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中堂 博之; 横井 直人*; 松尾 衛; 針井 一哉*; 鈴木 淳*; 今井 正樹; 佐藤 正寛*; 前川 禎通*; 齊藤 英治*
Physical Review Letters, 134(13), p.130603_1 - 130603_5, 2025/04
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Physics, Multidisciplinary)A spin 1/2 is the simplest system that has been believed to support a single two-level quantum system, represented by a single resonance. We experimentally demonstrate that a spin-1/2 nucleus of 
F in C
F exhibits an extra resonance corresponding to the emergence of the states, by mechanically rotating a sample and a coil in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements. On the basis of the Floquet formalism, we identify the emergence of the extra two-level state due to the temporal periodicity generated by the mechanical rotation (mechanical spin multiplexing) and derive an operator algebra analogous to the planar rotor algebra in an effective description of the system. The observed multiplexing allows a single spin 1/2 to carry more than two states and potentially enabling the processing of multiple quantum bits on a single spin.
新居 陽一*; 山本 慧; 菅野 将誠*; 前川 禎通*; 小野瀬 佳文*
Physical Review Letters, 134(2), p.027001_1 - 027001_5, 2025/01
被引用回数：2 パーセンタイル：87.69(Physics, Multidisciplinary)While the rectification phenomenon caused by the simultaneous breaking of time reversal and spatial inversion symmetries has been extended to a wide range of (quasi)particles and waves, the nonreciprocal diffraction, which is the imbalance of upward and downward deflections, was previously observed only for photons and remained to be extended to other (quasi)particles. Here, we present evidence of the nonreciprocal diffraction of surface acoustic wave (SAW) utilizing a magnetoelastic grating on a SAW device. Asymmetric diffraction intensities were observed when the ferromagnetic resonance was acoustically excited. Based on a theoretical model, we ascribe the microscopic origin of this phenomenon to the resonant scattering involving ferromagnetic resonance excitations. The novel property may pave an avenue to further development of SAW devices for various purposes including microwave communications and quantum engineering applications.
Marzec, E.*; 百々 拓; 羽賀 勝洋; 原田 正英; 長谷川 勝一; 春日井 好己; 木下 秀孝; 増田 志歩; 明午 伸一郎; 酒井 健二; et al.
Physical Review Letters, 134, p.081801_1 - 081801_9, 2025/00
被引用回数：0We present the first measurement of the missing energy due to nuclear effects in monoenergetic, muon neutrino charged-current interactions on carbon, originating from 
decay at rest (
), performed with the J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at the J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source liquid scintillator based experiment. Toward characterizing the neutrino interaction, ostensibly 
or 
C 
N, we define the missing energy as the energy transferred to the nucleus (
) minus the kinetic energy of the outgoing proton(s), 
, and relate this to visible energy in the detector, ![$$E_m = E_{nu_{mu}} (235.5 MeV) - m_{mu}(105.7 MeV) + [m_n - m_p(1.3 MeV)] - E_{vis}$$](/search/images/ERCV41JAHUQEKX11LRXHKX11LRWXK5L3EAUDEMZVFY0SATLFKYUSALJANVPXWXDNOV4SQMJQGUXDOICNMVLCSIBLEBNW0X1OEAWSA1K5OAUDCLRTEBGWKVRJLUQC0ICFL33XM0LTPUSA.gif)
. The missing energy, which is naively expected to be zero in the absence of nuclear effects (e.g., nucleon separation energy, Fermi momenta, and final-state interactions), is uniquely sensitive to many aspects of the interaction, and has previously been inaccessible with neutrinos. The shape-only, differential cross section measurement reported, based on a 
pure double-coincidence kaon decay-at-rest signal (621 total events), provides detailed insight into neutrino-nucleus interactions, allowing even the nuclear orbital shell of the struck nucleon to be inferred. The measurement provides an important benchmark for models and event generators at hundreds of MeV neutrino energies, characterized by the difficult-to-model transition region between neutrino-nucleus and neutrino-nucleon scattering, and relevant for applications in nuclear physics, neutrino oscillation measurements, and Type-II supernova studies.
Zhu, M.*; Romerio, V.*; Steiger, N.*; Nabi, S. D.*; 村井 直樹; 河村 聖子; Povarov, K. Y.*; Skourski, Y.*; Sibille, R.*; Keller, L.*; et al.
Physical Review Letters, 133(18), p.186704_1 - 186704_6, 2024/11
被引用回数：7 パーセンタイル：88.92(Physics, Multidisciplinary)Magnetic, thermodynamic, neutron diffraction and inelastic neutron scattering are used to study spin correlations in the easy-axis XXZ triangular lattice magnet K
Co(SeO
). Despite the presence of quasi-2D supersolid magnetic order, the low-energy excitation spectrum contains no sharp modes and is instead a broad and structured multiparticle continuum. Applying a weak magnetic field drives the system into an m = 1/3 fractional magnetization plateau phase and restores sharp spin wave modes. To some extent, the behavior at zero field can be understood in terms of spin wave decay. However, the presence of clear excitation minima at the M points of the Brillouin zone suggest that the spinon language may provide a more adequate description, and signals a possible proximity to a Dirac spin liquid state.
Zhu, L.*; He, H.*; Naeem, M.*; Sun, X.*; Qi, J.*; Liu, P.*; Harjo, S.; 中島 健次; Li, B.*; Wang, X.-L.*
Physical Review Letters, 133(12), p.126701_1 - 126701_6, 2024/09
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：48.32(Physics, Multidisciplinary)It has long been suspected that magnetism could play a vital role in the phase stability of multi- component high-entropy alloys. However, the nature of the magnetic order, if any, has remained elusive. Here, by using elastic and inelastic neutron scattering, we demonstrate evidence of antiferromagnetic order below 
80 K and strong spin fluctuations persisting to room temperature in a single-phase face-centered cubic (fcc) CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy. Despite the chemical complexity, the magnetic structure in CrMnFeCoNi can be described as 
-Mn-like, with the magnetic moments confined in alternating (001) planes and pointing toward the 
111
direction. Combined with first-principles calculation results, it is shown that the antiferromagnetic order and spin fluctuations help stabilized the fcc phase in CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy.
松浦 直人*; Zhang, J.*; 上村 祥史*; 古府 麻衣子; 枝川 圭一*
Physical Review Letters, 133(13), p.136101_1 - 136101_5, 2024/09
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：48.32(Physics, Multidisciplinary)In quasicrystals lacking translational symmetry but having highly ordered structures, understanding how phonons propagate in their aperiodic lattices remains an unsolved issue. We present an inelastic neutron scattering study on acoustic phonon modes of icosahedral quasicrystal AlPdMn, revealing hierarchical pseudo-gap structure in low-energy acoustic modes. Additionally, phonon intensities are asymmetric in energy and wave vectors with respect to the Bragg peak, indicating characteristic nonreciprocal phonon propagation in quasicrystals.
-delayed neutron emitters 
KXu, Z. Y.*; Grzywacz, R.*; Andreyev, A. N.; 他49名*
Physical Review Letters, 133(4), p.042501_1 - 042501_7, 2024/07
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：0.00(Physics, Multidisciplinary)We investigated decays of 
K at the ISOLDE Decay Station at CERN in order to understand the mechanism of the -delayed neutron-emission (n) process. The experiment quantified neutron and -ray emission paths for each precursor. We used this information to test the hypothesis, first formulated by Bohr in 1939, that neutrons in the n process originate from the structureless "compound nucleus". The data are consistent with this postulate for most of the observed decay paths. The agreement, however, is surprising because the compound-nucleus stage should not be achieved in the studied decay due to insufficient excitation energy and level densities in the neutron emitter. In the 
K n decay, we found a preferential population of the first excited state in 
Ca that contradicted Bohr's hypothesis. The latter was interpreted as evidence for direct neutron emission sensitive to the structure of the neutron-unbound state. We propose that the observed nonstatistical neutron emission proceeds through the coupling with nearby doorway states that have large neutron-emission probabilities. The appearance of "compound-nucleus" decay is caused by the aggregated small contributions of multiple doorway states at higher excitation energy.
Pb, the heaviest 
-process; Only isotope in the solar systemCasanovas-Hoste, A.*; 原田 秀郎; 木村 敦; 他130名*
Physical Review Letters, 133(5), p.052702_1 - 052702_8, 2024/07
被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：48.32(Physics, Multidisciplinary)Tl(n, ) cross section was measured at the CERN neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF, employing a sample of only 9 mg of Tl produced at the Institute Laue Langevin high flux reactor. At the -process temperatures of kT 
8 keV and kT 30 keV, Maxwellian-averaged cross sections (MACS) of 580(168) mb and 260(90) mb, respectively. These figures are about 3% lower and 20% higher than the corresponding values widely used in astrophysical calculations, which were based only on theoretical calculations. By using the new Tl MACS, the uncertainty arising from the Tl(n, ) cross section on the -process abundance of Pb has been reduced from 30% down to +8%/-6%, and the -process calculations are in agreement with the latest solar system abundance of Pb reported by K. Lodders in 2021.
Gu, Y. Q.*; Gu, Y. M.*; Liu, F.*; 河村 聖子; 村井 直樹; Zhao, J.*
Physical Review Letters, 132(24), p.246702_1 - 246702_7, 2024/06
被引用回数：2 パーセンタイル：48.32(Physics, Multidisciplinary)Materials manifesting the Kitaev model, characterized by bond-dependent interactions on a honeycomb lattice, can host exotic phenomena like quantum spin liquid states and topological magnetic excitations. However, finding such materials remains a formidable challenge. Here, we report high-resolution inelastic neutron scattering measurements performed on VI, a van der Waals ferromagnetic Mott insulator, covering a wide range of reciprocal space. Our measurements unveil highly anisotropic magnetic excitations in momentum space. Through a comprehensive comparative analysis of various models that incorporate diverse symmetry-allowed magnetic interactions, we find the observed excitations are well captured by a model with a large bond-dependent Kitaev interaction. These results not only help to understand the intriguing properties of VI, such as the pronounced anomalous thermal Hall effects and strong pressure or structure dependence of magnetism, but also open a new avenue for exploring Kitaev physics.
佐野 涼太郎*; 大湊 友也*; 松尾 衛
Physical Review Letters, 132(23), p.236302_1 - 236302_9, 2024/06
被引用回数：4 パーセンタイル：85.16(Physics, Multidisciplinary)We propose an ac intrinsic magnon spin Hall current driven by surface acoustic waves as a novel probe for such antiferromagnets. Our results pave the way towards mechanical detection and manipulation of the magnetic order in two-dimensional antiferromagnets.
船戸 匠*; 松尾 衛; 加藤 岳生*
Physical Review Letters, 132(23), p.236201_1 - 236201_7, 2024/06
被引用回数：4 パーセンタイル：85.16(Physics, Multidisciplinary)Our results clearly illustrate the microscopic origin of spin current generation by chiral phonons and may lead to a breakthrough in the development of spintronic devices without heavy elements.
Cd and the isospin dependence of effective chargesJungclaus, A.*; G
rska, M.*; Mikolajczuk, M.*; Acosta, J.*; Taprogge, J.*; 西村 俊二*; Doornenbal, P.*; Orlandi, R.; 他55名*
Physical Review Letters, 132(22), p.222501_1 - 222501_7, 2024/05
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Physics, Multidisciplinary)At the RIBF facility in RIKEN, the half-lives of the 6
and 8 excited states of semi-magic nucleus Cd were measured, and the B(E2) transition matrix elements of the corresponding transitions were deduced. This information was used to determine the effective proton charges in Cd. By comparing these new results with the effective charges deduced from a previous measurement of 
Cd, the effective charges near doubly magic 
Sn and 
Sn could be compared for the first time. This revealed an unexpected large decrease of the isovector effective charges due to the increasing number of neutrons. This information is very important for state-of-the-art large scale shell model calculations.
永井 佑紀; 岩崎 祐昂*; 北原 功一*; 高際 良樹*; 木村 薫*; 志賀 基之
Physical Review Letters, 132(19), p.196301_1 - 196301_6, 2024/05
被引用回数：4 パーセンタイル：85.16(Physics, Multidisciplinary)準結晶とは、高次元超格子の3次元空間への射影として理解できる周期性のない物質である。高温における比熱の上昇は、準結晶の高次元性を反映した現象として二十年以上議論されてきた。しかし、準結晶やその近似結晶の比熱の理論計算はその原子構造の複雑さから困難であった。実験と理論の橋渡しを行うため、最先端の機械学習分子動力学法を用いて、比熱の理論計算を試みた。そして、Al-Pd-Ru準結晶とその近似結晶において、実験グループとの共同研究により、実験で異常高温比熱が現れること、理論で同様の現象が再現できること、の二つを確かめた。そして、異常高温比熱が現れる温度領域においては、アルミニウム原子が不連続に飛び移りながら拡散していくことがわかった。そして、その拡散の経路は6次元超原子の揺らぎとして理解することができることを明らかにした。
Ce(n, ) cross section at n_TOF and its astrophysical implications for the chemical evolution of the universeAmaducci, S.*; 原田 秀郎; 木村 敦; 他130名*
Physical Review Letters, 132(12), p.122701_1 - 122701_8, 2024/03
被引用回数：4 パーセンタイル：68.78(Physics, Multidisciplinary)Ce(n,) is a key reaction for slow neutron-capture (-process) nucleosynthesis due to being a bottleneck in the reaction flow. For this reason, it was measured with high accuracy (uncertainty 5%) at the n_TOF facility, with an unprecedented combination of a high purity sample and low neutron-sensitivity detectors. The measured Maxwellian averaged cross section is up to 40% higher than previously accepted values. Stellar model calculations indicate a reduction around 20% of the s-process contribution to the Galactic cerium abundance and smaller sizeable differences for most of the heavier elements. No variations are found in the nucleosynthesis from massive stars.
Hwang, Y.*; Puebla, J.*; 近藤 浩太*; Gonzalez-Ballestero, C.*; 一色 弘成*; S
nchez Mu
oz, C.*; Liao, L.*; Chen, F.*; Luo, W.*; 前川 禎通*; et al.
Physical Review Letters, 132(5), p.056704_1 - 056704_7, 2024/01
被引用回数：16 パーセンタイル：97.43(Physics, Multidisciplinary)Here, we report the observation of strong coupling between magnons and surface acoustic wave (SAW) phonons in a thin CoFeB film constructed in an on-chip SAW resonator by analyzing SAW phonon dispersion anticrossings. We employ a nanostructured SAW resonator design that, in contrast to conventional SAW resonators, allows us to enhance shear-horizontal strain. Crucially, this type of strain couples strongly to magnons. Our device design provides the tunability of the film thickness with a fixed phonon wavelength, which is a departure from the conventional approach in strong magnon-phonon coupling research. We detect a monotonic increase in the coupling strength by expanding the film thickness, which agrees with our theoretical model. Our work offers a significant way to advance fundamental research and the development of devices based on magnon-phonon hybrid quasiparticles.
徳永 陽; 酒井 宏典; 神戸 振作; Opletal, P.; 常盤 欣文; 芳賀 芳範; 北川 俊作*; 石田 憲二*; 青木 大*; Knebel, G.*; et al.
Physical Review Letters, 131(22), p.226503_1 - 226503_7, 2023/12
被引用回数：11 パーセンタイル：85.32(Physics, Multidisciplinary)Our measurements of 
Te NMR relaxations reveal an enhancement of electronic spin fluctuations above 
~T, leading to their divergence in the vicinity of the metamagnetic transition at 
~T, below which field-reinforced superconductivity appears when a magnetic field (
) is applied along the crystallographic 
axis. The NMR data evidence that these fluctuations are dominantly longitudinal, providing a key to understanding the peculiar superconducting phase diagram in 
, where such fluctuations enhance the pairing interactions.
Be ground-state molecular structure using Be(
)
He triple differential reaction cross-section measurementsLi, P. J.*; Beaumel, D.*; Lee, J.*; Assi
, M.*; Chen, S.*; Franchoo, S.*; Gibelin, J.*; Hammache, F.*; Harada, T.*; 延与 佳子*; et al.
Physical Review Letters, 131(21), p.212501_1 - 212501_7, 2023/11
被引用回数：21 パーセンタイル：93.59(Physics, Multidisciplinary)Beのクラスター構造を()反応を用いて調査した。三重微分断面積が実験的に測定され、Tohsaki-Horiuchi-Schuck-R
pke波動関数の方法や反対称化分子動力学を用いた歪曲波インパルス近似計算と比較した。実験データと理論計算の顕著な一致が確認され、Beの比較的コンパクトな分子状態を確認した。
Lyons, T. P.*; Puebla, J.*; 山本 慧; Deacon, R. S.*; Hwang, Y.*; 石橋 幸治*; 前川 禎通*; 大谷 義近*
Physical Review Letters, 131(19), p.196701_1 - 196701_6, 2023/11
被引用回数：16 パーセンタイル：90.49(Physics, Multidisciplinary)Harnessing the causal relationships between mechanical and magnetic properties of van der Waals materials presents a wealth of untapped opportunity for scientific and technological advancement, from precision sensing to novel memories. This can, however, only be exploited if the means exist to efficiently interface with the magnetoelastic interaction. Here, we demonstrate acoustically-driven spin-wave resonance in a crystalline antiferromagnet, chromium trichloride, via surface acoustic wave irradiation. The resulting magnon-phonon coupling is found to depend strongly on sample temperature and external magnetic field orientation, and displays a high sensitivity to extremely weak magnetic anisotropy fields in the few mT range. Our work demonstrates a natural pairing between power-efficient strain-wave technology and the excellent mechanical properties of van der Waals materials, representing a foothold towards widespread future adoption of dynamic magneto-acoustics.
Cubiss, J. G.*; Andreyev, A. N.; 他49名*
Physical Review Letters, 131(20), p.202501_1 - 202501_8, 2023/11
被引用回数：8 パーセンタイル：80.53(Physics, Multidisciplinary)The changes in mean-squared charge radii of neutron-deficient gold nuclei have been determined using the in-source, resonance-ionization laser spectroscopy technique, at the ISOLDE facility (CERN). From these new data, nuclear deformations are inferred, revealing a competition between deformed and spherical configurations. The isotopes 
Au are observed to possess well-deformed ground states and, when moving to lighter masses, a sudden transition to near-spherical shapes is seen in the extremely neutron deficient nuclides, 
Au. A case of shape coexistence and shape staggering is identified in 
Au which has a ground and isomeric state with different deformations. These new data reveal a pattern in ground-state deformation unique to the gold isotopes, whereby, when moving from the heavy to light masses, a plateau of well-deformed isotopes exists around the neutron midshell, flanked by near-spherical shapes in the heavier and lighter isotopes-a trend hitherto unseen elsewhere in the nuclear chart. The experimental charge radii are compared to those from Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculations using the D1M Gogny interaction and configuration mixing between states of different deformation. The calculations are constrained by the known spins, parities, and magnetic moments of the ground states in gold nuclei and show a good agreement with the experimental results.
Liao, L.*; Puebla, J.*; 山本 慧; Kim, J.*; 前川 禎通*; Hwang, Y.*; Ba, Y.*; 大谷 義近*
Physical Review Letters, 131(17), p.176701_1 - 176701_6, 2023/10
被引用回数：8 パーセンタイル：80.53(Physics, Multidisciplinary)Phonons and magnons are engineered by periodic potential landscapes in phononic and magnonic crystals, and their combined studies may enable valley phonon transport tunable by the magnetic field. Through nonreciprocal surface acoustic wave transmission, we demonstrate valley-selective phonon-magnon scattering in magnetoelastic superlattices. The lattice symmetry and the out-of-plane magnetization component control the sign of nonreciprocity. The phonons in the valleys play a crucial role in generating nonreciprocal transmission by inducing helical strains that couple with the magnons. The transmission spectra show a nonreciprocity peak near a transmission gap, matching the phononic band structure. Our results open the way for manipulating valley phonon transport through periodically varying magnon-phonon coupling.
