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Fukui, Yasuhito
Journal of Conflict & Security Law, 29(1), p.129 - 142, 2024/01
The international law of Nuclear Security is composed of treaties and a series of soft law instruments, which supplement the international conventions. Therefore, they function as guidelines that provide the policy direction so that the wide variety of nuclear facilities in the states can be properly protected. Traditionally, the role of soft law was explained for its flexibility or normativity. However, when the provisions of such instruments are transposed into municipal law, they function as somewhat a hard law even if their origin is soft law at the international law level.
Shibata, Ryodai; Amano, Tsukasa; Yamada, Hiroyuki; Miyaji, Noriko; Nakamura, Hironobu
Dai-44-Kai Nihon Kaku Busshitsu Kanri Gakkai Nenji Taikai Kaigi Rombunshu (Internet), 4 Pages, 2023/11
In April 2020, JAEA has been introduced Physical Protection Corrective Action Program (PPCAP) with full-scale. It was needed to introduce unified operation for six sites with different business scales, and headquarters developed the common guideline. There was an impression that physical protection activities were carried out by a limited number of employees. Therefore, a problem was to root and activate PPCAP activities among all employees in order to make them effective. Five activities were implemented to solve this problem. As a result, more than 3,700 condition reports (CR) have been collected for 4 years. This paper reports on the activities related to the PPCAP that have been implemented at JAEA.
Fukui, Yasuhito
Nihon Genshiryoku Gakkai-Shi ATOMO
, 65(9), p.564 - 567, 2023/09
This article explains that how the international law prevents armed attacks to nuclear power plant based on the lex lata basis. Four points are raised, in other words, first, how the current international law prohibit armed attacks to the nuclear power plant. Second, the current international law can prevent the armed attacks effectively. Third, if the law lacks the effectiveness, what kind of framework or response are necessary. Fourth, if these legal frameworks are applied to the nuclear power plants in Japan, how these will be accommodated are explained.
Amano, Tsukasa; Sato, Yoshiharu; Shibata, Ryodai; Yamazaki, Katsuyuki; Shiromo, Hideo; Nakamura, Hironobu
Dai-43-Kai Nihon Kaku Busshitsu Kanri Gakkai Nenji Taikai Kaigi Rombunshu (Internet), 4 Pages, 2022/11
About ten years have passed since the introduction of nuclear security compliance and security culture development activities. While there have been changes in domestic and international situations, it is essential for nuclear security that the entire organization maintains an attitude that emphasizes compliance with laws and regulations and nuclear security. JAEA has been effectively implementing various activities with evaluation and improvement. Especially, e-learning which combines education and awareness, case studies, and internal audits are considered effective in maintaining nuclear security compliance and security culture development activities.
Fukui, Yasuhito
Dai-43-Kai Nihon Kaku Busshitsu Kanri Gakkai Nenji Taikai Kaigi Rombunshu (Internet), 3 Pages, 2022/11
After the Russian invasion on Ukrainian territory, which accompanied armed attacks in nuclear facilities in Ukraine, these incidents triggered serious concerns in Japan. Fortunately, in Japan, the necessary administrative mechanism is already established based on the currently effective laws and regulations and no additional measures are necessary to prepare for this purpose. Usually, un ordinary physical protection operations are deemed to execute in accordance with the Nuclear Reactor Regulation Act for the operators together with Japanese police and Japan coastal guards etc. However, once the unexpected incident exceeds the threshold of police-based physical protection, upon request of local governments etc., Armed Attack Situations Response Act and Civil Protection Act is activated. In addition to the ordinary physical protection, thus Prime Minister's Cabinet Office and competent authorities concerned order to protect nuclear facilities especially by Japan self-defense force, local government and designated institutions etc. in other words to protect Japanese nationals.
Nakamura, Hironobu
INMMJ Newsletter (Internet), 3, P. 2, 2022/04
Based on the request form INMM Japan Chapter, I summarized the subject and suggestion about human resource development for nuclear security area. We are applied the hard law for the Nuclear security to keep public safe as well as safety. In the work of nuclear security, even if the research institute such as JAEA, as well as electric company, we must satisfy the nuclear security rules corresponding to each business regulation. The basic work is the activities of compliance and nuclear security culture promotion, insider/outsider countermeasures and emergency response, etc... However, in order to implement those works, high level of compliance consciousness and ability of communication are necessary. In addition to that, human resource development for nuclear security is not only the education for the person in charge of nuclear security management but also, we implement the education (e-learning) for all workers in JAEA. Furthermore, we implement education for the law, periodical review of our rules and assessment in order to reduce the security risk as low as achievable. Basically, I think that securing human resources and development of human resources is basic approach. However, in case of human resource development for nuclear security, not only the implementation of OJT and education, but also it is very important to conduct several activities shown in above continuously.
Shibata, Ryodai; Yamazaki, Katsuyuki; Yamada, Hiroyuki; Miyaji, Noriko; Nakamura, Hironobu
Dai-42-Kai Nihon Kaku Busshitsu Kanri Gakkai Nenji Taikai Kaigi Rombunshu (Internet), 4 Pages, 2021/11
Physical protection systems (PPS) operated for security in nuclear facilities uses computer-controlled systems. If malicious peoples change program or install computer virus to PPS, they are invalidated. Due to insufficient surveillance etc., and then unauthorized removal and sabotage may be caused. This paper introduces efforts of necessary procurement and quality managements etc., for decreasing there affect, and their details.
Fukui, Yasuhito
CISTEC Janaru, (190), p.208 - 219, 2020/11
This article argues especially the inter-relation between the nuclear security and cyber security. First, this article explains the issues related to the nuclear security such as nuclear security related international treaties and IAEA nuclear security series documents which is essential to support this treaty regime. Second, as for cyber security, international treaty such as Convention on Cybercrime and international conference on cyber issues held in five times at high level, and UN activities held in the form of the Group of governmental experts and Open-ended working group etc. Based on the fundamental assessment on these multi-faceted aspects, this article tries to propose the guidance in view of the Review Conference of 2005 Amendment to the 1979 Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Materials, which will be held in the next year 2021.
Kitao, Takahiko; Takeuchi, Yoshikatsu; Kimura, Takashi; Kojima, Junji; Shioya, Satoshi; Tasaki, Takashi; Nakamura, Hironobu
Nihon Kaku Busshitsu Kanri Gakkai Dai-38-Kai Nenji Taikai Rombunshu (Internet), 9 Pages, 2018/04
In order to ensure and strengthen nuclear security measures, an active cultivation of nuclear security culture implemented by both entire organization and individual persons is vitally essential. Tokai reprocessing facility has conducted various activities such as case study education and training, yearly posters and patrolling the site by upper-level management that all employees hold a deep rooted belief that there is a credible insider and outsider threat, and that nuclear security is important. These activities are conducted in order to establish the foundation of beliefs and attitudes of effective nuclear security culture based on the IAEA guideline. This report introduces our activities fostering nuclear security culture in Tokai reprocessing facility that the evaluation and the continuous improvement of bidirectional activities by both top-down from multiple management levels and bottom-up from individual employee, and our challenges need to be worked on for the future.
*; *; *
JNC TJ8420 2000-003, 99 Pages, 2000/03
JNC-TJ8420-2000-003.pdf:5.47MB
no abstracts in English
Konishi, Satoshi
Purazuma, Kaku Yugo Gakkai-Shi, 74(8), p.808 - 810, 1998/08
no abstracts in English
; Tanuma, Koji; *
Dai-18-Kai Kaku Busshitsu Kanri Gakkai (INMM) Nihon Shibu Nenji Taikai Hobunshu, p.103 - 108, 1997/11
no abstracts in English
; Yamamoto, Yoichi
Dai-12-Kai Kaku Busshitsu Kanri Gakkai Nenji Taikai Rombunshu, p.151 - 158, 1991/06
no abstracts in English
Shimizu, Ryo; Kimura, Takashi; Tazaki, Makiko; Tamai, Hiroshi; Suda, Kazunori
no journal, ,
no abstracts in English
Shimizu, Ryo; Kimura, Takashi; Tazaki, Makiko; Tamai, Hiroshi; Suda, Kazunori
no journal, ,
no abstracts in English
Kimura, Takashi; Shimizu, Ryo; Tazaki, Makiko; Tamai, Hiroshi; Suda, Kazunori
no journal, ,
no abstracts in English
Shimizu, Ryo; Kimura, Takashi; Tazaki, Makiko; Kitade, Yuta; Tamai, Hiroshi; Nakanishi, Hiroaki; Suda, Kazunori
no journal, ,
In order to enhance and promote both nuclear nonproliferation (safeguards) and nuclear security measures, challenges and possible solutions to maximize such effects and to expand feasibility and applicability of detection technologies which could be shared among both 2S in future nuclear fuel cycle facilities are clarified and discussed.
Nakamura, Hironobu; Amano, Tsukasa
no journal, ,
At the request of the University of Tokyo, we conduct a lecture entitled "The Physical Protection of Nuclear Material in the Nuclear Facilities" at the "2020 Nuclear Special Lecture". In this lecture, each physical protection measures stipulated by domestic laws will be explained. In the explanation, specific examples will be given for each physical protection measures such as area-setting and access-control for the physical protection of nuclear materials. Especially, among the physical protections measures, nuclear-security-culture-activities and measures against insider-threats will be introduced together with the efforts of JAEA.
Fukui, Yasuhito
no journal, ,
International law in the field of nuclear security is composed of not only treaties such as ammended Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material, but also soft laws such as Nuclear Securiry Series published by IAEA, which may provide the guidance to the Member States in order to construct the physical protection of muclear facilities. There are also the cases of soft laws to show the futute direction, for example, Nuclear security summits declaration. In this presentation, I would like to explain why the international law, especially soft laws, in the field of nuclear security plays a comprementary role to the related treaties.
