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JAEA Reports

Development of active control technology for impurities in coolant helium using High Temperature Engineering Test Reactor (HTTR)

Hamamoto, Shimpei; Nemoto, Takahiro; Sekita, Kenji; Saito, Kenji

JAEA-Technology 2015-048, 62 Pages, 2016/03

JAEA-Technology-2015-048.pdf:2.58MB

The decarburization may take place depending on the chemical impurity composition in helium gas used as the primary coolant in High-Temperature Gas-cooled Reactors, and will significantly reduce the strength of the alloy. The ability to remove impurities by a helium purification system was designed according to the predicted generation rate of impurities so as to make the coolant become the carburizing atmosphere. It has been confirmed that the coolant becomes the carburizing atmosphere during the operation period of the High Temperature engineering Test Reactor (HTTR). However, it is necessary to consider changes of generation rates of impurities since lifetime of commercial reactor is longer than the life of the HTTR. To avoid the influence of the change of generation rate, the control of removal efficiency of impurity in the helium purification system was considered in this study. To reform the decarburizing into the carburizing atmosphere, it is effective to increase the H $_{2}$ and CO concentration in the coolant helium. By controlling the efficiency of the Cooper Oxide Trap (CuOT), it is possible to increase the H $_{2}$ and CO concentrations. Therefore, an experiment was carried out by injecting the gas mixture of H $_{2}$ and CO into the existing purification system of HTTR to investigate the dependencies of temperature and impurity concentration on the removal efficiency of CuOT. The experimental results are described as the following, (1) By adjusting the temperature of helium at the CuOT within a range from 110 $^{circ}$ C to 50 $^{circ}$ C, it is possible to reduce the removal efficiency of H $_{2}$ sufficiently. (2) Temperature change of helium gas in the CuOT is sufficiently reduced by the cooler located at the downstream of the CuOT, which does not affect the primary cooling system of HTTR. As the results, the applicability of removal efficiency control of CuOT was verified to improve the decarburizing atmosphere for the actual HTGR system.

Journal Articles

Leak-tightness characteristics concerning the containment structures of the HTTR

Sakaba, Nariaki; Iigaki, Kazuhiko; Kondo, Masaaki; Emori, Koichi

Nuclear Engineering and Design, 233(1-3), p.135 - 145, 2004/10

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2004.08.023

Times Cited Count：5 Percentile：36.97(Nuclear Science & Technology)

The containment structures of the HTTR consist of the reactor containment vessel, the service area, and the emergency air purification system, which minimise the release of fission products in postulated accidents which lead to fission product release from the reactor facilities. The reactor containment vessel is designed to withstand the temperature and pressure transients and to be leak-tight in the case of a rupture of the primary concentric hot gas duct, etc. The pressure inside the service area is maintained at a negative pressure by the emergency air purification system. The emergency air purification system will also remove airborne radio-activity and will maintain a correct pressure in the service area. The leak-tightness characteristics of the containment structures are described in this paper. The measured leakage rates of the reactor containment vessel were enough less than the specified leakage limit of 0.1%/d confirmed during the commissioning tests and annual inspections. The service area was kept the design pressure well below its allowable limitation by the emergency air purification system which filter efficiency of particle removal and iodine removal were well over the limited values. The obtained data demonstrates that the reactor containment structures were fabricated to minimise the release of fission products in the postulated accidents with fission product release from the reactor facilities.

JAEA Reports

Establishment of a clean chemistry laboratory at JAERI; Clean Laboratory for Environmental Analysis and Research (CLEAR)

Hanzawa, Yukiko; Magara, Masaaki; Watanabe, Kazuo; Esaka, Fumitaka; Miyamoto, Yutaka; Yasuda, Kenichiro; Gunji, Katsubumi*; Yamamoto, Yoichi; Takahashi, Tsukasa; Sakurai, Satoshi; et al.

JAERI-Tech 2002-103, 141 Pages, 2003/02

JAERI-Tech-2002-103.pdf:10.38MB

The JAERI has established a facility with a cleanroom: the Clean Laboratory for Environmental Analysis and Research (CLEAR). This report is an overview of the design, construction and performance evaluation of the CLEAR in the initial stage of the laboratory operation in June 2001. The CLEAR is a facility to be used for ultra trace analyses of nuclear materials in environmental samples for the safeguards, for the CTBT verification and for researches on environmental sciences. The CLEAR meets double requirements of a cleanroom and for handling of nuclear materials. Much attention was paid to the construction materials of the cleanroom for trace analysis of metal elements using corrosive acids. The air conditioning and purification system, experimental equipment, utilities and safety systems are also demonstrated. The potential contamination from the completed cleanroom atmosphere during the analytical procedure was evaluated. It can be concluded that the CLEAR has provided a suitable condition for reliable analysis of ultra trace amounts of nuclear materials in environmental samples.

Journal Articles