The Preliminary tests of the plasma melting treatment for homogenization of low-level radioactive wastes

Nakashio, Nobuyuki*; Osugi, Takeshi; Kurosawa, Shigenobu; Ishikawa, Joji; Hemmi, Ko; Iketani, Shotaro; Yokobori, Tomohiko

JAEA-Technology 2022-016, 47 Pages, 2022/08

JAEA-Technology-2022-016.pdf:2.23MB

The Nuclear Science Research Institute (NSRI) of the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) started operation of the Advanced Volume Reduction Facilities (AVWF) for production of waste packages for disposal of low-level radioactive solid wastes (LLW). To clarify the operating conditions for homogenization of non-metallic LLW, preliminary tests were carried out using the plasma melting furnace of the non-metal melting unit. The fluidity of molten waste influences homogenization conditions of solidified products. It was clarified that the viscosity, which is determined by the chemical composition and the melting temperature, influence the fluidity of molten waste greatly through previous literature review and the small-scale melting tests. In the preliminary tests, the simulated waste with a cold tracer loaded in 200 L drums were melted. Using the waste chemical components (basicity, iron oxide concentration) as an experimental parameter, the homogeneity of the chemical components of the solidified product was investigated and the homogenization conditions of melting tests were examined. The retention ratio of the tracer in the molten bath was also confirmed. The viscosity of the molten wastes was measured and the correlation with homogeneity was examined. In addition, the technical requirements that should be concerned in advance for future actual operation were discussed.

A Multi-technique tomography-based approach for non-invasive characterization of additive manufacturing components in view of vacuum/UHV applications; Preliminary results

Grazzi, F.*; Cialdai, C.*; Manetti, M.*; Massi, M.*; Morigi, M. P.*; Bettuzzi, M.*; Brancaccio, R.*; Albertin, F.*; Shinohara, Takenao; Kai, Tetsuya; et al.

Rendiconti Lincei. Scienze Fisiche e Naturali, 32(3), p.463 - 477, 2021/09

https://doi.org/10.1007/s12210-021-00994-2

Thermophysical properties of sodium-concrete reaction products

Kawaguchi, Munemichi; Miyahara, Shinya; Uno, Masayoshi*

Netsu Sokutei, 45(1), p.2 - 8, 2018/01

Liquid sodium (Na) has been used as the coolant of fast reactors for the various merits, such as the high thermal conductivity. On the other hand, it is postulated that a steel liner may fail and lead to a sodium-concrete reaction (SCR) during the Na-leak accident. Because of concrete ablation and release of hydrogen gas due to the chemical reactions between Na and concrete components, the SCR is one of the important phenomena in the Na-leak accident. In the study, fundamental experiments related to the SCR were performed using Na and concrete powder. Here, the used concrete powder is milled siliceous concrete which is usually used as the structural concrete in Japanese nuclear power plants. The obvious temperature changes at 3 temperature regions were observed for the reaction process such as Na-melt, NaOH-SiO and Na-HO-SiO reaction, which occurred around 100, 300 and 500C, respectively. Especially, the violent reaction around 500C caused the temperature peak to C, and the reaction heat of kW/g was estimated under the Na-concrete mixing ratio such as . The main components of the reaction products was identified as NaSiO with X-ray diffraction technique. Moreover, the measured thermophysical properties such as melting point, density, specific heat, thermal conductivity and viscosity were similar to those of NaO-SiO ().

Rapid dissolution techniques with microwave heating devices for solidified products made from non-metallic wastes by plasma melting

Haraga, Tomoko; Kameo, Yutaka; Nakashima, Mikio

Bunseki Kagaku, 55(1), p.51 - 54, 2006/01

https://doi.org/10.2116/bunsekikagaku.55.51

A relatively large quantity of sample solutions have to be prepared for radiochemical analysis of solidified products yielded by plasma melting treatment of non-metallic radioactive wastes. In order to dissolve the solidified products sample rapidly, dissolution method with microwave heating devices was applied. In a conventional method only by external heating with various mixtures of acids (HNO, HF, HClO and HSO), a 0.1 g amount of the sample was dissolved with difficulty. However, applying the microwave assisted dissolution method, a 1 g amount of the sample was completely dissolved in a shorter time. Thereby the time for dissolution procedures was shortened less than a one-tenth. The present dissolution method was successfully applied to the blast furnace slag as a reference material to determine main elements with good precision.

Study on coincidence and anti-coincidence -ray spectrometry for the rapid radioactivity evaluation of solidified products prepared from radioactive wastes

Haraga, Tomoko; Kameo, Yutaka; Hoshi, Akiko; Yonezawa, Chushiro*; Nakashima, Mikio

JAERI-Tech 2005-050, 35 Pages, 2005/09

JAERI-Tech-2005-050.pdf:1.35MB

Non-destructive -ray spectrometry has been examined as a simple and rapid radioactivity measurement technique for the solidified products prepared by plasma melting for low level radioactive miscellaneous wastes generated from nuclear facilities. The Compton background resulting from the coexisting radionuclides pose a problem in the usual -ray spectrometry which uses only a Ge detector. In order to reduce the background count and to measure the interested nuclide selectively, the coincidence and the anti-coincidence -ray spectrometry using the Ge-BGO detector system were examined. As a result of applying the anti-coincidence -ray spectrometry to a single -ray emitter Cs and the coincidence -ray spectrometry to multiple -ray emitter Eu under existence of Co, the detection limits of Cs and Eu in the sample, which contained Co, were reduced by a factor of about 6 and 1.5, respectively. It was confirmed that the present methods are useful for the -activity measurement of solidified products.

Development of pellet melting temperature measuring technique; Melting temperature measuring technique for small sample

Harada, Katsuya; Nakata, Masahito; Harada, Akio; Nihei, Yasuo; Yasuda, Ryo; Nishino, Yasuharu

JAERI-Tech 2004-034, 13 Pages, 2004/03

JAERI-Tech-2004-034.pdf:0.69MB

The Department of Hot Laboratories has been aiming the establishment of the melting temperature measuring technique for small samples obtained from the micro-region of irradiated fuel pellet. Due to the modification of the shape of tungsten capsule contained sample and the improvement of the detection method for melting temperature from indistinct thermal arrest point owing to small sample, it is possible to determine the melting temperature of small sample and to utilize effectively for the irradiated fuel pellet by using the existing apparatus. This paper describes the technique of the melting temperature measurement for small sample and the experimental results by using tantalum, molybdenum, hafnium oxide and un-irradiated UO pellet.

Phase relations of AgI under high pressure and high temperature

Otaka, Osamu*; Takebe, Hitoshi*; Yoshiasa, Akira*; Fukui, Hiroshi*; Katayama, Yoshinori

Solid State Communications, 123(5), p.213 - 216, 2002/08

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-1098(02)00290-9

Using a multi-anvil high-pressure device and synchrotron radiation, X-ray observations of AgI high pressure and high temperature up to 6.0 GPa and 1000 K have been performed to investigate the phase relations between -AgI, rocksalt-type, disordered rocksalt-type, and liquid phases. The three phases of -AgI, disordered rocksalt-type, and liquid meet in a triple point in the vicinity of 823 K and 1.3 GPa. The melting curve of the disordered rocksalt phase is linear with a positive slope. The transition between rocksalt and the disordered rocksalt phases is a broad and diffuse disordering type within the same structure. The formation of the disordered rocksalt phase has been hence estimated with the variation of a relative intensity ratio of (111) and (200) diffraction from the rocksalt phase. With increasing pressure the rocksalt phase becomes stabel at high temperature. At 6.0 GPa the rocksalt phase directly melts without the transition to the disordered rocksalt phase.

Melting behavior of low-level radioactive miscellaneous solid waste and characteristics of solidified products (Contract research)

Nakashio, Nobuyuki; Isobe, Motoyasu; Wakui, Takuji*; Iwata, Keiji*; Kibayashi, Tatsuyuki*; Kanazawa, Katsuo; Fukui, Toshiki; Otake, Atsushi*; Nakashima, Mikio; Hirabayashi, Takakuni*

JAERI-Research 2001-001, 19 Pages, 2001/02

JAERI-Research-2001-001.pdf:1.29MB

no abstracts in English

A Study on density, melting point, thermal expansion, creep, thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of the simulated rock-like oxide (ROX) fuels

Yanagisawa, Kazuaki; Omichi, Toshihiko*; Shirasu, Noriko; Muromura, Tadasumi;

JAERI-Tech 99-032, 65 Pages, 1999/03

JAERI-Tech-99-032.pdf:3.23MB

no abstracts in English

The Numerical simulation of melting and evaporation due to ultrashort pulse laser irradiation

; Sasaki, Akira; Kunugi, Tomoaki*; ;

Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser., (159), p.451 - 454, 1999/00

no abstracts in English