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Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science; Kyoto University*
JAEA-Review 2026-014, 61 Pages, 2026/08
JAEA-Review-2026-014.pdf:5.86MB
The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), has been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") from FY2019. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2024, this report summarizes the research results of the "Research of omnidirectional neutron imaging system for ensuring safety in debris removal" conducted in FY2024. The present study aims to develop a compact and light omnidirectional neutron imager to identify the neutron sources for ensuring safety during debris removal operations. There are two operational environments: the reactor building where workers can go, and the high dose rate environment near primary containment vessel. For the former environment, we are developing the neutron imaging system based on the omnidirectional detectors for 
/
-rays. It can be used for worker evacuation instructions by indicating the neutron direction. In order to manufacture the detector, we investigated the response characteristics analysis of the system via Monte Carlo simulation and conducted the performance tests of the detector elements. We also constructed a system combining information from the detector with a 360 degree camera to visually determine the neutron direction. For the latter environment, we should develop the detector with high discrimination performance against -rays. Therefore, detection elements with extremely short decay times were selected and the structure of the omnidirectional neutron detector will be constructed. To evaluate the characteristics of these detectors, the irradiation fields of research reactor were evaluated before the irradiation tests.
Sato, Shun; Hokama, Tomonori*; Mikami, Satoshi; Takahashi, Fumiaki
Nihon Genshiryoku Gakkai Wabun Rombunshi (Internet), 25(3), p.93 - 105, 2026/08
Radiation dose rates measured by continuous monitoring posts (MPs) are essential for understanding spatial dose rate distributions and determining appropriate radiation protection measures during a nuclear emergency. However, MPs have different characteristics, such as height, measurement units, and monitor types. This study examined 1,692 MPs that are installed across Japan to investigate these characteristics. To quantitatively assess the effects of MP characteristics on radiation dose measurements, numerical simulations were conducted under assumed radionuclide distribution conditions following a light water reactor accident. The simulation model was validated through comparisons with observed monitoring data following the Fukushima accident. The simulation results showed that the variability in measured values due to differences in installation height and measurement units generally ranged from 0.7 to 1.1 times when the ambient dose equivalent rate at 1 m height was used as a reference. These findings provide important insights for the appropriate use of MP data and the improvement of emergency radiation monitoring systems in future nuclear accidents.
Saisu, Motofumi*; Ochi, Kotaro; Uchiyama, Keizo*; Mizuno, Naruhito*; Yoshida, Masashi*; Sanada, Yukihisa
Journal of Radiological Protection, 46(3), p.031506_1 - 031506_12, 2026/07
Times Cited Count：0After evacuation orders were lifted in Specified Reconstruction and Revitalization Base Areas following the Fukushima Daiichi accident, individual external doses of outdoor workers were measured using personal dosimeters and compared with airborne-derived ambient dose rates. Median hourly doses after lifting were significantly lower than before. The median conversion coefficient from ambient to individual dose was 0.39, below the commonly used value of 0.6, but consistent with previous results. These findings indicate that current government models provide conservative dose estimates and that conversion coefficients remain stable under post-evacuation conditions.
Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science; Tohoku University*
JAEA-Review 2026-016, 64 Pages, 2026/06
JAEA-Review-2026-016.pdf:3.06MB
The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), has been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") from FY2019. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2022, this report summarizes the research results of the "Development of a high-resolution imaging camera for alpha dust and high-dose rate monitor" conducted from FY2022 to FY2024. The present study aims to develop a high-resolution imaging camera for alpha dust and a high-dose rate monitor. To realize the high-resolution imaging camera for alpha dust, we have developed novel scintillation materials with emission bands of 500-800 nm. Moreover, we have prepared several materials for the camera and software. We have also developed novel scintillation materials with emission bands of 650-1,000 nm, and simulation studies have been conducted for the high-dose-rate monitor system consisting of optical fiber. In addition, we demonstrated this monitoring system, and the dose-rate dynamic range was found to be 10 mSv/h to 1 kSv/h.
Group for Fukushima Mapping Project
JAEA-Technology 2025-013, 206 Pages, 2026/03
JAEA-Technology-2025-013.pdf:34.64MB
This report presents results of the investigations on the distribution-mapping project of radioactive substances conducted in FY2024. Car-borne and walk surveys, a measurement using survey meters, and an unmanned helicopter survey were carried out to obtain air dose rate data on land to create their distribution maps, and temporal changes of those air dose rates were analyzed. In order to confirm the applicability of unmanned aircraft to monitoring in mountainous areas, a basic performance of unmanned aircraft was investigated in mountainous areas. Surveys on depth profile of radiocesium and in-situ measurements as for radiocesium deposition were performed. These measurement results were published on the WEB site. Based on these measurement results, effective half-lives of the temporal changes in the air dose rates and the deposition were evaluated. Using the Bayesian hierarchical modeling approach, we obtained maps that integrated air dose rate distribution data acquired through surveys such as car-borne and walk surveys. Radiation monitoring and analysis of environmental samples owing to the comprehensive radiation monitoring plan were carried out. Representative life patterns that can be expected after the return to the evacuation-designated restricted area were set, and the cumulative exposure doses were evaluated for the local governments and residents in the area. Score maps to classify the importance of the measurement points were created, and the temporal changes in the score were analyzed. A system to report the tritium concentration level in seawater to the Nuclear Regulation Authority was operated, and the variation of tritium concentration before and after the discharge of ALPS treated water to the ocean was analyzed. Monitoring data in coastal area performed owing to the comprehensive radiation monitoring plan until FY2024 was analyzed.
Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science; Tohoku University*
JAEA-Review 2025-048, 56 Pages, 2026/02
JAEA-Review-2025-048.pdf:2.89MB
The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2023. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2022, this report summarizes the research results of the "Development of a high-resolution imaging camera for alpha dust and high-dose rate monitor" conducted in FY2023. The present study aims to develop a high-resolution imaging camera for alpha dust and a high-dose rate monitor. To realize the high-resolution imaging camera for alpha dust, we have developed novel scintillation materials with emission bands of 500-800 nm. Moreover, we have prepared several materials for the camera and software. We have also developed novel scintillation materials with emission bands of 650-1,000 nm, and simulation studies have been conducted for the high-dose-rate monitor system consisting of optical fiber. In addition, we demonstrated this monitoring system, and the dose-rate dynamic range was found to be 20 mSv/h to 1 kSv/h.
Yoshida, Ryu*; Kurikami, Hiroshi; Nagao, Fumiya; Takahashi, Shigeo*; Sanada, Yukihisa
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 293, p.107900_1 - 10790_13, 2026/02
Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.00(Environmental Sciences)Ji, Y.-Y.*; Ji, W.*; Kim, K.*; Kim, M. J.*; Ochi, Kotaro; Morishita, Yuki; Sanada, Yukihisa
Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 244, p.113781_1 - 113781_12, 2026/02
Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.00(Chemistry, Physical)UAV-based airborne gamma-ray spectrometry enables rapid radiation mapping, but accurate estimation of ground-level ambient dose rates is difficult because of altitude attenuation, detector field-of-view effects, heterogeneous contamination, and terrain variability. We developed a practical method combining hovering-flight calibration and ground-based validation near the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. Altitude correction factors were derived using a dual-exponential model and compared with tripod and backpack measurements. Results showed that heterogeneous contamination and terrain introduce systematic biases if correction factors are derived under non-uniform conditions, while calibration at uniform sites improves agreement. The proposed approach demonstrates that UAV airborne surveys can reliably estimate spatial dose-rate distributions when site-dependent corrections are applied.
Laffolley, H.; Tsubota, Yoichi; Kuroe, Ayame; Kato, Tomoaki
ACS Omega (Internet), 16 Pages, 2026/00
Times Cited Count：0Radioactive aerosol size classification is crucial for exposure assessment during nuclear decommissioning. This study presents 
SPLIT, a two-stage 3D-printed virtual impactor separating aerosols into three aerodynamic classes (
10 m, 1
10 m, and 
1 m) while enabling direct analysis on integrated filters. This low-cost, disposable device eliminates hazardous cleaning and metallic waste by allowing incineration after use. Flow paths were optimized via computational fluid dynamics, and prototypes were fabricated by stereolithography. Simulations predicted sharp separation with cutoff diameters of 9.0 m and 1.3 m, despite minor cross-flow particle contamination. Prototype measurements revealed shrinkage and corner rounding, necessitating fabrication compensation. Experiments with incense smoke confirmed submicrometric particles collected mostly in the 1 m class. Tests using Rn-progeny-bearing NaCl particles (1.70 m mean diameter) showed the highest 
activity on the 110 m filter, confirming the expected classification. These results validate this lightweight, low-cost impactor for simultaneous size classification and direct radioactive particle analysis.
Ji, Y.-Y.*; Joung, S.*; Ji, W.*; Ochi, Kotaro; Sasaki, Miyuki; Sanada, Yukihisa
Journal of Radiological Protection, 45(4), p.042501_1 - 042501_11, 2025/12
Times Cited Count：3 Percentile：98.65(Environmental Sciences)This study reports the development and field validation of KAERI's UAV-based gamma-ray spectrometry system equipped with LaBr
(Ce) detectors. Joint surveys with JAEA near Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) showed reliable dose rate estimation after applying altitude based attenuation correction, through discrepancies occurred in sloped terrain. Incorporating terrain data is recommended to enhance accuracy for emergency response applications.
Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science; Okayama University*
JAEA-Review 2025-022, 51 Pages, 2025/10
JAEA-Review-2025-022.pdf:3.05MB
The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2023. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2022, this report summarizes the research results of the "Embedded system using a radiation-hardened processor" conducted in FY2023. The present study aims to develop a radiation-hardened optoelectronic processor with 10 MGy total-ionizing-dose (TID) tolerance, a radiation-hardened processor with 4 MGy TID tolerance, a radiation-hardened memory with 4 MGy TID tolerance, and a radiation-hardened power supply unit with 1 MGy TID tolerance. Up to now, we have successfully developed a radiation-hardened optoelectronic processor with 10 MGy TID tolerance, a radiation-hardened memory with 4 MGy TID tolerance. Moreover, Japanese research group will support radiation-hardened field programmable gate arrays, power supply units, and radiation-hardened optical systems for radiation-hardened robot systems and radiation sensor systems developed by UK team. Finally, we will provide our radiation-hardened robot system which can identify the intensity and type of radiation.
Shikaze, Yoshiaki; Saito, Kimiaki; Tanimura, Naoki*; Yoshimura, Kazuya; Liu, X.; Machida, Masahiko
Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 201(15), p.1025 - 1042, 2025/09
Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.00(Environmental Sciences)The two-component model, comprising a fast-decay and a slow-decay component, has been widely used to approximate the decreasing trends of air dose rates in contaminated areas surrounding major nuclear accident sites. However, its adequacy is yet to be thoroughly validated. This study analyzed extensive car-borne survey data collected from 2011 to 2016 after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression with a high-degree-of-freedom model. This analysis aimed to evaluate the adequacy of the two-component model and investigate the profiles of ecological half-lives. Next, future predictions of air dose rate distributions were made using a prediction model formula that incorporated the average ecological half-life profiles calculated for each land-use and initial air dose rate category. Prediction accuracy was verified through comparison with integrated map data, which merge air dose rate datasets obtained using different monitoring methods and represent the most currently reliable source. In this paper, we present the results of the analysis of the above environmental half-life profiles and the evaluation of the predictive model calculations, and discuss the reasons that led to these results.
Johansen, M. P.*; Gwynn, J. P.*; Carpenter, J. G.*; Charmasson, S.*; Mori, Airi; Orr, B.*; Simon-Cornu, M.*; Osvath, I.*; McGinnity, P.*
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 287, p.107706_1 - 107706_8, 2025/07
Times Cited Count：9 Percentile：83.71(Environmental Sciences)Mori, Airi; Johansen, M. P.*; McGinnity, P.*; Takahara, Shogo
Communications Earth & Environment (Internet), 6, p.356_1 - 356_11, 2025/05
Times Cited Count：1 Percentile：0.00(Environmental Sciences)Sato, Yuki; Terasaka, Yuta; Ichiba, Yuta*
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 62(4), p.389 - 400, 2025/04
Times Cited Count：2 Percentile：19.36(Nuclear Science & Technology)Group for Fukushima Mapping Project
JAEA-Technology 2024-017, 208 Pages, 2025/03
JAEA-Technology-2024-017.pdf:27.32MB
This report presents results of the investigations on the distribution-mapping project of radioactive substances owing to TEPCO Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS) conducted in FY2023. Car-borne surveys, a measurement using survey meters, a walk survey and an unmanned helicopter survey were carried out to obtain air dose rate data to create their distribution maps, and temporal changes of the air dose rates were analyzed. Surveys on depth profile of radiocesium and in-situ measurements as for radiocesium deposition were performed. Based on these measurement results, effective half-lives of the temporal changes in the air dose rates and the deposition were evaluated. Score maps to classify the importance of the measurement points were created, and the temporal changes in the score were analyzed. A system to report the tritium concentration level in seawater to the Nuclear Regulation Authority was operated, and the variation of tritium concentration before and after the discharge of ALPS treated water to the ocean was analyzed. Monitoring data in coastal area performed owing to the comprehensive radiation monitoring plan until FY2023 was analyzed. Using the Bayesian hierarchical modeling approach, we obtained maps that integrated air dose rate distribution data acquired through surveys such as car-borne and walk surveys. Representative life patterns that can be expected after the return to the evacuation-designated restricted area were set, and the cumulative exposure doses were evaluated for the local governments and residents in the area. The measurement results for FY2023 were published on the Web site and measurement data were stored as CSV format. Radiation monitoring and analysis of environmental samples owing to the comprehensive radiation monitoring plan were carried out.
Johansen, M. P.*; Gwynn, J. P.*; Carpenter, J. G.*; Charmasson, S.*; McGinnity, P.*; Mori, Airi; Orr, B.*; Simon-Cornu, M.*; Osvath, I.*
Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 55(6), p.422 - 445, 2025/00
Times Cited Count：11 Percentile：39.75(Engineering, Environmental)Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science; Tohoku University*
JAEA-Review 2024-016, 61 Pages, 2024/12
JAEA-Review-2024-016.pdf:2.88MB
The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2022. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2022, this report summarizes the research results of the "Development of a high-resolution imaging camera for alpha dust and high-dose rate monitor" conducted in FY2022. The present study aims to develop a high-resolution imaging camera for alpha dust and a high-dose rate monitor. To realize the high-resolution imaging camera for alpha dust, we have developed novel scintillation materials with emission bands of 500-800 nm. Moreover, we have prepared several materials for the camera and software. We have also developed novel scintillation materials with emission bands of 650-1,000 nm, and simulation studies have been conducted for the high-dose-rate monitor system consisting of optical fiber.
Sato, Rina; Yoshimura, Kazuya; Sanada, Yukihisa; Mikami, Satoshi; Yamada, Tsutomu*; Nakasone, Takamasa*; Kanaizuka, Seiichi*; Sato, Tetsuro*; Mori, Tsubasa*; Takagi, Marie*
Environment International, 194, p.109148_1 - 109148_8, 2024/12
Times Cited Count：7 Percentile：56.56(Environmental Sciences)Assessment of individual external doses from ambient dose equivalents is used for predictive and retrospective assessments where personal dosimeters are not applicable. However, it tends to contain more errors than assessment by personal dosimetry due to various parameters. Therefore, in order to accurately assess the individual dose from ambient dose equivalents, a model that estimates effective doses considering life patterns and the shielding effects by buildings and vehicles, were developed in this study. The model parameters were examined using robust datasets of environmental radiation measured in the areas affected by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident in 2020 to 2021. The accuracy of the model was validated by comparison with 106 daily personal doses measured in Fukushima Prefecture in 2020. The measured personal dose was well reproduced by the model-estimated effective dose, showing that the model can be used to assess the individual exposure dose, similar to personal dosimetry. Furthermore, this model is an effective tool for radiation protection, as it can estimate the individual dose predictively and retrospectively by using environmental radiation data.
Ishikawa, Akihisa; Tanaka, Hiroki*; Nakamura, Satoshi*; Kumada, Hiroaki*; Sakurai, Yoshinori*; Watanabe, Kenichi*; Yoshihashi, Sachiko*; Tanagami, Yuki*; Uritani, Akira*; Kiyanagi, Yoshiaki*
Journal of Radiation Research (Internet), 65(6), p.765 - 775, 2024/11
Times Cited Count：3 Percentile：45.70(Biology)