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Mineo, Hideaki; Nishihara, Tetsuo; Ohashi, Hirofumi; Goto, Minoru; Sato, Hiroyuki; Takegami, Hiroaki
Nippon Genshiryoku Gakkai-Shi, 62(9), p.504 - 508, 2020/09
High-Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor (HTGR) is one of thermal neutron reactor-type that employs helium gas coolant and graphite moderator. It has excellent inherent safety and can supply high-temperature heat which can be used not only for electric power generation but also for a wide range of application such as hydrogen production. Therefore, HTGR is expected to be an effective technology for reducing greenhouse gases in Japan as well as overseas. In this paper, we will introduce the forefront of technological development that JAEA is working toward the realization of an HTGR system consisting of a high temperature gas reactor and heat utilization facilities such as gas-turbine power generation and hydrogen production.
Sato, Hiroyuki; Ohashi, Hirofumi
Mechanical Engineering Journal (Internet), 7(3), p.19-00332_1 - 19-00332_11, 2020/06
An uncertainty analysis method for control room habitability under toxic gas leakage accidents in cogeneration HTGR is proposed to support risk-informed design of the plant. The method is applied to representative toxic gas leakage accidents in a IS process hydrogen production plant coupled to the HTTR gas turbine test plant. Epistemic and aleatory uncertainties for each variable parameter are identified and are propagated using Latin hypercube sampling. The analyses show that the suggested method can successfully characterize and quantify uncertainties in the toxic gas concentration in control room. The results lead us to the conclusion that toxic gas dispersion behavior analysis should combine two evaluation methods: dense gas dispersion model and computational fluid dynamics simulation.
Inagaki, Yoshiyuki; Sakaba, Nariaki; Tanaka, Nobuyuki; Nomura, Mikihiro*; Sawada, Shinichi*; Yamaki, Tetsuya*
Nippon Kaisui Gakkai-Shi, 73(4), p.194 - 202, 2019/08
The thermochemical IS process is a promising hydrogen production method which can produce hydrogen in a large amount and stably with high efficiency by thermal splitting of water. Research and development on chemical reaction technology with membranes was conducted for the purpose of improving the efficiency of IS process and application of solar heat. The basic technology of ceramic membranes applied to decomposition reactions of hydrogen iodine and sulfuric acid was developed, and it is expected that the conversion rate on decomposition in each reaction can be remarkably improved. The basic technology of a cation exchange membrane applied to Bunsen reaction was developed with radiation-induced grafting technique, it is expected that the amount of iodine can be reduced to about one-fifth compared to the conventional method. These achievements are important technologies for practical use of the IS process.
Sato, Hiroyuki; Ohashi, Hirofumi
Proceedings of 27th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE-27) (Internet), 8 Pages, 2019/05
To establish a probabilistic approach for assessment of toxic gas leakage accidents in a H
plant, the present study focusses on development of an uncertainty analysis method for toxic gas concentration in a control room. The method consists of 6 steps; (1) Identification of uncertainty factors, (2) derivation of variable parameters, (3) identification of uncertainties in variable parameters, (4) identification of important factors considering the sensitivity analysis results and expert opinions, (5) uncertainty propagation analysis, (6) assessment of uncertainty analysis results. The method is then applied to representative toxic gas leakage accidents in a H plant by IS process coupled to the HTTR. The results obtained in the study leads us to the conclusion that the suggested method can successfully characterize and quantify uncertainties in the toxic gas concentration in control room.
Inagaki, Yoshiyuki; Sakaba, Nariaki
Shokubai, 61(2), p.92 - 96, 2019/04
The outline of the membrane IS process to produce hydrogen by thermochemical water splitting using solar heat at around 650
C is described. The membrane technology has been applied to the three main reaction of the IS process to lower the reaction temperature and reduce the amount of circulation materials in the process. The key component technologies such as catalysts, membranes and corrosion resistant materials have been developed. The study was supported in part by the Council for Science, Technology and Innovation, Cross-ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion Program, "Energy Carrier".
Inagaki, Yoshiyuki
Suiso No Seizo, Yuso, Chozo Gijutsu To Zairyo Kaihatsu Jireishu, p.59 - 65, 2019/04
This report describes the outline of the thermochemical hydrogen production process by water splitting related to technologies on production, transport and storage of hydrogen. The report explains the principle of thermochemical process as well as the research and development status on Iodine-Sulfur (IS) process performed in JAEA. As energy for IS process, the outline and the domestic and abroad development status of a high temperature gas-cooled reactor is described.
F
tterer, M. A.*; Li, F.*; Gougar, H.*; Edwards, L.*; Pouchon, M. A.*; Kim, M. H.*; Carr
, F.*; Sato, Hiroyuki
Proceedings of 9th International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology (HTR 2018) (USB Flash Drive), 12 Pages, 2018/10
This paper provides an update on the international effort in the development of the VHTR system pursued through international collaboration between 8 countries in the GIF and an outlook on future R&D. The versatility of the VHTR enables it to be designed with inherent safety characteristics and optimized for both electric and non-electric applications, in particular for cogeneration of heat and power. Recent highlights from the four currently active GIF VHTR R&D projects are provided and placed into the context of the related national programs. Based on VHTR's relatively high technology readiness level, orientations for future R&D are outlined and will contribute to further enhancing the system's market readiness level.
test plant; System performance evaluation for HTTR gas turbine cogeneration plantSato, Hiroyuki; Nomoto, Yasunobu*; Horii, Shoichi*; Sumita, Junya; Yan, X.
Nuclear Engineering and Design, 329, p.247 - 254, 2018/04
Times Cited Count：2 Percentile：55.45(Nuclear Science & Technology)This paper presents the system performance evaluation for HTTR gas turbine cogeneration test plant (HTTR-GT/H plant) so as to confirm that the design meets the requirements with respect to the demonstration test objective. Start-up and shut down operation sequences as well as operability of load following operation were investigated. In addition, system dynamic and control analyses for the test plant in the events of loss of generator load and upset of H plant were performed. The simulation results presented in the paper show that the test plant is suitable for the test bed to validate control schemes against postulated transients in the GTHTR300C. The results also lead us to the conclusion that HTTR-GT/H plant can be used to test operational procedures unique to HTGR direct-cycle gas turbine cogeneration.
test plantYan, X. L.; Sato, Hiroyuki; Sumita, Junya; Nomoto, Yasunobu*; Horii, Shoichi*; Imai, Yoshiyuki; Kasahara, Seiji; Suzuki, Koichi*; Iwatsuki, Jin; Terada, Atsuhiko; et al.
Nuclear Engineering and Design, 329, p.223 - 233, 2018/04
Times Cited Count：6 Percentile：15.83(Nuclear Science & Technology)The pre-licensing design of an HTGR cogeneration test plant to be coupled to JAEA's existing test reactor HTTR is presented. The plant is designed to demonstrate the system of JAEA commercial plant design GTHTR300C. With construction planned to be completed around 2025, the test plant is expected to be the first-of-a-kind nuclear system operating on two of the advanced energy conversion systems attractive for the HTGR closed cycle helium gas turbine for power generation and thermochemical iodine-sulfur water-splitting process for hydrogen production.
plant; Safety analysis of HTTR for coupling helium gas turbine and H plantSato, Hiroyuki; Yan, X.; Ohashi, Hirofumi
JAEA-Technology 2017-020, 23 Pages, 2017/08
JAEA-Technology-2017-020.pdf:1.23MB
JAEA initiated a nuclear cogeneration demonstration project with helium gas turbine power generation and thermochemical hydrogen production utilizing the HTTR. This study carries out system analysis for the HTTR gas turbine hydrogen cogeneration test plant. The evaluation was conducted for the events newly identified corresponding to the coupling of helium gas turbine and hydrogen production plant to the HTTR. The results showed that loss of load event does not have impact on temperature of fuel and reactor coolant pressure boundary. In addition, reactor coolant pressure does not exceed the evaluation criteria. Furthermore, it was shown that reactor operation can be maintained against temperature transients induced by abnormal events in hydrogen production plant.
test plant (Revised version)Imai, Yoshiyuki; Sato, Hiroyuki; Yan, X.
JAEA-Data/Code 2017-011, 39 Pages, 2017/08
JAEA-Data-Code-2017-011.pdf:2.93MB
This report is the revised version of the report titled "Design Database of Helium Gas Turbine for High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor, JAEA-Data/Code 2016-007" reflecting component design and experimental data analysis results for fission product isotope diffusion through the turbine blade alloy conducted in Fiscal Year 2016.
test plant; System performance evaluation for HTTR gas turbine cogeneration plantSato, Hiroyuki; Nomoto, Yasunobu; Horii, Shoichi; Sumita, Junya; Yan, X.; Ohashi, Hirofumi
Proceedings of 8th International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology (HTR 2016) (CD-ROM), p.759 - 766, 2016/11
This paper presents the system performance evaluation for HTTR gas turbine cogeneration test plant (HTTR-GT/H plant) so as to confirm that the design meets the requirements with respect to the demonstration test objective. Start-up and shut down operation sequences as well as operability of load following operation were investigated. In addition, system dynamic and control analyses for the test plant in the events of loss of generator load and upset of H plant were performed. The simulation results presented in the paper show that the test plant is suitable for the test bed to validate control schemes against postulated transients in the commercial Gas Turbine High Temperature Reactor Cogeneration (GTHTR300C). The results also lead us to the conclusion that HTTR-GT/H plant can be used to test operational procedure unique to HTGR direct-cycle gas turbine cogeneration.
Kasahara, Seiji; Imai, Yoshiyuki; Suzuki, Koichi*; Iwatsuki, Jin; Terada, Atsuhiko; Yan, X.
Proceedings of 8th International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology (HTR 2016) (CD-ROM), p.491 - 500, 2016/11
A conceptual design of a practical large scale plant of the thermochemical water splitting iodine-sulfur (IS) process flowsheet was carried out as a heat application of Japan Atomic Energy Agency's commercial Gas Turbine High Temperature Reactor Cogeneration (GTHTR300C) plant design. Innovative techniques proposed by JAEA were applied for improvement of hydrogen production thermal efficiency; flash concentration of HSO
using waste heat from Bunsen reaction, prevention of HSO vaporization from a distillation column by introduction of HSO solution, and I condensation heat recovery by direct contact heat exchange in the HI distillation column. A simulation of material and heat balance showed hydrogen of about 31,900 Nm
/h was produced by 170 MW heat from the GTHTR300C. A process thermal efficiency of 50.2% was achievable with incorporation of the innovative techniques and several high performance components expected in future R&D.
test plant; System designYan, X.; Sato, Hiroyuki; Sumita, Junya; Nomoto, Yasunobu; Horii, Shoichi; Imai, Yoshiyuki; Kasahara, Seiji; Suzuki, Koichi*; Iwatsuki, Jin; Terada, Atsuhiko; et al.
Proceedings of 8th International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology (HTR 2016) (CD-ROM), p.827 - 836, 2016/11
Pre-licensing basic design for a cogenerating HTGR test plant system is presented. The plant to be coupled to existing 30 MWt 950C test reactor HTTR is intended as a system technology demonstrator for GTHTR300C plant design. More specifically the test plant of HTTR-GT/H aims to (1)demonstrate the licensability of the GTHTR300C for electricity production by gas turbine and hydrogen cogeneration by thermochemical process and (2) confirm the operation control and safety of such cogeneration system. With construction and operation completion by 2025, the test plant is expected to be the first of a kind HTGR-powered cogeneration plant operating on the two advanced energy conversion systems of closed cycle helium gas turbine for power generation and thermochemical iodine-sulfur water-splitting process for hydrogen production.
Imai, Yoshiyuki; Sato, Hiroyuki; Nomoto, Yasunobu; Yan, X.
JAEA-Data/Code 2016-007, 27 Pages, 2016/08
JAEA-Data-Code-2016-007.pdf:3.65MB
This report provides design database for helium gas turbine for HTGR. The design details for secondary helium cooling system and helium gas turbine in a heat application system to be coupled to the HTTR are described. In addition, experimental data for fission product isotope diffusion through turbine blade alloy is compiled.
Sato, Hiroyuki; Yan, X.; Sumita, Junya; Terada, Atsuhiko; Tachibana, Yukio
Journal of Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science, 2(3), p.031010_1 - 031010_6, 2016/07
This paper explains the outline of HTTR demonstration program with a plant concept of the heat application system directed at establishing an HTGR cogeneration system with 950C reactor outlet temperature for production of power and hydrogen as recommended by the task force. Commercial deployment strategy including a development plan for the helium gas turbine is also presented.
Sato, Hiroyuki; Yan, X.; Sumita, Junya; Terada, Atsuhiko; Nishihara, Tetsuo
Proceedings of International Gas Turbine Congress 2015 (IGTC 2015) (DVD-ROM), p.184 - 190, 2015/11
This paper presents the original control system design to provide for an extended range of electrical-thermal load-following in the GTHTR300. The turbine speed control is newly added to the basic plant control to take full advantage of the system characteristics of the HTGR and the closed-cycle gas turbine to accomplish the design goal of maintaining constant reactor power and high thermal efficiency during the load-following operation. Simulation result presented in the paper shows that the design goal can be effectively met. The paper also describes a demonstration program to validate the system operability by connecting an electricity and hydrogen cogeneration plant to the HTTR.
Kubo, Shinji; Iwatsuki, Jin; Takegami, Hiroaki; Kasahara, Seiji; Tanaka, Nobuyuki; Noguchi, Hiroki; Kamiji, Yu; Onuki, Kaoru
JAEA-Technology 2015-028, 32 Pages, 2015/10
JAEA-Technology-2015-028.pdf:23.69MB
JAEA has been conducting a study on IS process for thermochemical hydrogen production in order to develop massive hydrogen production technology for hydrogen society. Integrity of the chemical reactors and concentration technology of hydrogen iodide in HIx solution were studied. In the former study, the chemical reactors were trial-fabricated using industrial materials. A test of 30 times of thermal cycle test under circulating condition of the Bunsen reaction solution showed integrity of the Bunsen reactor made of fluororesin lined steel. Also, 100 hours of reaction tests showed integrity of the sulfuric acid decomposer made of silicon carbide and of the hydrogen iodide decomposer made of Hastelloy C-276. In the latter study, concerning electro-electrodialysis using cation-exchange membrane, sulfuric acid in the anolyte had little influence on the concentration performance. These results suggest the purification system of HIx solution can be simplified. Based on the Nernst-Planck equation and the Smoluchowski equation, proton transport number, water permeance, and IR drop of the cation exchange membrane were formulated. The derived equations enable quantitative estimation for the performance indexes of Nafion membrane and, also, of ETFE-St membranes made by radiation-induced graft polymerization method.
Onuki, Kaoru; Noguchi, Hiroki; Tanaka, Nobuyuki; Takegami, Hiroaki; Kubo, Shinji
Hyomen Kagaku, 36(2), p.80 - 85, 2015/02
Thermochemical water-splitting process decomposes water using thermal energy by operating high temperature endothermic reaction(s) and low temperature exothermic reaction(s) cyclically, with which free energy of water decomposition is produced. The so-called sulfur family processes, which utilize thermal decomposition of sulfuric acid as the high temperature endothermic reaction, have attracted lots of interest among the many processes proposed so far. The IS process represents the pure thermochemical sulfur family processes. The continuous hydrogen production by IS process was demonstrated in laboratory, and the materials of construction for the IS process have been screened by corrosion tests performed in the severe process environment. At present, application of membrane technologies and development of catalysts are under study to improve the hydrogen production performance. Also, development is underway of the chemical reactors made of candidate materials such as ceramics.
Sato, Hiroyuki; Ohashi, Hirofumi; Yan, X.; Kubo, Shinji; Nishihara, Tetsuo; Tachibana, Yukio; Inagaki, Yoshiyuki
JAEA-Technology 2014-031, 30 Pages, 2014/09
JAEA-Technology-2014-031.pdf:17.95MB
In the present study, identification of test items to be validated in the HTTR demonstration test to accomplish a formulation of safety requirement and design consideration for coupling a hydrogen production plant to a nuclear facility as well as confirmation of overall performance of helium gas turbine system. In addition, a plant concept for the heat utilization system to be connected with the HTTR is clarified.
