertelli, A.*; 角田 佑介*; 大塚 孝治*; 茶園 亮樹*; Hagen, G.*; Holt, J. D.*; et al.
Physics Letters B, 843, p.138025_1 - 138025_7, 2023/08
被引用回数：21 パーセンタイル：93.22(Astronomy & Astrophysics)
Scからの1陽子ノックアウト反応を用いて、
Caと
Caのガンマ崩壊を観測した。Caでは1456(12)keVの線遷移が、Caでは1115(34)keVの遷移が観測された。どちらの遷移も暫定的に
と割り当てられた。有効核子間相互作用をわずかに修正した広い模型空間での殻模型計算では、
準位エネルギー、2中性子分離エネルギー、反応断面積が実験とよく一致し、N=34閉殻の上に新しい殻が形成されていることを裏付けた。その構成要素である
と
軌道はほぼ縮退しており、これはCaが二重魔法核である可能性を排除し、Ca同位体のドリップラインを
Caあるいはそれ以上にまで広げる可能性がある。
Lind, T.*; Kalilainen, J.*; Marchetto, C.*; Beck, S.*; 中村 康一*; 木野 千晶*; 丸山 結; 城戸 健太朗; Kim, S. I.*; Lee, Y.*; et al.
Proceedings of 20th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics (NURETH-20) (Internet), p.4796 - 4809, 2023/08
The OECD/NEA ARC-F project was established to investigate the accidents at Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power station with the aim of consolidating the observations for deeper understanding of the severe accident progression and the status of reactors and containment vessels. Additionally, the project formed an information sharing framework in reactor safety between Japan and international experts. In order to achieve these objectives, the project focused on three tasks: i) to refine analysis for accident scenarios and associated fission-product transport and dispersion, ii) to compile and manage data on the Fukushima Daiichi NPS accident, and iii) to discuss future long-term projects relevant to the Fukushima Daiichi NPS accident. The work was carried out by 22 partners from 12 countries. In the fission product group, ten organizations worked on five topics which were ranked with a high significance as open issues based on the BSAF project and were thereby selected for further investigations. The five fission product related topics were: i) fission product speciation, ii) iodine chemistry, iii) pool scrubbing, iv) fission product transport and behavior in the buildings, and v) uncertainty analysis and variant calculations. In this paper, the work carried out to investigate these five fission product release and transport topics of special interest in the ARC-F project will be described and summarized.
-delayed neutron spectroscopy of InXu, Z. Y.*; Madurga, M.*; Grzywacz, R.*; King, T. T.*; Algora, A.*; Andreyev, A. N.; 他43名*
Physical Review C, 108(1), p.014314_1 - 014314_9, 2023/07
被引用回数：11 パーセンタイル：82.31(Physics, Nuclear)Nuclei in the vicinity of doubly magic nuclei away from the line of stability provide a tremendous testing ground to study the evolution of nuclear shell structure as a function of the unbalance between proton and neutron numbers. The decay In (Z=49, N=83), just one proton below and one neutron above doubly magic Sn, were studied at the ISOLDE Decay Station. Using the RILIS laser ion source, separate measurements of the 9/2
ground state and 1/2
isomer were carried out. With the use of -delayed neutron and -ray spectroscopy, the decay strengths above the neutron separation energy were quantified for the first time. The spins and parities to the neutron-unbound states based were assigned based on the -decay selection rules, the log ft values, and systematics. The experimental findings greatly extend the current knowledge of the In decay from previous works, providing the -strength distribution southeast of Sn.
