Annual report of Nuclear Emergency Assistance and Training Center (April 1, 2022 - March 31, 2023)

Nuclear Emergency Assistance and Training Center

JAEA-Review 2023-026, 54 Pages, 2023/12

JAEA-Review-2023-026.pdf:3.26MB

The Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) is one of the designated public corporations, which is the agency dealing with emergency situations in cooperation with the Japanese and local governments under the Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act and under the Armed Attack Situation Response Law. JAEA has, therefore, responsibilities of providing technical assistances to the Japanese and local governments in case of nuclear or radiological emergencies based on these acts. To fulfill the assistances, the JAEA has prepared the Nuclear Emergency Support Measures Regulation, Disaster Prevention Work Plan and Civil Protection Work Plan. The Nuclear Emergency Assistance and Training Center (NEAT) is the main center of the technical assistance in case of emergency, and dispatches experts of JAEA, supplies equipment and materials and gives technical advice and information, to the Japanese and local governments for emergency based on the regulation and plans. In normal time, the NEAT provides the technical assistances such as the exercises and training courses concerning the nuclear preparedness and response to the JAEA experts and to emergency responders including the Japanese and local government officers. This report introduces the results of activities in Japanese Fiscal Year 2022, conducted by the NEAT.

Annual report of Nuclear Emergency Assistance and Training Center (April 1, 2021 - March 31, 2022)

Nuclear Emergency Assistance and Training Center

JAEA-Review 2022-044, 58 Pages, 2022/12

JAEA-Review-2022-044.pdf:3.83MB

The Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) is one of the designated public corporations, which is the agency dealing with emergency situations in cooperation with the Japanese and local governments under the Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act and under the Armed Attack Situation Response Law. JAEA has, therefore, responsibilities of providing technical assistances to the Japanese and local governments in case of nuclear or radiological emergencies based on these acts. To fulfill the assistances, the JAEA has prepared the Nuclear Emergency Support Measures Regulation, Disaster Prevention Work Plan and Civil Protection Work Plan. The Nuclear Emergency Assistance and Training Center (NEAT) is the main center of the technical assistance in case of emergency, and dispatches experts of JAEA, supplies equipment and materials and gives technical advice and information, to the Japanese and local governments for emergency based on the regulation and plans. In normal time, the NEAT provides the technical assistances such as the exercises and training courses concerning the nuclear preparedness and response to the JAEA experts and to emergency responders including the Japanese and local government officers. This report introduces the results of activities in Japanese fiscal year 2021, conducted by the NEAT.

Development of emergency monitoring system for alpha-particle-emitting radionuclides in the air

Hokama, Tomonori; Fujita, Hiroki; Nakano, Masanao; Iimoto, Takeshi*

Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 196(3-4), p.136 - 140, 2021/11

https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncab139

During the early phase of a nuclear accident, major radioactive materials are released into the environment, necessitating the prompt deployment of various protective actions to avoid or reduce radiation exposure. To implement these actions, the levels of radioactivity in the environment should be determined. However, the radioactivity concentrations of artificial alpha-particle-emitting radionuclides such as plutonium are difficult to measure in airborne samples, because they are interfered with natural radionuclides such as uranium decay products. Therefore, chemical separation is required to measure the concentrations. This study presents a new emergency monitoring system for airborne samples, which performs multiple-pulse time-interval analysis (MTA) without chemical separation. The system is used in conjunction with an alpha/beta-particle survey meter and adopted an analysis method focusing on the detected time interval of each particle. Its features are that a short time to output measurement result, easy handling and nondestructive. The estimated detection limit of the system was 9.510 Bq m. The MTA-based monitoring system could be useful in situations requiring prompt measurement and screening of samples.

Nuclear safety and nuclear security interface

Tamai, Hiroshi

Nihon Genshiryoku Gakkai-Shi ATOMO, 63(9), p.677 - 678, 2021/09

https://doi.org/10.3327/jaesjb.63.9_677

The International Atomic Energy Agency, IAEA, has issued a technical report on national approaches to the interface between nuclear safety and nuclear security, which is essential for strengthening through mutual complementation. The report aims to provide Member States with insights on good practices, each of which is important in coordinating the interface. Those are states' experiences in (i) legal and regulatory framework, (ii) nuclear installations, (iii) radioactive sources and associated facilities and activities, (iv) management systems and nuclear safety and nuclear security culture, (v) emergency preparedness and response, and common issues in cross-cutting field.

Planning and implementation of environmental radiation monitoring

Takeishi, Minoru

JAEA-Review 2020-077, 388 Pages, 2021/05

JAEA-Review-2020-077.pdf:18.48MB

Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) have implemented environmental radiation monitoring since 1960s around different kinds of nuclear facilities such as research reactors, MOX fuel fabrication development facilities and the first spent fuel reprocessing facility for commercial NPPs and so on. I summarize the environmental monitoring methodology from planning to evaluation comprehensively as a guide book based on our experience and referring to the latest information. This guide book contained various basic knowledge about history of environmental radiation surveillances, techniques of radiation measurement and analysis of environmental samples such as airborne materials, precipitation, fallout, soil, sediment in river and lake, drinking water, terrestrial water, vegetables, milk, pasture, sea water, seabed sediment, marine product, index samples, and including with related to fundamental knowledges like an exposure evaluation for the public and quality assurance(QA), and some regulations. In particular, I include the emergency environmental radiation monitoring with response to the accident of Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant and Tokyo Electric Power Company Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station. Finally, I note some topics on the environmental impact study that I have experienced.

Background radiation monitoring using manned helicopter for application of technique of nuclear emergency response in the fiscal year 2018 (Contract research)

Futemma, Akira; Sanada, Yukihisa; Komiya, Tomokazu; Iwai, Takeyuki*; Seguchi, Eisaku*; Matsunaga, Yuki*; Kawabata, Tomoki*; Haginoya, Masashi*; Hiraga, Shogo*; Sato, Kazuhiko*; et al.

JAEA-Technology 2019-017, 95 Pages, 2019/11

JAEA-Technology-2019-017.pdf:12.09MB

By the nuclear disaster of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS), Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO), caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake and the following tsunami on March 11, 2011, a large amount of radioactive material was released from the FDNPS. After the nuclear disaster, airborne radiation monitoring using manned helicopter was conducted around FDNPS. We have carried out the background radiation monitoring around the nuclear power stations of the whole country to apply the airborne radiation monitoring technique that has been cultivated in the aerial monitoring around FDNPS against nuclear emergency response. The results of monitoring around Shimane and Hamaoka Nuclear Power Stations in the fiscal 2018 were summarized in this report. In addition, technical issues were described.

Background radiation monitoring using manned helicopter for establishment of technique of nuclear emergency response in the fiscal year 2017 (Contract research)

Futemma, Akira; Sanada, Yukihisa; Iwai, Takeyuki*; Seguchi, Eisaku; Matsunaga, Yuki*; Kawabata, Tomoki; Toyoda, Masayuki*; Tobita, Shinichiro*; Hiraga, Shogo*; Sato, Kazuhiko*; et al.

JAEA-Technology 2018-016, 98 Pages, 2019/02

JAEA-Technology-2018-016.pdf:18.64MB

By the nuclear disaster of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS), Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO), caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake and the following tsunami on March 11, 2011, a large amount of radioactive material was released from the NPS. After the nuclear disaster, airborne radiation monitoring using manned helicopter was conducted around FDNPS. We have carried out the background monitoring around the nuclear power stations of the whole country to apply the airborne radiation monitoring technique that has been cultivated in Fukushima against nuclear emergency response. The results of monitoring around Tomari, Kashiwazaki-Kariwa and Genkai Nuclear Power Station in the fiscal 2017 were summarized in this report. In addition, technical issues were described.

Naraha Remote Technology Development Center and robots for nuclear disaster

Kawatsuma, Shinji

Dekomisshoningu Giho, (54), p.24 - 33, 2016/09

It has passed more than five years than Tokyo Electric Power Company's Fukushima Daiichi NPPs accidents occurred by huge tsunamis caused by the earthquake in Pacific Ocean Coast of North East District on March 11, 2011. It is very hard for workers to enter and stay for long time to work for decommissioning, because the radiation dose rate in the reactor buildings is too high to extremely high caused by radioactive materials released. Then the Naraha Remote Development Center has been constructed and taken into full operation in April 2016, which center would accelerate the development of remote technologies conducting decommissioning on the behalf of workers. The center is developing robot simulator system and robot performance testing method which could support developing remote operating equipment and devices. Also the center is preparing and operating remote equipment and devices for nuclear emergency response.

Environmental radiation dose information system used by cellular phones in JAERI

Tachibana, Haruo; Yamaguchi, Takenori; Matsuoka, Shungo*; Nemoto, Shintaro*; Kurosawa, Naohiro*

Proceedings of 1st Asian and Oceanic Congress for Radiation Protection (AOCRP-1) (CD-ROM), 7 Pages, 2002/10

An environmental radiation monitoring system in Tokai establishment of JAERI is composed of 14 monitoring posts, 4 monitoring stations, 2 drainage monitors and the monitoring data observation center. These monitoring posts and stations measure the gamma dose rate, and the monitoring stations measure the radioactive air concentration too. Drainage monitors measure the radioactive concentration in drain water. We developed the environmental radiation dose information system used by cellular phone for observing the monitoring data in day and night, working day and holiday at everyplace in Japan. This information system shows us the every minute or every 10 minutes monitoring data table and data trend graph on the cellular phone display. In the emergency situation, this system helps for speedy response such as the notification to the JAERI staffs, starting the emergency environmental monitoring activities, reporting the dose rate and concentration to the national and local authorities, and establishment of the emergency response team in JAERI.

Sensitivity analysis on the deposition of inhaled radioactive iodine and the effectiveness of iodine prophylaxis

Matsunaga, Takeshi; Kobayashi, Kensuke

Hoken Butsuri, 36(1), p.31 - 44, 2001/03

https://doi.org/10.5453/jhps.36.31

no abstracts in English