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論文

Radioactivity estimation of radioactive hotspots using a Compton camera and derivation of dose rates in the surrounding environment

佐藤 優樹

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 212, p.111421_1 - 111421_8, 2024/10

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111421
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)

At the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, radiation sources released in the accident were deposited on various equipment and building structures. During decommissioning, it is crucial to understand the distribution of radiation sources and ambient dose equivalent rates to reduce worker exposure and implement detailed work planning. In this study, the author introduces a method for visualizing radiation sources, estimates their radioactivity using a Compton camera, and derives the dose rate around the radiation sources. In the demonstration test, the Compton camera was used to visualize radioactive hotspots caused by $$^{137}$$Cs radiation sources deposited in the outdoor environment and estimated the radioactivity. Furthermore, the dose rate around the hotspots was calculated from the estimated radioactivity, which confirmed that the calculated dose rate correlated with the dose rate measured using a survey meter. This approach is novel, where a series of analyses were conducted using the Compton camera to visualize radioactive hotspots, estimate the radioactivity, and derive the dose rate in the surrounding environment.

論文

Improved data analysis techniques for calculating more accurate radon and thoron exhalation rates from building interior solid walls

迫田 晃弘; 石森 有; Jin, Q.*; 飯本 武志*

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 207, p.111180_1 - 111180_8, 2024/05

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111180
 被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：82.00(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)

建物内壁のラドン($$^{222}$$Rn)及びトロン($$^{220}$$Rn)散逸率のin-situ測定におけるデータ解析技術の向上を目的に、解析で用いる数理モデルと関連パラメータの影響を調べた。その結果、測定系内の放射能濃度の不均一性を考慮すべきなのは、ラドンよりもトロンの場合であることがわかった。また、解析結果の品質をより向上させるために、屋内ラドンの日内変動を解析で考慮すべきであることがわかった。散逸率測定の目的と要求精度の下で、適切なモデルを作成・選択する必要があることが示された。

論文

Radioactivity estimation of multiple radiation sources using a Compton camera to investigate radioactively contaminated objects

佐藤 優樹

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 203, p.111083_1 - 111083_9, 2024/01

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.111083
 被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：41.04(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)

At the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS), radioactive substances released during the accident were deposited on various equipment and building structures. During the decommissioning work, an investigation of the deposition of radioactive substances inside the contaminated equipment and structures can provide information on the cause and progression of the accident. This study introduces a quantitative evaluation method of radioactivity using a Compton camera, a type of gamma-ray imager, to investigate the deposition and contamination level of radioactive substances on contaminated objects at the FDNPS. Multiple $$^{137}$$Cs radiation sources with varying radioactivity were placed horizontally in one dimension within the field of view of the Compton camera, and a proof-of-principle study was conducted to evaluate the radioactivity of each source quantitatively.

論文

Improvement in the elution performance of an N,N,N',N-tetraoctyl diglycolamide impregnated extraction chromatography adsorbent using neodymium via micro-particle-induced X-ray emission analysis

高畠 容子; 渡部 創; 新井 剛*; 佐藤 隆博*; 柴田 淳広

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 196, p.110783_1 - 110783_5, 2023/06

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.110783
 被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：41.04(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)

An adsorbent used for the recovery of trivalent minor actinides (MA(III); Am and Cm) from high level liquid waste generated from reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel was subjected to micro-PIXE analysis to improve its elution performance. The experimental adsorbent comprised SiO$$_{2}$$ particles, a polymer coating, and an TODGA. The particles to be analyzed were subjected to Nd adsorption and an elution operation, but Nd in the adsorbent was found to be uniformly distributed. This might have been caused by individual differences in the amount of impregnated TODGA. The remaining Nd species were not localized to a specific part of the adsorbent after the adsorption operation. Some Nd elements were retained in the adsorbent after elution, probably because of the poor diffusion of the mobile phase inside the adsorbent. An adsorbent having a different microstructure from the first was then evaluated, and rapid elution was observed on new adsorbent along micro-PIXE analysis

論文

Identification of depth location of a radiation source by measurement from only one direction using a Compton camera

佐藤 優樹

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 195, p.110739_1 - 110739_9, 2023/05

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.110739
 被引用回数：2 パーセンタイル：65.72(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)

In the decommissioning work environment of a nuclear power plant, it is essential to accurately identify the location of radiation sources to reduce worker doses and develop decontamination plans. In this regard, gamma-ray imagers are promising devices in the visualization of the location of radiation sources. However, they can only estimate the direction in which the radiation source is located and not the distance to the source. A previous study has reported a method to identify the three-dimensional coordinates of the radiation source by measuring from multiple viewpoints with a gamma-ray imager. In some cases, the many pieces of object located at the actual decommissioning site limit the accessible area, making it difficult to measure the target area from multiple viewpoints. Thus, the present study devised and demonstrated a method of estimating the distance to the radiation source by measuring from only one direction using a Compton camera, a type of gamma-ray imager. The proposed method considered the reconstructed image intensity to be proportional to the inverse square of the distance to radiation source. This approach will be useful in accurately locating radiation sources in environments with limited workable areas, such as the broken reactor buildings inside the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station.

論文

Accurate and precise measurement of uranium content in uranium trioxide by gravimetry; Comparison with isotope dilution mass spectrometry and its uncertainty estimation

山本 昌彦; 堀籠 和志; 久野 剛彦

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 190, p.110460_1 - 110460_7, 2022/12

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2022.110460
 被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：19.69(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)

加熱重量法によるUO$$_{3}$$中のU含有量の測定について検討した。測定条件を最適化し、加熱温度は900$$^{circ}$$C、加熱時間は60分、サンプル採取量は1gに設定した。また、本法に係る不確かさを評価するとともに、加熱重量法によるU測定値について、同位体希釈質量分析法(IDMS)による測定値と比較して検証した。その結果、加熱重量法で得たUO$$_{3}$$中のU含有量は、0.78236$$pm$$0.00051g/g (k=2)であり、IDMSによる測定値(0.78271$$pm$$0.00049g/g)と不確かさの範囲内で一致した。これらの結果より、加熱重量法によりUO$$_{3}$$中のUを正確かつ高精度に測定できることが分かった。

論文

New data processing method for nuclear material measurement using pulsed neutrons

米田 政夫; 藤 暢輔

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 188, p.110391_1 - 110391_6, 2022/10

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2022.110391
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)

Active neutron methods using pulsed neutrons can measure nuclear materials with higher performance than passive methods. However, previous active neutron methods have not used the observed data effectively. In this study, we developed a new data processing method with higher performance than the conventional method by using time series data. This method is expected to improve the measurement performance through a significant reduction in measurement time and a sensitivity increase compared to the conventional method.

論文

Estimation of radioactivity and dose equivalent rate by combining Compton imaging and Monte Carlo radiation transport code

佐藤 優樹

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 185, p.110254_1 - 110254_7, 2022/07

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2022.110254
 被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：19.69(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)

In a radiation environment, such as the decommissioning site of a nuclear power station, visualization of the distribution of radioactive substances and estimation of the dose equivalent rate around the site can help reduce the exposure dose of workers and plan their work. The author has developed a method of visualizing the existence of a radiation source using a gamma-ray imager, estimating its radioactivity, and estimating the dose equivalent rate around the source. A Compton camera, which is a gamma-ray imager, is used to visualize the existence of a $$^{137}$$Cs radiation source and estimate its radioactivity, and a three-dimensional (3D) model of the region around the source is generated using a simultaneous localization and mapping device based on 3D light detection and ranging. Next, the dose equivalent rate around the source is calculated by importing the 3D model data and radioactivity information into a particle and heavy ion transport code system code. The validity of the calculated dose equivalent rates was confirmed by comparing them with values measured using a survey meter. This method can be used not only to simply visualize a source and calculate the dose equivalent rate around it but also to evaluate how addition of shielding or removal of contaminated objects can contribute to reducing the dose equivalent rate.

論文

Improved experimental evaluation and model validation of a $$^{252}$$Cf irradiator for delayed gamma-ray spectroscopy applications

Tohamy, M.*; Abbas, K.*; Nonneman, S.*; Rodriguez, D.; Rossi, F.

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 173, p.109694_1 - 109694_7, 2021/07

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.109694
 被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：56.19(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)

An experiment to evaluate a neutron flux for an irradiator using $$^{252}$$Cf was performed by the EC-JRC by applying the Westcott method to indium and gold activation foils. ISCN DG members subsequently developed an MCNP model for a flux comparison within the MEXT subsidiary budget for the promotion of applications related to nuclear security. The flux values are able to show values within 10% for the thermal evaluation with larger differences in the resonance peak energies. Contrarily, there are differences in the reaction rate and peak-count data-model comparisons that could provide new opportunities of basic science research.

論文

Supercritical water pretreatment method for analysis of strontium and uranium in soil (Andosols)

永岡 美佳; 藤田 博喜; 相田 卓*; Guo, H.*; Smith, R. L. Jr.*

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 168, p.109465_1 - 109465_6, 2021/02

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109465
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)

原子力施設周辺では、環境試料中の放射化学分析(環境モニタリング)が行われる。環境試料中の$$alpha$$, $$beta$$核種の前処理は、従来、酸を用いて有機物を分解し、$$^{90}$$Sr, U, Pu等の対象核種を抽出する方法で行われている。そこで、酸の代わりに超臨界水を用いた環境に優しい新しい前処理法を開発した。本研究では、茨城県の土壌(黒ボク土)を用いて水熱前処理を行い、放射性Sr及びUの前処理を行った。その結果、Sr及びUの回収率はそれぞれ70%及び40%であった。また得られた回収率は、水の密度との相関関係にあることが分かった。開発した方法により、放射化学分析の前処理法における環境負荷を低減することができる。

論文

Study of charged particle activation analysis, 2; Determination of boron concentration in human blood samples

池部 友理恵*; 大島 真澄*; 伴場 滋*; 浅井 雅人; 塚田 和明; 佐藤 哲也; 豊嶋 厚史*; Bi, C.*; 瀬戸 博文*; 天野 光*; et al.

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 164, p.109106_1 - 109106_7, 2020/10

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109106
 被引用回数：2 パーセンタイル：20.42(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)

ホウ素中性子捕捉療法(BNCT)は難治性がんの治療に有効な放射線療法である。BNCTでは、中性子照射時間や中性子被曝量のコントロールのために、全血試料中の$$^{10}$$B濃度の正確な定量が不可欠である。我々は荷電粒子誘起放射化分析法(CPAA)を全血試料中$$^{10}$$B濃度の非破壊・精密測定に適用した。実験は原子力機構(JAEA)タンデム加速器にて8MeVの陽子ビームを用いて実施した。$$^{10}$$B(p,$$alpha$$)$$^{7}$$Be反応で生成する$$^{7}$$Beからの478keV $$gamma$$線を用いて$$^{10}$$Bを定量した。また血液中の鉄との核反応で生成する$$^{56}$$Coの$$gamma$$線を用いて$$gamma$$線強度を規格化した。実験の結果、開発したCPAA法は血液中の$$^{10}$$B濃度の定量に適用できることが明らかとなった。

論文

Corrigendum to "Model design of a compact delayed gamma-ray moderator system using $$^{252}$$Cf for safeguards verification measurements" [Appl. Radiat. Isot. 148C (2019) 114-125]

Rodriguez, D.; Rossi, F.; 高橋 時音; 瀬谷 道夫*; 小泉 光生

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 159, P. 109083_1, 2020/05

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109083
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)

Under the MEXT subsidy to improve nuclear security related development, there was a mistake made in the MCNP model of our initial Cf moderator design. This corrigendum includes the description of the mistake and the results from correcting this.

論文

Development of an online measurement system using an alpha liquid scintillation counter and a glass-based microfluidic solvent extraction device for plutonium analysis

山本 昌彦; 田口 茂郎; Do, V. K.; 久野 剛彦; 駿河谷 直樹

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 152, p.37 - 44, 2019/10

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2019.06.027
 被引用回数：8 パーセンタイル：62.42(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)

マイクロ化学チップによる溶媒抽出とアルファ液体シンチレーションカウンタ($$alpha$$-LSC)を組み合わせたプルトニウム(Pu)分析のためのオンライン測定システムを開発した。$$alpha$$-LSCのフローセルは、PTFEチューブをガラス管に詰めて製作し、マイクロ化学チップと接続した。マイクロ流路内の二相流は、コイル状に調整したチューブを用いて安定化させた。マイクロ化学チップ内で溶媒中に抽出したPuは、T字コネクタでシンチレーションカクテルと混合した。本システムにより、Puをオンラインで分離し、検出限界値6.5Bq/mLで検出することができ、発生する廃液量は$$mu$$Lレベルに低減することができた。

論文

On-line rapid purification of [$$^{13}$$N]N$$_2$$ gas for visualization of nitrogen fixation and translocation in nodulated soybean

尹 永根*; 石井 里美*; 鈴井 伸郎*; 井倉 将人*; 栗田 圭輔; 三好 悠太*; 長澤 尚胤*; 田口 光正*; 河地 有木*

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 151, p.7 - 12, 2019/09

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2019.05.034
 被引用回数：6 パーセンタイル：51.34(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)

マメ科作物の窒素固定を正確に解析するためには、無傷の植物体内での窒素利用を測定する必要がある。しかしながら、ほとんどのアプローチでは組織の解体が必要である。我々は、高純度かつ高収率の[$$^{13}$$N]N$$_2$$ガスを簡便かつ迅速に生成する技術を開発し、無傷のダイズ植物体内における窒素固定をリアルタイムで画像化することに成功した。減衰補正後の精製効率は約81.6%であった。

論文

Rapid analytical method of $$^{90}$$Sr in urine sample; Rapid separation of Sr by phosphate co-precipitation and extraction chromatography, followed by determination by triple quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS)

富田 純平; 竹内 絵里奈

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 150, p.103 - 109, 2019/08

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2019.05.026
 被引用回数：16 パーセンタイル：82.75(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)

緊急時における作業者の内部被ばくを評価するために、尿中$$^{90}$$Sr迅速分析法を開発した。尿試料中のSrはリン酸塩共沈及びプレフィルター, TRUレジン及びSrレジンのタンデムカラムを用いた抽出クロマトグラフィーにより迅速に分離され、$$^{90}$$Sr濃度はトリプル四重極誘導結合プラズマ質量分析(ICP-MS/MS)により定量された。1mL min$$^{-1}$$の酸素リアクションガス流量でMS/MSモードにより測定したところ、50mg-Sr L$$^{-1}$$までは、m/z=90における$$^{88}$$Srのテーリングは見られなかった。m/z=90の干渉となるGe, Se及びZrは、化学分離により除去された。既知量の$$^{90}$$Srと1mgのGe, Se, Sr及びZrを含む合成尿(1.2-1.6L)を用いて分析法の妥当性を確認した。尿試料からのSrの分離及びICP-MS/MSによる$$^{90}$$Sr測定に要する時間は約10時間、検出限界値は尿試料あたり1Bqであった。

論文

Model design of a compact delayed gamma-ray moderator system using $$^{252}$$Cf for safeguards verification measurements

Rodriguez, D.; Rossi, F.; 高橋 時音; 瀬谷 道夫; 小泉 光生

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 148, p.114 - 125, 2019/06

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2019.01.002
 被引用回数：6 パーセンタイル：51.34(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)

Delayed gamma-ray spectroscopy is an active-NDA technique used to determine the composition of HRNM samples by peak-ratio comparison of GRs above 3-MeV from the short-lived fission products. Filtering out the passive GRs from long-lived FPs reduces the DGS signal, so thermal neutrons are used to induce more fission events from fissile nuclides. We are developing a compact system to moderate $$sim$$ 2-MeV neutrons that are easier to moderate than 14-MeV neutrons from DT generators. This work describes the ideal moderator optimization for a $$^{252}$$Cf source that results in $$25.9times10^{-4}$$ cm$$^{-2}$$ $$n_{source}^{-1}$$ passing through the sample space with $$geq$$ 70% of those below 1-eV. Practical modifications resulted in $$leq$$ 20% reductions compared to the optimized design. Evaluations of DGS signals and backgrounds conclude that only a 21-MBq $$^{252}$$Cf source is required.

論文

Development of clearance verification equipment for uranium-bearing waste

横山 薫; 大橋 裕介

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 145, p.19 - 23, 2019/03

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2018.11.002
 被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：44.57(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)

原子力施設の解体により発生した金属スクラップのうち、複雑形状物をクリアランスできれば、放射性廃棄物の発生量を削減できる。$$^{238}$$Uの崩壊で生成された1.001MeVの$$gamma$$線($$^{rm 234m}$$Pa)を使用して、ドラム缶に入った除染済みの金属中のウラン量を評価可能なクリアランス検証システムを構築した。模擬廃棄物ドラムを用いた試験により、ウランの定量誤差は0.5gのウランに対して25%以内であることを確認した。

論文

Development and application of a method for discriminating the influence of radon progenies in air from aerial radiation monitoring data

廣内 淳; 西澤 幸康*; 卜部 嘉*; 嶋田 和真; 眞田 幸尚; 宗像 雅広

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 141, p.122 - 129, 2018/11

AA2017-0546.pdf:4.88MB

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2018.08.027
 被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：10.55(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)

The influence of $$gamma$$-rays from natural nuclides (particularly the radon progenies, $$^{214}$$Pb and $$^{214}$$Bi) must be excluded from aerial radiation monitoring (ARM) data to accurately estimate the deposition amount of artificial radionuclides. A method for discriminating the influence of $$^{214}$$Pb and $$^{214}$$Bi in air from the ARM data was developed. The influence of the radon progenies in air was excluded using the relation between the count rates of six NaI (Tl) detectors and a LaBr$$_{3}$$ detector. The discrimination method was applied to the ARM data obtained from around the Sendai Nuclear Power Station. To verify the validity of the discrimination method, the dose rate estimated from the ARM data was compared with the dose rate measured using a NaI survey meter at a height of 1 m above the ground. The application of the discrimination method improved the dose rate estimation, showing the validity of the discrimination method.

論文

Feasibility study of large-scale production of iodine-125 at the high temperature engineering test reactor

Ho, H. Q.; 本多 友貴*; 濱本 真平; 石井 俊晃; 藤本 望*; 石塚 悦男

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 140, p.209 - 214, 2018/10

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2018.07.024
 被引用回数：4 パーセンタイル：35.54(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)

The feasibility of a large-scale iodine-125 production from natural xenon gas at high-temperature gas-cooled reactors was investigated. A high-temperature engineering test reactor, which is located in Japan, was used as a reference HTGR reactor in this study. First, a computer code based on a Runge-Kutta method was developed to calculate the quantities of isotopes arising from the neutron irradiation of natural xenon gas target. This code was verified with a good agreement with a reference result. Next, optimization of irradiation planning was carried out. As results, with 4 days of irradiation and 8 days of decay, the $$^{125}$$I production could be maximized and the $$^{126}$$I contamination was within an acceptable level. The preliminary design of irradiation channels at the HTTR was also optimized. The case with 3 irradiation channels and 20-cm diameter was determined as the optimal design, which could produce approximately 180,000 GBq per year of $$^{125}$$I production.

論文

Proposal of a neutron transmutation doping facility for n-type spherical silicon solar cell at high-temperature engineering test reactor

Ho, H. Q.; 本多 友貴; 元山 瑞樹*; 濱本 真平; 石井 俊晃; 石塚 悦男

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 135, p.12 - 18, 2018/05

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2018.01.005
 被引用回数：8 パーセンタイル：54.85(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)

The p-type spherical silicon solar cell is a candidate for future solar energy with low fabrication cost, however, its conversion efficiency is only about 10%. The conversion efficiency of a silicon solar cell can be increased by using n-type silicon semiconductor as a substrate. This study proposed a new method of neutron transmutation doping silicon (NTD-Si) for producing the n-type spherical solar cell, in which the Si-particles are irradiated directly instead of the cylinder Si-ingot as in the conventional NTD-Si. By using a screw, an identical resistivity could be achieved for the Si-particles without a complicated procedure as in the NTD with Si-ingot. Also, the reactivity and neutron flux swing could be kept to a minimum because of the continuous irradiation of the Si-particles. A high temperature engineering test reactor (HTTR), which is located in Japan, was used as a reference reactor in this study. Neutronic calculations showed that the HTTR has a capability to produce about 40 ton of 10 $$Omega$$ cm resistivity Si-particles for fabrication of the n-type spherical solar cell.

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